{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:30:48Z","timestamp":1790400648389,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010663","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERCPoC 768815"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERCPoC 768815"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["epilepsybehavior.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T06:08:19Z","timestamp":1543644499000},"page":"70-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Clinical presentations of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE) in Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Joseph F.N.","family":"Siewe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Ngarka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godwin","family":"Tatah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel K.","family":"Mengnjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0887-0831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonard N.","family":"Nfor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric S.","family":"Chokote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Boull\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrille","family":"Nkouonlack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fid\u00e8le","family":"Dema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace A.","family":"Nkoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wepnyu Y.","family":"Njamnshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Earnest N.","family":"Tabah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-C\u00e9cile","family":"Zoung-Kanyi Bissek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Colebunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0052-1511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfred K.","family":"Njamnshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/582039","article-title":"Highlights in the history of epilepsy: the last 200 years","volume":"2014","author":"Magiorkinis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(02)90433-5","article-title":"Relationship between onchocerciasis and epilepsy: a matched case\u2013control study in the Mbam Valley, Republic of Cameroon","volume":"96","author":"Boussinesq","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005732","article-title":"High prevalence of epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic regions in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"11","author":"Levick","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0020","first-page":"361","article-title":"The prevalence of epilepsy follows the distribution of onchocerciasis in a west Ugandan focus","volume":"74","author":"Kaiser","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.09.004","article-title":"High prevalence of epilepsy in a village in the Littoral province of Cameroon","volume":"82","author":"Prischich","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000461","article-title":"Epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic areas: systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys","volume":"3","author":"Pion","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.10.008","article-title":"Nodding syndrome, other forms of epilepsy, and the Nakalanga syndrome most likely directly or indirectly caused by Onchocerca volvulus","volume":"372","author":"Colebunders","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12054","article-title":"Onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy: from recent epidemiological and clinical findings to policy implications","volume":"2","author":"Colebunders","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002147","article-title":"Case\u2013control studies on the relationship between onchocerciasis and epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Kaiser","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0050","article-title":"Onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy, an additional reason for strengthening onchocerciasis elimination programs","author":"Colebunders","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0055","first-page":"123","article-title":"Microfilariae in the cerebrospinal fluid, and neurological complications, during treatment of onchocerciasis with diethylcarbamazine","volume":"27","author":"Duke","year":"1976","journal-title":"Tropenmed Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182010000338","article-title":"The role of Onchocerca volvulus in the development of epilepsy in a rural area of Tanzania","volume":"137","author":"K\u00f6nig","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0065","first-page":"433","article-title":"M\u00e9moire sur l'Onchocerca volvulus","volume":"12","author":"Hissette","year":"1932","journal-title":"Ann Soc Belge M\u00e9d Trop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0070","first-page":"1","article-title":"Presence of microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus in the cerobrospinal fluid of patients treated with diethylcarbamazine","volume":"19","author":"Mazzotti","year":"1959","journal-title":"Rev Inst Salubr Enferm Trop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30425-0","article-title":"The temporal relationship between onchocerciasis and epilepsy: a prospective population-based cohort study","author":"Chesnais","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005201","article-title":"Nakalanga syndrome: clinical characteristics, potential causes, and its relationship with recently described nodding syndrome","volume":"11","author":"F\u00f6ger","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01671.x","article-title":"The head nodding syndrome\u2014clinical classification and possible causes","volume":"49","author":"Winkler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0090","first-page":"242","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of nodding syndrome in Mundri County, southern Sudan","volume":"12","author":"Tumwine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003880","article-title":"Nodding syndrome may be only the ears of the hippo","volume":"9","author":"Wamala","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-4505-10-16","article-title":"Empowering communities in combating river blindness and the role of NGOs: case studies from Cameroon, Mali, Nigeria, and Uganda","volume":"10","author":"Meredith","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Res Policy Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1868-8","article-title":"Still mesoendemic onchocerciasis in two Cameroonian community-directed treatment with ivermectin projects despite more than 15 years of mass treatment","volume":"9","author":"Kamga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0110","first-page":"103","article-title":"D\u00e9pistage de l'\u00e9pilepsie en zones tropicales: validation d'un questionnaire en Mauritanie","volume":"99","author":"Diagana","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot 1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12550","article-title":"ILAE official report: a practical clinical definition of epilepsy","volume":"55","author":"Fisher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0120","series-title":"International scientific meeting on nodding syndrome","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2017.11.015","article-title":"The new definition and classification of seizures and epilepsy","volume":"139","author":"Falco-Walter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1993.tb11844.x","article-title":"A clinical classification and grading system of the cutaneous changes in onchocerciasis","volume":"129","author":"Murdoch","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0135","article-title":"Stature-for-age and weight-for-age percentiles: 2 to 20 years","author":"National Center for Health Statistics","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Growth Charts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0140","article-title":"Risk factors associated with epilepsy in a rural area in Cameroon: a preliminary study","volume":"26","author":"Njamnshi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Afr J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004478","article-title":"Prevalence of river epilepsy in the Orientale Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"10","author":"Colebunders","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-018-0452-1","article-title":"High prevalence of epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic health areas in Democratic Republic of the Congo","volume":"7","author":"Lenaerts","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-018-0450-3","article-title":"High prevalence of epilepsy in two rural onchocerciasis endemic villages in the Mahenge area, Tanzania, after 20 years of community directed treatment with ivermectin","volume":"7","author":"Mmbando","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-016-1993-7","article-title":"Nodding syndrome and epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic regions: comparing preliminary observations from South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo with data from Uganda","volume":"9","author":"Colebunders","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0165","author":"World Bank"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2003.59302.x","article-title":"Demographic impact of epilepsy in Africa: results of a 10-year cohort study in a rural area of Cameroon","volume":"44","author":"Kamgno","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2006.06.003","article-title":"Mortality from epilepsy in an onchocerciasis-endemic area in West Uganda","volume":"101","author":"Kaiser","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0180","article-title":"Difficulties faced in the management of epilepsy in rural Cameroon: the case of Mbangassina locality","volume":"22","author":"Dongmo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Afr J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2016.23.229.9165","article-title":"Are the children with epilepsy treated traditionally a disadvantaged group? A pilot study","volume":"23","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02057.x","article-title":"Nonphysician management of epilepsy in resource-limited contexts: roles and responsibilities","volume":"50","author":"Njamnshi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12483","article-title":"A longitudinal study on nodding syndrome\u2014a new African epilepsy disorder","volume":"55","author":"Winkler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0200","first-page":"339","article-title":"Endemic dwarfism in Uganda","volume":"27","author":"Raper","year":"1950","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-858","article-title":"Physical growth, puberty and hormones in adolescents with nodding syndrome; a pilot study","volume":"7","author":"Piloya-Were","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0210","series-title":"mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings: version 1.0","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0215","article-title":"Proposed guidelines for the management of nodding syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Idro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1086\/317629","article-title":"A rapid-format antibody card test for diagnosis of onchocerciasis","volume":"182","author":"Weil","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92329-E","article-title":"Improvement in seizures after ivermectin","volume":"340","author":"Kipp","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1995.tb00463.x","article-title":"Spectrum of epilepsy in neurocysticercosis: a long-term follow-up of 143 patients","volume":"92","author":"Monteiro","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1990.00390140065014","article-title":"Neurocysticercosis as the main cause of late-onset epilepsy in Mexico","volume":"150","author":"Medina","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005153","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis estimating association of cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis with epilepsy","volume":"11","author":"Debacq","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008_bb0245","first-page":"105","article-title":"Cysticercosis and epilepsy: a case-control study in Mbam Valley, Cameroon","volume":"97","author":"Dongmo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"}],"container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505018305511?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505018305511?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T06:45:33Z","timestamp":1565246733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525505018305511"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S1525505018305511"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-5050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-5050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical presentations of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE) in Cameroon","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}