{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:48:17Z","timestamp":1790635697126,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012858","name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Foundation of Manitoba","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008252","name":"Health Sciences Centre Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","epilepsybehavior.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy & Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T05:47:25Z","timestamp":1586929645000},"page":"107046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A study of the significance of photoparoxysmal responses and spontaneous epileptiform discharges in the EEG in childhood epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Odile Alexandra","family":"van Win","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey G.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyrille F.","family":"Ferrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran","family":"Booth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asuri N.","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothee G.A.","family":"Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.10.040","article-title":"Photosensitivity in generalized epilepsies","volume":"68","author":"Poleon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.31405.x","article-title":"Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: a review for the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group","volume":"46","author":"Fisher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S107669","article-title":"Reflex epilepsy: triggers and management strategies","volume":"14","author":"Okudan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2017.04.001","article-title":"Photosensitivity and epilepsy: current concepts and perspectives\u2014a narrative review","volume":"50","author":"Martins da Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0025","first-page":"3","article-title":"Photosensitivity in epilepsy. Electrophysiological and clinical correlates","volume":"125","author":"Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenit\u00e9","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.11.012","article-title":"The \u201cphotosensitivity model\u201d is (also) a model for focal (partial) seizures","volume":"133","author":"Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2005.00315.x","article-title":"Photosensitivity in idiopathic generalized epilepsies","volume":"46","author":"Covanis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2001001200010","article-title":"Photic driving in the electroencephalogram of children and adolescents: harmonic structure and relation to the resting state","volume":"34","author":"Lazarev","year":"2001","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.3.453","article-title":"Significance of spontaneous epileptiform abnormalities associated with a photoparoxysmal response","volume":"45","author":"Gilliam","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.30600.x","article-title":"Visual sensitivity and epilepsy: a proposed terminology and classification for clinical and EEG phenomenology","volume":"42","author":"Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenit\u00e9","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100000342","article-title":"EEG in epilepsy: current perspectives","volume":"26","author":"Sundaram","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(03)00207-8","article-title":"Photoparoxysmal responses in children: their characteristics and clinical correlates","volume":"29","author":"Nagarajan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380401900802","article-title":"Photosensitivity and epilepsy","volume":"19","author":"Verrotti","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000114301","article-title":"Sleep, sleep deprivation, photosensitivity and epilepsy","volume":"11","author":"Scollo-Lavizzari","year":"1974","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2017.01.011","article-title":"Augmentation de la photosensibilit\u00e9 apr\u00e8s un court sommeil chez des patients priv\u00e9s de sommeil","volume":"47","author":"Elmal\u0131","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurophysiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1786","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007271","article-title":"Photosensitive epilepsy: robust clinical efficacy of a selective GABA potentiator","volume":"92","author":"Gurrell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.266246","article-title":"Impact of hyperventilation and sleep deprivation upon visual evoked potentials in patients with epilepsy","volume":"67","author":"Dziadkowiak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2006.12.007","article-title":"A study of idiopathic generalised epilepsy in an Irish population","volume":"16","author":"Mullins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.06.006","article-title":"Future directions for epidemiology in epilepsy","volume":"22","author":"Linehan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100002821","article-title":"The burden of seizures in Manitoba children: a population-based study","volume":"31","author":"Kozyrskyj","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0105","series-title":"Photosensitive epilepsy","author":"Harding","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb01506.x","article-title":"Photogenic partial seizures","volume":"41","author":"Hennessy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2015.0765","article-title":"Adult-onset photosensitivity: clinical significance and epilepsy syndromes including idiopathic (possibly genetic) photosensitive occipital epilepsy","volume":"17","author":"Koutroumanidis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0120","unstructured":"Reed RC, Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenit\u00e9 DGA, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV1, Utrecht University, The Netherlands2 and Sapienza University, Rome I. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) reduce the upper photosensitivity threshold-limit more than the lower threshold in the \u201cphotosensitivity model of epilepsy\u201d 2018."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-199201000-00015","article-title":"Relationship between prolonged and self-limited photoparoxysmal responses and seizure incidence: study and review","volume":"9","author":"Puglia","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(90)90178-M","article-title":"Clinical correlations of photoparoxysmal responses","volume":"75","author":"Jayakar","year":"1990","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2005.11104.x","article-title":"Hyperventilation revisited: physiological effects and efficacy on focal seizure activation in the era of video-EEG monitoring","volume":"46","author":"Guaranha","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2010.06.001","article-title":"Diagnosing photosensitive epilepsy: fancy new versus old fashioned techniques in patients with different epileptic syndromes","volume":"33","author":"Specchio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Dev"}],"container-title":["Epilepsy & Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505020302250?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505020302250?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T18:31:23Z","timestamp":1761503483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525505020302250"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["S1525505020302250"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-5050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-5050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A study of the significance of photoparoxysmal responses and spontaneous epileptiform discharges in the EEG in childhood epilepsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107046","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107046"}}