{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T21:41:03Z","timestamp":1789681263586,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","epilepsybehavior.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,5]],"date-time":"2021-06-05T03:54:57Z","timestamp":1622865297000},"page":"108099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"special_numbering":"PA","title":["The Epworth Sleepiness Scale in epilepsy: Internal consistency and disease-related associations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Niratchada","family":"Sap-Anan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3631-2677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maeve","family":"Pascoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6846-8588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2067-4590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madeleine M.","family":"Grigg-Damberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4941-9713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noah D.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8900-3280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy","family":"Foldvary-Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2010.00890.x","article-title":"Sleep disorders and work performance: Findings from the 2008 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America poll","volume":"20","author":"Swanson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01921-4","article-title":"Excessive daytime sleepiness and fatigue in neurological disorders","volume":"24","author":"Maestri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.05.002","article-title":"Excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with epilepsy: A subjective evaluation","volume":"21","author":"Giorelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.12.018","article-title":"Sleep disturbances in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A sleep questionnaire-based study","volume":"23","author":"Krishnan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.46703.x","article-title":"Subjective sleep disturbance in patients with partial epilepsy: a questionnaire-based study on prevalence and impact on quality of life","volume":"45","author":"de Weerd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2006.02.018","article-title":"Sleep-wake habits and disorders in a series of 100 adult epilepsy patients-A prospective study","volume":"15","author":"Khatami","year":"2006","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.12.1105","article-title":"Predictors of sleepiness in epilepsy patients","volume":"20","author":"Malow","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0040","first-page":"36","article-title":"Prevalence of sleep disorders and their effects on sleep quality in epileptic patients","volume":"4","author":"Yazdi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Basic Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2008.02.005","article-title":"Influence of sleep disturbance on quality of life of patients with epilepsy","volume":"17","author":"Piperidou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.14581\/jer.16015","article-title":"Excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep disorders in a population of patients with epilepsy: a case-control study","volume":"6","author":"Gammino","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.01.022","article-title":"Associations of impaired sleep quality, insomnia, and sleepiness with epilepsy: A questionnaire-based case-control study","volume":"57","author":"Im","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.08.002","article-title":"Wake up to sleep: The effects of lacosamide on daytime sleepiness in adults with epilepsy","volume":"75","author":"Foldvary-Schaefer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107023","article-title":"Subjective and objective hypersomnia highly prevalent in adults with epilepsy","volume":"106","author":"Grigg-Damberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.007","article-title":"Factors contributing to excessive daytime sleepiness in Korean adults with epilepsy: A sleep questionnaire-based study","volume":"90","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2017.06.014","article-title":"Subjective sleep disturbance in Chinese adults with epilepsy: Associations with affective symptoms","volume":"135","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2013.06.029","article-title":"Excessive sleepiness and sleep patterns in patients with epilepsy: a case-control study","volume":"29","author":"Pizzatto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1097\/00004691-200212000-00004","article-title":"Sleep complaints and epilepsy: The role of seizures, antiepileptic drugs and sleep disorders","volume":"19","author":"Foldvary-Schaefer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.02.014","article-title":"Insomnia in epilepsy is associated with continuing seizures and worse quality of life","volume":"122","author":"Quigg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.11.023","article-title":"Impact of sleep disorders on the risk of seizure recurrence in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy","volume":"80","author":"Buratti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2015.11.009","article-title":"Specific adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs - A true-to-life monotherapy study","volume":"54","author":"Kowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2015.06.009","article-title":"Subjective sleep disturbance in epilepsy patients at an outpatient clinic: A questionnaire-based study on prevalence","volume":"115","author":"Ismayilova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2019.04.019","article-title":"Prevalence of sleep disturbances in people with epilepsy and the impact on quality of life: a survey in secondary care","volume":"69","author":"Gutter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00591.x","article-title":"Sleep disturbances reported by refractory partial-onset epilepsy patients receiving polytherapy","volume":"47","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S111","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(00)00410-7","article-title":"Evaluation of sleepiness in epilepsy","volume":"111","author":"Manni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0125","first-page":"540","article-title":"A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale","volume":"14","author":"Johns","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Sleep Disord Assoc Sleep Res Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2013.08.002","article-title":"Evaluation of the measurement properties of the Epworth sleepiness scale: A systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Kendzerska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2017.1420075","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale: A factor analysis and item-response theory approach","volume":"35","author":"Pilcher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7086","article-title":"A requiem for the clinical use of the epworth sleepiness scale","volume":"14","author":"Omobomi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0145","first-page":"405","article-title":"Is nocturnal epilepsy cause of disturbed quality of sleep and elevated daytime sleepiness?","volume":"35","author":"Klobu\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0150","first-page":"599","article-title":"Daytime sleepiness and changes of sleep architecture in patients with epilepsy","volume":"30","author":"Klobu\u010dn\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2011.09.032","article-title":"The acute effects of levetiracetam on nocturnal sleep and daytime sleepiness in patients with partial epilepsy","volume":"19","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00882.x","article-title":"Excessive daytime sleepiness and subjective sleep quality in patients with nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy: A case-control study","volume":"47","author":"Vignatelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.47803.x","article-title":"Daytime sleepiness in epilepsy patients receiving topiramate monotherapy","volume":"45","author":"Bonanni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.5.879","article-title":"Vagus nerve stimulation reduces daytime sleepiness in epilepsy patients","volume":"57","author":"Malow","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150070120","article-title":"Daytime sleepiness in epilepsy patients: Evaluation by means of the Epworth sleepiness scale [6]","volume":"247","author":"Manni","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2012.08.032","article-title":"Sleep apnea and epilepsy: Who\u2019s at risk?","volume":"25","author":"Foldvary-Schaefer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0185","unstructured":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment 2018. 21st ed. Oslo, Norway: 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(00)00065-4","article-title":"Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research","volume":"2","author":"Bastien","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1159\/000066239","article-title":"On the validity of the Beck Depression Inventory. A review","volume":"31","author":"Richter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2015.06.004","article-title":"Validation of diagnostic tests for depressive disorder in drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"50","author":"de Lemos Zingano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2015.11.001","article-title":"Methods for measuring seizure frequency and severity","volume":"34","author":"Aghaei-Lasboo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0215","first-page":"1","article-title":"The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: rules, terminology and technical specifications. AASM Man. Scoring","author":"Iber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/15.4.376","article-title":"Reliability and factor analysis of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale","volume":"15","author":"Johns","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7258","article-title":"The epworth sleepiness scale: Validation of one-dimensional factor structure in a large clinical sample","volume":"14","author":"Lapin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2006.08.010","article-title":"Subjective somnolence relates mainly to depression among patients in a tertiary care epilepsy center","volume":"9","author":"Jenssen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2011000300015","article-title":"Depression and anxiety in a community sample with epilepsy in Brazil","volume":"69","author":"Stefanello","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8024","article-title":"Effect of positive airway pressure therapy on drowsy driving in a large clinic-based obstructive sleep apnea cohort","volume":"15","author":"Walia","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-020-01417-w","article-title":"Weighted Epworth sleepiness scale predicted the apnea-hypopnea index better","volume":"21","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00659.x","article-title":"Daytime sleepiness and neural cardiac modulation in sleep-related breathing disorders","volume":"17","author":"Lombardi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.02.056","article-title":"The impact of antiseizure medications on polysomnographic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Yeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med"}],"container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505021003334?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505021003334?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T18:39:22Z","timestamp":1761503962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525505021003334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S1525505021003334"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-5050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-5050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Epworth Sleepiness Scale in epilepsy: Internal consistency and disease-related associations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108099","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108099"}}