{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T05:48:11Z","timestamp":1774590491159,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007033","name":"Eisai Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","epilepsybehavior.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,13]],"date-time":"2021-11-13T18:01:59Z","timestamp":1636826519000},"page":"108407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Long-term efficacy and safety of perampanel as a first add-on therapy in patients with focal epilepsy: Three-year extension study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Kayeong","family":"Im","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Ahm","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Wook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Kun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dae Won","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Woong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003509","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of international studies","volume":"88","author":"Fiest","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2014.05.031","article-title":"The consequences of refractory epilepsy and its treatment","volume":"37","author":"Laxer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2004.05.004","article-title":"Medical risks in epilepsy: A review with focus on physical injuries, mortality, traffic accidents and their prevention","volume":"60","author":"Tomson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200002033420503","article-title":"Early identification of refractory epilepsy","volume":"342","author":"Kwan","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70047-3","article-title":"The pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in adults","volume":"10","author":"Perucca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.11.018","article-title":"Epilepsy treatment in adults and adolescents: Expert opinion, 2016","volume":"69","author":"Shih","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanada T, Hashizume Y, Tokuhara N, Takenaka O, Kohmura N, Ogasawara A, et al. Perampanel: A novel, orally active, noncompetitive AMPA-receptor antagonist that reduces seizure activity in rodent models of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2011;52:1331\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03109.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03109.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12212","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of adjunctive perampanel for the treatment of refractory partial seizures: a pooled analysis of three phase III studies","volume":"54","author":"Steinhoff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12643","article-title":"Long-term safety of perampanel and seizure outcomes in refractory partial-onset seizures and secondarily generalized seizures: results from phase III extension study 307","volume":"55","author":"Krauss","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krauss GL, Perucca E, Ben-Menachem E, Kwan P, Shih JJ, Squillacote D, Yang H, Gee M, Zhu J, Laurenza A. Perampanel, a selective, noncompetitive \u03b1-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor antagonist, as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial-onset seizures: interim results from phase III, extension study 307. Epilepsia 2013;54:126-34. doi: 10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03648.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03648.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.13197","article-title":"First add-on perampanel for focal-onset seizures: An open-label, prospective study","volume":"141","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2020.09.026","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of perampanel as a first add-on therapy with different anti-seizure drugs","volume":"83","author":"Santamarina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.01.001","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of perampanel and levetiracetam as first add-on therapy in patients with epilepsy: A retrospective single center study","volume":"80","author":"Liguori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.07.005","article-title":"Efficacy and impact on cognitive functions and quality of life of perampanel as first add-on therapy in patients with epilepsy: A retrospective study","volume":"98","author":"Rea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04636-7","article-title":"Perampanel as first add-on choice on the treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: an observational real-life study","volume":"42","author":"Labate","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0080","article-title":"Effectiveness of perampanel as a first add-on antiepileptic drug for the treatment of partial epilepsy","volume":"100","author":"Takahashi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.08.001","article-title":"Safety, efficacy and outcome-related factors of perampanel over 12 months in a real-world setting: The FYDATA study","volume":"126","author":"Villanueva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16573","article-title":"Assessment of the long-term efficacy and safety of adjunctive perampanel in tonic-clonic seizures: Analysis of four open-label extension studies","volume":"61","author":"Rektor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.09.012","article-title":"Long-term tolerability, safety and efficacy of adjunctive perampanel in the open-label, dose-ascending Study 231 and extension Study 233 in Japanese patients with epilepsy","volume":"62","author":"Usui","year":"2018","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14044","article-title":"Final safety, tolerability, and seizure outcomes in patients with focal epilepsy treated with adjunctive perampanel for up to 4 years in an open-label extension of phase III randomized trials: Study 307","volume":"59","author":"Krauss","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0105","first-page":"263","article-title":"Perampanel Study 207: long-term open-label evaluation in patients with epilepsy","volume":"126","author":"Rektor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2017.10.008","article-title":"Long-term retention rates for antiepileptic drugs: A review of long-term extension studies and comparison with brivaracetam","volume":"138","author":"Toledo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001558","article-title":"Perampanel efficacy and tolerability with enzyme-inducing AEDs in patients with epilepsy","volume":"84","author":"Gidal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14520","article-title":"Perampanel in routine clinical use across Europe: Pooled, multicenter, observational data","volume":"59","author":"Rohracher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.01.019","article-title":"Comparative 12-month retention rate, effectiveness and tolerability of perampanel when used as a first add-on or a late add-on treatment in patients with focal epilepsies: The COM-PER study","volume":"86","author":"Canas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"9566","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60460-7","article-title":"SANAD Study group. The SANAD study of effectiveness of carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, or topiramate for treatment of partial epilepsy: an unblinded randomised controlled trial","volume":"369","author":"Marson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2014.09.074","article-title":"SP615 Study Investigators. Safety and efficacy of adjunctive lacosamide among patients with partial-onset seizures in a long-term open-label extension trial of up to 8 years","volume":"41","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12451","article-title":"SP774 study investigators. Long-term adjunctive lacosamide treatment in patients with partial-onset seizures","volume":"133","author":"Rosenow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2007.01.004","article-title":"Comparative retention rates and long-term tolerability of new antiepileptic drugs","volume":"16","author":"Chung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e90","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13019","article-title":"Perampanel efficacy and safety by gender: Subanalysis of phase III randomized clinical studies in subjects with partial seizures","volume":"56","author":"Vazquez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.212","article-title":"Benign mesial temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"7","author":"Labate","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2017.1392509","article-title":"AMPA receptors and perampanel behind selected epilepsies: current evidence and future perspectives","volume":"18","author":"Di Bonaventura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.116903","article-title":"The efficacy of perampanel as adjunctive therapy in drug-resistant focal epilepsy in a \u201creal world\u201d context: focus on temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"415","author":"Pascarella","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"}],"container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505021006685?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505021006685?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T18:43:18Z","timestamp":1761504198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525505021006685"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S1525505021006685"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-5050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-5050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Long-term efficacy and safety of perampanel as a first add-on therapy in patients with focal epilepsy: Three-year extension study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108407","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108407"}}