{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T12:06:03Z","timestamp":1780401963898,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","epilepsybehavior.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:10:24Z","timestamp":1776730224000},"page":"111058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Impact of antiseizure medications on thyroid function in persons with epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"181","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3915-9521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maraludevanapura Govindaiah","family":"Rohith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3180-2803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gurumurthy","family":"Bharanidharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2366-397X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ankith","family":"Bhasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadarajan Aravind","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9128-2052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"KY","family":"Manisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8083-4264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiren G","family":"Koshy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramshekhar N","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8564-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashalatha","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.160093","article-title":"Epilepsy in India I: epidemiology and public health","volume":"18","author":"Amudhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2009.02.022","article-title":"Epilepsy and hormones: a critical review","volume":"15","author":"Luef","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2016.03.002","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome in young adults with epilepsy","volume":"37","author":"Nair","year":"2016","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0020","first-page":"3","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice on dental issues in persons with epilepsy","volume":"17","author":"George","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kerala Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb01595.x","article-title":"Long-term treatment of children with epilepsy with valproate or carbamazepine may cause subclinical hypothyroidism","volume":"40","author":"Eir\u00eds-Pu\u00f1al","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.18295\/squmj.11.2024.075","article-title":"A prospective cohort study on the effect of antiseizure medications on thyroid function in children aged 6 months to 12 years with epilepsy","volume":"24","author":"Mohankumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s41983-023-00776-7","article-title":"Effect of anti-epileptic drugs usage on thyroid profile in Egyptian epileptic children","volume":"60","author":"Rafik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Egypt J Neurol Psychiatry Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0040","first-page":"31","article-title":"The impact of antiepileptic drugs on thyroid function in children with epilepsy: new versus old","volume":"14","author":"Elshorbagy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.18203\/2319-2003.ijbcp20243035","article-title":"Subclinical hypothyroidism and plasma levels of commonly prescribed anti-seizure medications","volume":"13","author":"Natarajan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peeters RP. Subclinical hypothyroidism. Solomon CG, editor. New Engl J Med. 2017 Jun 29;376(20):2556\u201365.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1611144"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0055","first-page":"31","article-title":"Impact of antiepileptic drugs on thyroid function in children with epilepsy: new versus old","volume":"14","author":"Elshorbagy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran J Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Unnikrishnan, Ambika Gopalakrishnan, Menon, Usha V. Thyroid disorders in India: an epidemiological perspective. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 15(Suppl2):p S78-S81, July 2011. | DOI: 10.4103\/2230-8210.83329.","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.83329"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(05)70139-0","article-title":"When to treat mild hypothyroidism","volume":"29","author":"Ayala","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.4065\/84.1.65","article-title":"Subclinical hypothyroidism: an update for primary care physicians","volume":"84","author":"Fatourechi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.83337","article-title":"Central hypothyroidism","volume":"15","author":"Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1995.tb01894.x","article-title":"The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey","volume":"43","author":"Vanderpump","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1080\/20009666.2017.1422672","article-title":"Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in adults visiting primary health-care setting in Riyadh","volume":"8","author":"Al Eidan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0090","article-title":"Thyroid function and epilepsy: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study","volume":"17","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0095","first-page":"135","article-title":"Subclinical hypothyroidism during valproic acid therapy in children and adolescents with epilepsy","volume":"43","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17117","article-title":"Antiseizure medications and thyroid hormone homeostasis: literature review and practical recommendations","volume":"63","author":"Rochtus","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2016.0821","article-title":"Duration of valproic acid monotherapy correlates with subclinical thyroid dysfunction in children with epilepsy","volume":"18","author":"Ili\u0107","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2011.04.005","article-title":"Thyroid hormone levels in children receiving carbamazepine or valproate","volume":"45","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2013.09.006","article-title":"The effect of antiepileptic drugs on thyroid function in children","volume":"23","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0120","first-page":"131","article-title":"Antiepileptic drugs and risk of subclinical hypothyroidism","volume":"49","author":"Yehia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Egypt J Neurol Psychiatry Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.11.010","article-title":"Is the prevalence of thyroid disease higher in children receiving antiepileptic medication? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"94","author":"Ilia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s41983-023-00776-7","article-title":"Effect of anti-epileptic drugs usage on thyroid profile in Egyptian epileptic children","volume":"60","author":"Rafik","year":"2024","journal-title":"Egypt J Neurol Psychiatry Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.042007930.x","article-title":"Thyroid function in men taking carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, or valproate for Epilepsy","volume":"42","author":"Isoj\u00e4rvi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00821.x","article-title":"The evaluation of thyroid functions, thyroid antibodies, and thyroid volumes in children with epilepsy during short-term administration of oxcarbazepine and valproate","volume":"47","author":"Cansu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2009.09.008","article-title":"Antiepileptic drugs and hormones in children","volume":"89","author":"Cansu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.4158\/EP12280.GL","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults: cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association","volume":"18","author":"Garber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1159\/000491388","article-title":"2018 European Thyroid Association (ETA) guidelines on the diagnosis and management of central hypothyroidism","volume":"7","author":"Persani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058_b0160","article-title":"Phenytoin- medication that warrants deviation from standard approach for thyroid lab interpretation","volume":"12","author":"Pattan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Epilepsy &amp; Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505026001794?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525505026001794?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T11:26:24Z","timestamp":1780399584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525505026001794"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S1525505026001794"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-5050"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-5050","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of antiseizure medications on thyroid function in persons with epilepsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy & Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.111058","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111058"}}