{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:20:38Z","timestamp":1787498438650,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":185,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["General and Comparative Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]],"date-time":"2014-06-12T05:33:48Z","timestamp":1402551228000},"page":"13-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Avian photoreceptors and their role in the regulation of daily and seasonal physiology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"220","author":[{"family":"Surbhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinod","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-1125","article-title":"Opsin photoisomerases in the chicken retina and pineal gland: characterization, localization and circadian regulation","volume":"45","author":"Bailey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.11.003","article-title":"Melanopsin expression in the chick retina and pineal gland","volume":"134","author":"Bailey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0015","series-title":"Evolution \u2013 Essays on Aspects of Functional Biology","first-page":"161","article-title":"The evolution of breeding seasons","author":"Baker","year":"1938"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/33.2.185","article-title":"The neural integration of environmental information by seasonally breeding birds","volume":"33","author":"Ball","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0025","series-title":"Avian Biology VII","first-page":"221","article-title":"Hormonal correlates of behaviour","author":"Balthazart","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e254","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040254","article-title":"Evolution of melanopsin photoreceptors: discovery and characterization of a new melanopsin in nonmammalian vertebrates","volume":"4","author":"Bellingham","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0035","first-page":"669","article-title":"Le role des yeux dans l\u2019action stimulante de la lumiere sure le developpement testiulaire chez le canard","volume":"118","author":"Benoit","year":"1935","journal-title":"CR Soc. Biol. (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0040","first-page":"22","article-title":"External and internal factors in sexual activity: effect of irradiation with different wavelengths on the mechanisms of photostimulation of the hypophysis and on testicular growth in the immature duck","volume":"17","author":"Benoit","year":"1944","journal-title":"Yale J. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0045","first-page":"2750","article-title":"Recherches sur la photosensibilite des recepteurs nerveux superficiel et profond dans la gonadostimulation par les radiations visibles chez le Canard Pekin impubere","volume":"262","author":"Benoit","year":"1966","journal-title":"Compt. Rend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0050","first-page":"187","article-title":"Rrle de l\u2019oeil dans la gonadostimulation par la lumi\u223cre chez les Oiseaux","volume":"13","author":"Benoit","year":"1974","journal-title":"Ann. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.2003.01062.x","article-title":"Gonadotropin-inhibitory peptide in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) in different reproductive conditions, and in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) relative to chicken-gonadotropin-releasing hormone","volume":"15","author":"Bentley","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12324","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.200354997","article-title":"Photoperiodic information acquired and stored in vivo is retained in vitro by a circadian oscillator, the avian pineal gland","volume":"97","author":"Brandst\u00e4tter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-079x.2001.310205.x","article-title":"Seasonal variations of in vivo and in vitro melatonin production in a passeriform bird, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus)","volume":"31","author":"Brandst\u00e4tter","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402320321","article-title":"Is the avian circadian system a neuroendocrine loop?","volume":"232","author":"Cassone","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730407311110","article-title":"Duration of melatonin regulates seasonal changes in song control nuclei of the house sparrow, Passer domesticus: independence from gonads and circadian entrainment","volume":"23","author":"Cassone","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00199337","article-title":"Effects of physiological cycles of infused melatonin on circadian rhythmicity in pigeons","volume":"170","author":"Chabot","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00217438","article-title":"Feeding rhythms in constant light and constant darkness: the role of the eyes and the effect of melatonin infusion","volume":"175","author":"Chabot","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02874.x","article-title":"Molecular cloning, localization and circadian expression of chicken melanopsin (Opn4): differential regulation of expression in pineal and retinal cell types","volume":"92","author":"Chaurasia","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0908","article-title":"Melatonin stimulates the release of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone by the avian hypothalamus","volume":"151","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.08.005","article-title":"Review: melatonin stimulates the synthesis and release of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone in birds","volume":"181","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2005.01260.x","article-title":"Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone depresses gonadotropin and follicle stimulating hormone subunit expression in the pituitary of the domestic chicken","volume":"16","author":"Ciccone","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0110","series-title":"The Pineal Gland V.1. Anatomy and Biochemistry","first-page":"27","article-title":"Structural and functional relationships in the nonmammalian pineal gland","author":"Collin","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6133fje","article-title":"An invertebrate-like phototransduction cascade mediates light detection in the chicken retinal ganglion cells","volume":"20","author":"Contin","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02103.x","article-title":"Action spectra again?","volume":"54","author":"Coohill","year":"1991","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0125","series-title":"Measurements of Optical Radiation Hazards","first-page":"27","article-title":"Photobiology action spectra-what do they mean?","author":"Coohill","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(72)90244-4","article-title":"On control of spontaneous testicular regression in tree sparrows, Spizella arborea","volume":"19","author":"Cusick","year":"1972","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0135","first-page":"317","article-title":"Light absorption, feed consumption and the urge to lay","volume":"13","author":"Dakan","year":"1934","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1975.0129","article-title":"The neuroendocrine control of gonadotropin release in the Japanese quail. I. The role of the tuberal hypothalamus","volume":"191","author":"Davies","year":"1975","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2011.0864","article-title":"Vertebrate ancient opsin photopigment spectra and the avian photoperiodic response","volume":"8","author":"Davies","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1126\/science.424750","article-title":"Circadian rhythm of serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity in organ culture of chicken pineal gland","volume":"203","author":"Deguchi","year":"1979","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1038\/282094a0","article-title":"A circadian oscillator in cultured cells of chicken pineal gland","volume":"282","author":"Deguchi","year":"1979","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01342667","article-title":"The role of the pineal organ and the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the control of circadian locomotor rhythms in the Java sparrow, Padda oryzivora","volume":"141","author":"Ebihara","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00605391","article-title":"Circadian organization in the pigeon, Columba livia: the role of the pineal organ and the eye","volume":"154","author":"Ebihara","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/313050a0","article-title":"Rhodopsin-like sensitivity of extra-retinal photoreceptors mediating the photoperiodic response in quail","volume":"313","author":"Foster","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01239977","article-title":"Immunocytochemical markers revealing retinal and pineal but not hypothalamic photoreceptor systems in the Japanese quail","volume":"248","author":"Foster","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1530\/ror.0.0030145","article-title":"Extraretinal photoreceptors and their regulation of temporal physiology","volume":"3","author":"Foster","year":"1998","journal-title":"Rev. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(02)00036-8","article-title":"Non-rod, non-cone photoreception in the vertebrates","volume":"21","author":"Foster","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01680752","article-title":"Beitrage zur physiologie der pigmentzellen in der fischhaut","volume":"138","author":"Frisch","year":"1911","journal-title":"Pfluger\u2019s Arch. Gesamte Phys. Menschen Tiere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00612595","article-title":"Effects of pinealectomy and subsequent melatonin implants on activity rhythms in the house finch (Carpodacus mexicanus)","volume":"153","author":"Fuchs","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1126\/science.160.3832.1125","article-title":"Pineal function: the biological clock in the sparrow?","volume":"160","author":"Gaston","year":"1968","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0205","series-title":"The Science of Photobiology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Photophysics","author":"Grossweiner","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00340684","article-title":"Extraocular light perception in photoperiodic responses of the white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys) and of the golden-crowned sparrow (Z. atricapilla)","volume":"75","author":"Gwinner","year":"1971","journal-title":"Z. Vergl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00666364","article-title":"Effects of pinealectomy on circadian locomotor activity rhythms in European starlings, Sturnus vulgaris","volume":"126","author":"Gwinner","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(97)00224-4","article-title":"Melatonin: generation and modification of avian circadian rhythms","volume":"44","author":"Gwinner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2001.0959","article-title":"Complex bird clocks","volume":"356","author":"Gwinner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B: Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0230","series-title":"Avian Migration","first-page":"81","article-title":"Circannual and circadian contributions to the timing of avian migration","author":"Gwinner","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.06.066","article-title":"VA opsin-based photoreceptors in the hypothalamus of birds","volume":"19","author":"Halford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-002-0574-3","article-title":"Neurotransmitters of the retino-hypothalamic tract","volume":"309","author":"Hannibal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-132-34171","article-title":"Extraretinal photocontrol of oviposition in pinealectomized domestic fowl","volume":"132","author":"Harrison","year":"1969","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Bid. (NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0220269","article-title":"Influence of decreased length of different spectral photoperiods on testis development of domestic fowl","volume":"22","author":"Harrison","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0512060","article-title":"Extraretinal photocontrol of reproductive responses of Leghorn hens to photoperiods of different length and spectrum","volume":"51","author":"Harrison","year":"1972","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2010.07.005","article-title":"The emerging roles of melanopsin in behavioral adaptation to light","volume":"16","author":"Hatori","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1177\/074873049501000305","article-title":"Synchronization of circadian rhythms of house sparrows by oral melatonin: effects of changing period","volume":"10","author":"Heigl","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0270","series-title":"The Influence of Ocular Light Perception on Metabolism in Man and Animal","author":"Hollwich","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0275","series-title":"Biological Rhythms and their Central Mechanism","first-page":"85","author":"Homma","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0280","series-title":"Organic Photochemistry and Photobiology","first-page":"1","author":"Horspool","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0285","series-title":"Avian Biology","first-page":"341","article-title":"Ecological aspects of periodic breeding","author":"Immelmann","year":"1971"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0290","first-page":"392","article-title":"Effects of irradiation with different wavelengths on the development of the gonad in the fowl","volume":"13","author":"Ishibashi","year":"1951","journal-title":"Sci. Bull. Fac. Agr. Kyushu Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1159\/000109131","article-title":"Cellular and molecular regulation of serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity in chicken retinal photoreceptors","volume":"6","author":"Iuvone","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol. Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2010.06.082","article-title":"Melanopsin expression in dopamine\u2013melatonin neurons of the premammillary nucleus of the hypothalamus and seasonal reproduction in birds","volume":"170","author":"Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-206","article-title":"Circadian genomics of the chick pineal gland in vitro","volume":"9","author":"Karaganis","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7321","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-17-07321.2002","article-title":"Opsin-G11-mediated signaling pathway for photic entrainment of the chicken pineal circadian clock","volume":"22","author":"Kasahara","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(96)00476-3","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the pigeon P-opsin gene","volume":"182","author":"Kawamura","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/1043-2760(92)90113-F","article-title":"Evolution of gonadotropin-releasing hormones","volume":"3","author":"King","year":"1992","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0325","first-page":"1795","article-title":"Localization par une technique de microimplantation de structures hypothalamiques responsables du feed-back par la testostrrone chez le Canard","volume":"158","author":"Kordon","year":"1964","journal-title":"C. R. Soc. Biol. (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00225432","article-title":"Opsin-like immunoreactivity in the retina and pineal organs of four mammalian species","volume":"242","author":"Korf","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0720959","article-title":"The search for deep encephalic photoreceptors within the avian brain, using gonadal development as a primary indicator","volume":"72","author":"Kuenzel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.1993.tb00502.x","article-title":"The circadian nature of melatonin secretion in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","volume":"14","author":"Kumar","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(96)80040-0","article-title":"Effects of wavelength and intensity of light in initiation of body fattening and gonadal growth in a migratory bunting under complete and skeleton photoperiods","volume":"60","author":"Kumar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0350","first-page":"508","article-title":"Wavelength of light mimics the effects of the duration and intensity of a long photoperiod in stimulation of gonadal responses in the male blackheaded bunting (Emberiza melanocephala)","volume":"79","author":"Kumar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0355","series-title":"Avian Endocrinology","first-page":"93","article-title":"Melatonin and circadian rhythmicity in birds","author":"Kumar","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/09291010412331313287","article-title":"The bird clock: a complex multi-oscillatory and highly diversified systems","volume":"35","author":"Kumar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Rhythms Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0365","first-page":"259","article-title":"The timekeeping system in birds","volume":"B71","author":"Kumar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114-007-0243-1","article-title":"Daytime light intensity affects seasonal timing via changes in the nocturnal melatonin levels","volume":"94","author":"Kumar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Naturwissenschaften"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1086\/652243","article-title":"Biological clocks and regulation of seasonal reproduction and migration in birds","volume":"83","author":"Kumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Biochem. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(90)80465-U","article-title":"The primary structure of iodopsin, a chicken red sensitive cone pigment","volume":"272","author":"Kuwata","year":"1990","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01543a060","article-title":"Isolation of melatonin, pineal factor that lightens melanocytes","volume":"80","author":"Lerner","year":"1958","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2008.04.007","article-title":"A possible neural cascade involving the photoneuroendocrine system (PNES) responsible for regulating gonadal development in an avian species, Gallus gallus","volume":"76","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02451908","article-title":"Daily melatonin administration synchronizes circadian patterns of brain metabolism and behavior in pinealectomized house sparrows, Passer domesticus","volume":"173","author":"Lu","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1077293","article-title":"Diminished pupillary light reflex at high irradiances in melanopsin knockout mice","volume":"299","author":"Lucas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.04.013","article-title":"A photoperiodic molecular response in migratory redheaded bunting exposed to a single long day","volume":"204C","author":"Majumdar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1076\/brhm.33.1.65.1328","article-title":"The influence of light wavelength on phase dependent responsiveness of the photoperiodic clock in migratory blackheaded bunting","volume":"33","author":"Malik","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biol. Rhythm Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1081\/CBI-120038742","article-title":"Wavelength dependency of light-induced effects on photoperiodic clock in the migratory blackheaded bunting (Emberiza melanocephala)","volume":"21","author":"Malik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1562\/2006-02-24-IR-813","article-title":"A median third eye: pineal gland retraces evolution of vertebrate photoreceptive organs","volume":"83","author":"Mano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7878470","article-title":"Pineal opsin: a nonvisual opsin expressed in chick pineal","volume":"267","author":"Max","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.01.010","article-title":"A functional neuropeptide system in vertebrate gonads: gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone and its receptor in testes of field-caught house sparrow (Passer domesticus)","volume":"166","author":"McGuire","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3461","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-1053","article-title":"Effects of melatonin on peripheral reproductive function: regulation of testicular GnIH and testosterone","volume":"152","author":"McGuire","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00697766","article-title":"Pinealectomy abolishes the circadian rhythm of migratory restlessness","volume":"79","author":"McMillan","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01464359","article-title":"On the role of eyes and brain photoreceptors in the sparrow: entrainment to light cycles","volume":"102","author":"McMillan","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.59.2.414","article-title":"Extraretinal light perception in the sparrow. I. Entrainment of the biological clock","volume":"59","author":"Menaker","year":"1968","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.60.1.146","article-title":"Extraretinal light perception in the sparrow. II. Photoperiodic stimulation of testis growth","volume":"60","author":"Menaker","year":"1968","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.67.1.320","article-title":"Extraretinal light perception in the sparrow \u2013 the eyes do not participate in photoperiodic photoreception","volume":"67","author":"Menaker","year":"1970","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0465","series-title":"Biochronometry: Proceedings of a Symposium","first-page":"315","article-title":"Synchronization with the photic environment via extraretinal receptors in the avian brain","author":"Menaker","year":"1971"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/16.1.45","article-title":"Role of the pineal in the circadian system of birds","volume":"16","author":"Menaker","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0475","series-title":"Sixth Sapporo Symposium on Biological Rhythms: Circadian Organization and Oscillatory Coupling","first-page":"37","article-title":"Evolution of vertebrate circadian systems","author":"Menaker","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8065","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.20.8065","article-title":"N-acetylaspartylglutamate: a transmitter candidate for the retinohypothalamic tract","volume":"87","author":"Moffett","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0485","series-title":"Environmental Control in Poultry Production","first-page":"15","article-title":"Light requirements of the fowl","author":"Morris","year":"1967"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)90699-8","article-title":"Comparison of circadian oscillation of melatonin release in pineal cells of house sparrow, pigeon and Japanese quail, using cell perfusion systems","volume":"651","author":"Murakami","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0495","series-title":"Avian Breeding Cycles","author":"Murton","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1159\/000114156","article-title":"Evolution of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal system","volume":"42","author":"Muske","year":"1993","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15264","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006393107","article-title":"A mammalian neural tissue opsin (Opsin 5) is a deep brain photoreceptor in birds","volume":"107","author":"Nakane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-08-0041","article-title":"Thyroid hormones and seasonal reproductive neuroendocrine interactions","volume":"136","author":"Nakao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06738","article-title":"Thyrotrophin in the pars tuberalis triggers photoperiodic response","volume":"452","author":"Nakao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-002-0571-6","article-title":"Rhythm and soul in the avian pineal","volume":"309","author":"Natesan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1977.tb09123.x","article-title":"Extraretinal photoreception in chickens: entrainment of the circadian locomotor activity rhythm","volume":"25","author":"Nyce","year":"1977","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2525\/ecb1963.3.87","article-title":"Investigations on photoreceptor mechanism to control gonadal development in Japanese quail","volume":"3","author":"Oishi","year":"1966","journal-title":"Environ. Control. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0535","first-page":"12","article-title":"Pineal organ as a possible photoreceptor; photoperiodic testicular responses in Japanese quail","volume":"2","author":"Oishi","year":"1968","journal-title":"Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyoto Univ. Ser. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1973.225.1.155","article-title":"Photoreception in the photosexual response of quail. I. Site of photoreceptor","volume":"225","author":"Oishi","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5932","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.13.5932","article-title":"Primary structures of chicken cone visual pigments: vertebrate rhodopsins have evolved out of cone visual pigments","volume":"89","author":"Okano","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1038\/372094a0","article-title":"Pinopsin is a chicken pineal photoreceptive molecule","volume":"372","author":"Okano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0555","first-page":"114","article-title":"Plasma testosterone and LH levels in male quail bearing hypothalamic lesions or radioluminous implants","volume":"28","author":"Oliver","year":"1979","journal-title":"Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0490333","article-title":"Effects of bilateral optic enucleation on body growth and gonad in young male chicks","volume":"49","author":"Ookawa","year":"1970","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0491531","article-title":"Some observations on behavior and reproductive organs in blinded chickens","volume":"49","author":"Ookawa","year":"1970","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00193466","article-title":"Pineal and retinal melatonin is involved in the control of circadian locomotor activity and body temperature rhythms in the pigeon","volume":"166","author":"Oshima","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1076848","article-title":"Melanopsin (Opn4) requirement for normal light-induced circadian phase shifting","volume":"298","author":"Panda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.3109\/07420529209064553","article-title":"Pinealectomy and LL abolished circadian perching rhythms but did not alter circannual reproductive or fattening rhythms in finches","volume":"9","author":"Pant","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2849","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0050","article-title":"The evolution of irradiance detection: melanopsin and the non-visual opsins","volume":"364","author":"Peirson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.1.340","article-title":"Melanopsin: an opsin in melanophores, brain, and eye","volume":"95","author":"Provencio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-02-00600.2000","article-title":"A novel human opsin in the inner retina","volume":"20","author":"Provencio","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0600","series-title":"Biological Rhythms","first-page":"232","article-title":"Light sensitivity of the biological clock","author":"Rani","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s10336-005-0005-9","article-title":"The pineal clock affects behavioural circadian rhythms but not photoperiodic induction in the Indian weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus)","volume":"146","author":"Rani","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Ornithol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S601","DOI":"10.1007\/s10336-007-0236-z","article-title":"Photoperiodism, pineal clock and seasonal reproduction in the Indian weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus)","volume":"148","author":"Rani","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ornithol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1080\/07420520902926009","article-title":"Synchronization of Indian weaver bird circadian rhythms to food and light zeitgebers: role of pineal","volume":"26","author":"Rani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chronobiol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2013.04.013","article-title":"Avian circannual systems: persistence and sex differences","volume":"190","author":"Rani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2004.10.003","article-title":"Attenuation of gonadal response to photostimulation following ablation of neurons in the lateral septal organ of chicks","volume":"64","author":"Rathinam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0630","first-page":"294","article-title":"Characterization of the day-night variation of retinal melatonin content in the chick","volume":"24","author":"Reppert","year":"1983","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000710105","article-title":"Effect of continuous green and red light illumination on gonadal response in the English sparrow, Passer domesticus (Linnaeus)","volume":"71","author":"Ringoen","year":"1942","journal-title":"Am. J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-01-00012.1988","article-title":"Circadian clock in the culture. I. Oscillation of melatonin release from dissociated chick pineal cells in flow-through micro carrier culture","volume":"8","author":"Robertson","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1979.59.3.449","article-title":"Neural regulations of circadian rhythms","volume":"59","author":"Rusak","year":"1979","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(94)90047-7","volume":"19","author":"Saldanha","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0655","first-page":"615","article-title":"Role of the eyes and superior cervical ganglia on the effects of light on the pineal and gonads of the Japanese quail","volume":"51","author":"Sayler","year":"1968","journal-title":"Arch. Anat. Hist. Embryol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0160090","article-title":"Light in relation to the experimental modification of the breeding season of turkeys","volume":"16","author":"Scott","year":"1937","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1159\/000121861","article-title":"Effect of hypothalamic lesions on gonadotrophin release in Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica","volume":"5","author":"Sharp","year":"1969","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0670","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00221754","article-title":"Coexpression of opsin- and VIP-like immunoreactivity in CSF-contacting neurons of the avian brain","volume":"253","author":"Silver","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0675","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2012.01.015","article-title":"Functional similarity in relation to the external environment between circadian behavioral and melatonin rhythms in the subtropical Indian weaver bird","volume":"61","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0680","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0532035","article-title":"Extraocular modification of photoreception in intact and pinealectomized Coturnix","volume":"53","author":"Siopes","year":"1974","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0685","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(97)00287-1","article-title":"A novel and ancient vertebrate opsin","volume":"406","author":"Soni","year":"1997","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0690","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/27794","article-title":"Novel retinal photoreceptors","volume":"394","author":"Soni","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0695","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00332663","article-title":"The role of the median eminence in control of photoperiodically induced testicular growth in the white-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii","volume":"93","author":"Stetson","year":"1969","journal-title":"Z. Zellforsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0700","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00306952","article-title":"Hypothalamic regulation of gonadotropin release in female Japanese quail","volume":"130","author":"Stetson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Z. Zellforsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0705","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22159","article-title":"Anatomical localization of the effects of reproductive state, castration, and social milieu on cells immunoreactive for gonadotropin-releasing hormone-I in male European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)","volume":"517","author":"Stevenson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0710","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Surbhi, Kumari, Y., Rani, S., Tsutsui, K., Kumar, V., 2015. Duration of melatonin regulates seasonal plasticity in subtropical Indian weaver bird, Ploceus philippinus, Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 220, 46\u201354.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.70030908.x","article-title":"Light-dependent expression of pinopsin gene in chicken pineal gland","volume":"70","author":"Takanaka","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0720","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(88)90169-1","article-title":"Isolation and sequence determination of the chicken rhodopsin gene","volume":"28","author":"Takao","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vision. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0725","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(03)01212-2","article-title":"Neuropsin (Opn5): a novel opsin identified in mammalian neural tissue","volume":"554","author":"Tarttelin","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0730","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.t01-1-00261.x","article-title":"An action spectrum for melatonin suppression: evidence for a novel non-rod, non-cone photoreceptor system in humans","volume":"535","author":"Thapan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0735","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20600","article-title":"A noncanonical photopigment, melanopsin, is expressed in the differentiating ganglion, horizontal, and bipolar cells of the chicken retina","volume":"234","author":"Tomonari","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0740","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.modgep.2007.06.001","article-title":"Expression pattern of the melanopsin-like (cOpn4m) and VA opsin-like genes in the developing chicken retina and neural tissues","volume":"7","author":"Tomonari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gene Expr. Patterns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0745","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.10.019","article-title":"Two isoforms of chicken melanopsins show blue light sensitivity","volume":"581","author":"Torii","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0750","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-9994-3-12","article-title":"Control of annual reproductive cycle in the subtropical house sparrow (Passer domesticus): evidence for conservation of photoperiodic control mechanisms in birds","volume":"3","author":"Trivedi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Front. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0755","first-page":"425","article-title":"Melatonin: an internal signal for daily and seasonal timing","volume":"52","author":"Trivedi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0760","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3350","article-title":"A novel avian hypothalamic peptide inhibiting gonadotropin release","volume":"275","author":"Tsutsui","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0765","series-title":"Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides. Section on Brain Peptides","first-page":"802","article-title":"Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone","author":"Tsutsui","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0770","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3052","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403840102","article-title":"Melatonin induces the expression of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone in the avian brain","volume":"102","author":"Ubuka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0775","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-1178","article-title":"Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone inhibits gonadal development and maintenance by decreasing gonadotropin synthesis and release in male quail","volume":"147","author":"Ubuka","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0780","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0983","article-title":"Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone neurons interact directly with gonadotropin-releasing hormone-I and-II neurons in European starling brain","volume":"149","author":"Ubuka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0785","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1126\/science.167.3916.298","article-title":"Photoperiodically significant photoreception in sparrows: is the retina involved?","volume":"167","author":"Underwood","year":"1970","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0790","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1126\/science.172.3980.293","article-title":"Photoreception in sparrows","volume":"172","author":"Underwood","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0795","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(84)90063-7","article-title":"Melatonin rhythms in the eyes, pineal bodies and blood of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","volume":"56","author":"Underwood","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0800","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/074873048800300402","article-title":"Does a biological clock reside in the eye of quail?","volume":"3","author":"Underwood","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00199485","article-title":"The circadian rhythm of thermoregulation in Japanese quail. I. Role of the eyes and pineal","volume":"175","author":"Underwood","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-117085","article-title":"A nonmammalian vertebrate model of blindness reveals functional photoreceptors in the inner retina","volume":"23","author":"Valdez","year":"2009","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5111","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-75301","article-title":"Early onset and differential temporospatial expression of melanopsin isoforms in the developing chicken retina","volume":"52","author":"Verra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0820","first-page":"623","article-title":"Comparision of pineal complex, retina and cerebrospinal fluid contacting neurons by immunocytochemical anti-rhodopsin reaction","volume":"94","author":"Vigh-Teichmann","year":"1980","journal-title":"Z. Mikrosk. Anat. Forsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00216748","article-title":"Light- and electron-microscopic demonstration of immunoreactive opsin in the pinealocytes of various vertebrates","volume":"221","author":"Vigh","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00210891","article-title":"Opsin immunoreactive outer segments and acetyl cholinesterase-positive neurons in the pineal complex of Phoxinus phoxinus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)","volume":"227","author":"Vigh-Teichmann","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00212223","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons, sensory pinealocytes and Landolt\u2019s clubs of the retina as revealed by means of an electronmicroscopic immunoreaction against opsin","volume":"233","author":"Vigh","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00335254","article-title":"Effect of hypothalamic implantation of testosterone on photostimulated testicular growth in Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica","volume":"124","author":"Wada","year":"1972","journal-title":"Z. Zellforsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(74)90087-2","article-title":"Effect of hypothalamic implantation of puromycin on photostimulated testicular growth in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","volume":"22","author":"Wada","year":"1974","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0850","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(98)00138-0","article-title":"Identification of rhodopsin in the pigeon deep brain","volume":"424","author":"Wada","year":"1998","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1126\/science.162.3850.230","article-title":"Molecular basis of visual excitation","volume":"162","author":"Wald","year":"1968","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.11.014","article-title":"Immunocytochemical study of rhodopsin-containing putative encephalic photoreceptors in house sparrow, Passer domesticus","volume":"170","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0865","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00326098","article-title":"The tubero-infundibular neuron system: a component of the photoperiodic control mechanism of the white-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii","volume":"82","author":"Wilson","year":"1967","journal-title":"Z. Zellforsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0870","series-title":"Aspects of Neuroendocrinology","first-page":"274","article-title":"The tubero-infundibular region of the hypothalamus. A focus of testosterone sensitivity in male Tree sparrow, Spizella arborea","author":"Wilson","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0875","series-title":"Neurobiology","first-page":"92","article-title":"Testosterone and aggressive behaviour during the reproductive cycles of male birds","author":"Wingfield","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0880","series-title":"Avian Biology IX","first-page":"163","article-title":"Endocrinology of reproduction in wild species","author":"Wingfield","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0885","first-page":"1733","article-title":"Effect of wavelength of light on growth and reproduction in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","volume":"47","author":"Woodard","year":"1968","journal-title":"Poultry Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0890","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4264","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0366","article-title":"Seasonal morphological changes in the neuro-glial interaction between gonadotropin-releasing hormone nerve terminals and glial endfeet in Japanese quail","volume":"145","author":"Yamamura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-005-0126-8","article-title":"T3 implantation mimics photoperiodically reduced encasement of nerve terminals by glial processes in the median eminence of Japanese quail","volume":"324","author":"Yamamura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0900","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22084","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1012498107","article-title":"Opn5 is a UV-sensitive bistable pigment that couples with Gi subtype of G protein","volume":"107","author":"Yamashita","year":"2010","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00220683","article-title":"Hypothalamic and hormonal control of the photoperiodically induced vernal functions in the white-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii. I. The effects of hypothalamic lesions and exogenous hormones","volume":"174","author":"Yokoyama","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00209132","article-title":"The sites of encephalic photoreception in photoperiodic induction of the growth of the testes in the white-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii","volume":"189","author":"Yokoyama","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02117","article-title":"Light-induced hormone conversion of T4 to T3 regulates photoperiodic response of gonads in birds","volume":"426","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-0186(92)90122-8","article-title":"Regulatory mechanisms in melatonin biosynthesis in retina","volume":"20","author":"Zawilska","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001_b0925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.2.999","article-title":"The pineal gland: a pacemaker within the circadian system of the house sparrow","volume":"76","author":"Zimmerman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."}],"container-title":["General and Comparative Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016648014002329?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016648014002329?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T13:48:36Z","timestamp":1716817716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016648014002329"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"references-count":185,"alternative-id":["S0016648014002329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-6480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-6480","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Avian photoreceptors and their role in the regulation of daily and seasonal physiology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.06.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}