{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T11:26:17Z","timestamp":1790767577234,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559692800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":308,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NH00624"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NH00624"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006788","name":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006788","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019491","name":"New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSF IOS-1257476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF IOS-1257476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["General and Comparative Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]],"date-time":"2017-10-27T14:45:10Z","timestamp":1509115510000},"page":"3-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Landmark discoveries in elucidating the origins of the hypothalamic-pituitary system from the perspective of a basal vertebrate, sea lamprey"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"264","author":[{"given":"Stacia A.","family":"Sower","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440601123529","article-title":"The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in fish and its role in fish development and reproduction","volume":"37","author":"Blanton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-015-2146-4","article-title":"Extracting phylogenetic signal and accounting for bias in whole-genome data sets support the Ctenopora as sister to remaining Metazoa","volume":"16","author":"Borowiec","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-13-4-670","article-title":"Molecular basis of the specificity of binding of glycoprotein hormones to their receptors","volume":"13","author":"Combarnous","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.04.024","article-title":"Effects of lamprey PQRFamide peptides on brain gonadotropin-releasing hormone concentrations and pituitary gonadotropin-beta mRNA expression","volume":"177","author":"Daukss","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2005.10.014","article-title":"Role of corticotropin-releasing hormone as a thyrotropin-releasing factor in non-mammalian vertebrates","volume":"146","author":"De Groef","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2013.05.020","article-title":"Insight from the lamprey genome: glimpsing early vertebrate development via neuroendocrine-associated genes and shared synteny of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)","volume":"192","author":"Decatur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10385","article-title":"Distribution of thyrotropin-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in the brain of larval and adult sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus L.","volume":"453","author":"Del Carmen De Andres","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385979-2.00007-1","article-title":"Neuroendocrinology of amphibian metamorphosis","volume":"103","author":"Denver","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3815","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1743","article-title":"Distinct expression patterns of glycoprotein hormone-alpha2 and -beta5 in a basal chordate suggest independent developmental functions","volume":"150","author":"Dos Santos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.10.009","article-title":"CRH peptide evolution occurred in three phases: Evidence from characterizing sea lamprey CRH system members","volume":"240","author":"Endsin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0055","first-page":"554","article-title":"Evolution of the early vertebrates","volume":"82","author":"Forey","year":"1994","journal-title":"Amer. Scient."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.1.02064","article-title":"Identification and cloning of a glycoprotein hormone receptor from sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus","volume":"37","author":"Freamat","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.25.1037","article-title":"Glycoprotein hormone receptors in the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus","volume":"25","author":"Freamat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zoolog Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1677\/JME-08-0030","article-title":"A sea lamprey glycoprotein hormone receptor similar with gnathostome thyrotropin hormone receptor","volume":"41","author":"Freamat","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icq045","article-title":"Functional divergence of glycoprotein hormone receptors","volume":"50","author":"Freamat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1150","article-title":"Architecture of GnRH-Gonadotrope-Vasculature Reveals a Dual Mode of Gonadotropin Regulation in Fish","volume":"156","author":"Golan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2013.00088","article-title":"Expression of three GnRH receptors in specific tissues in male and female sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus at three distinct life stages","volume":"7","author":"Hall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0090","series-title":"The Biology of Lampreys","author":"Hardisty","year":"1971"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0095","unstructured":"Hausken, K.N., Marquis, T.J., Sower, S.A., Submitted. Expression of Two Glycoprotein Hormone Receptors in Larval, Parasitic Phase, and Adult Sea Lampreys. Gen Comp Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0100","unstructured":"Hausken, K.N., Tizon, B., Marquis, T.J., Shpilman, M., Barton, S.L., Decatur, W.A., Plachetzki, D.C., Kavanaugh, S.I., Freamat, M., Levavi-Sivan, B., Sower, S.A., 2017. Cloning and Characterization of sea lamprey thyrostimulin, a novel pituitary glycoprotein hormone, 18th International Congress of Comparative Endocrinology, Chateau Lake Louise, Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19379","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010350107","article-title":"microRNAs reveal the interrelationships of hagfish, lampreys, and gnathostomes and the nature of the ancestral vertebrate","volume":"107","author":"Heimberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1006\/gcen.1995.1094","article-title":"The appearance of proopiomelanocortin early in vertebrate evolution: cloning and sequencing of POMC from a Lamprey pituitary cDNA library","volume":"99","author":"Heinig","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0115","first-page":"125","article-title":"Gene duplications and the origins of vertebrate development","author":"Holland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dev. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19137","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1014583107","article-title":"microRNAs revive old views about jawless vertebrate divergence and evolution","volume":"107","author":"Janvier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3345","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1217","article-title":"Molecular cloning and pharmacological characterization of two novel GnRH receptors in the lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)","volume":"153","author":"Joseph","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3860","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0184","article-title":"Origins of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) in Vertebrates: Identification of a Novel GnRH in a Basal Vertebrate, the Sea Lamprey","volume":"149","author":"Kavanaugh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2005.10.011","article-title":"The dawn and evolution of hormones in the adenohypophysis","volume":"148","author":"Kawauchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4916","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220810","article-title":"Identification of growth hormone in the sea lamprey, an extant representative of a group of the most ancient vertebrates","volume":"143","author":"Kawauchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00221732","article-title":"Neuronal systems immunoreactive with antiserum to lamprey gonadotropin- releasing hormone in the brain of Petromyzon marinus","volume":"253","author":"King","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.134.1.8275964","article-title":"Characterization and localization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors in the adult female sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus","volume":"134","author":"Knox","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2009.12.001","article-title":"A role of Histidine151 in the lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor-1 (lGnRHR-1): Functional insight of diverse amino acid residues in the position of Tyr of the DRY motif in GnRHR from an ancestral type II receptor","volume":"166","author":"Kosugi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(88)90104-9","article-title":"Arginine vasotocin from the pituitary gland of the lamprey (Petromyzon marinus): isolation and amino acid sequence","volume":"70","author":"Lane","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0165","first-page":"131","article-title":"Distribution of thyrostimulin in the rat: an immunohistochemical study","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr. Regul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marquis, T.J., Nozaki, M., Fagerberg, W., Sower, S.A., 2017. Comprehensive histological and immunological studies reveal a novel glycoprotein hormone and thyrostimulin expressing proto-glycotrope in the sea lamprey pituitary. Cell Tissue Res 367, 311-338. Highlighted in: Biomedical Advances, Editor's Picks, August 2017.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-016-2502-y"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-016-2502-y","article-title":"Comprehensive histological and immunological studies reveal a novel glycoprotein hormone and thyrostimulin expressing proto-glycotrope in the sea lamprey pituitary","volume":"367","author":"Marquis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0180","first-page":"743","article-title":"Characterization of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone binding sites in the pituitary and gonads of the sexually maturing adult lamprey","volume":"1","author":"Materne","year":"1997","journal-title":"XIII Int. Congr. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0002","article-title":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors","volume":"25","author":"Millar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0214340","article-title":"Thyrostimulin, a heterodimer of two new human glycoprotein hormone subunits, activates the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor","volume":"109","author":"Nakabayashi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.b.21293","article-title":"Conflict and resolution between phylogenies inferred from molecular and phenotypic data sets for hagfish, lampreys, and gnathostomes","volume":"312","author":"Near","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool. B. Mol. Dev. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0200","unstructured":"Nozaki, M., Sower, S.A., 2016. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal Endocrine System in the Hagfish. Chapt 9, pg 227-256, In: Hagfish Biology, Editors Suan L. Edwards and Greg G. Goss, CRC Press"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1006\/gcen.1994.1194","article-title":"Diffusion between the neurohypophysis and the adenohypophysis of lampreys, Petromyzon marinus","volume":"96","author":"Nozaki","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0210","series-title":"Evolution by gene duplication","author":"Ohno","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2005-0270","article-title":"A glycoprotein hormone expressed in corticotrophs exhibits unique binding properties on thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor","volume":"20","author":"Okada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2008.03662.x","article-title":"Neuroendocrine regulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion in amphibians","volume":"1163","author":"Okada","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2006.05187.x","article-title":"Evolutionary origin and divergence of PQRFamide peptides and LPXRFamide peptides in the RFamide peptide family: Insights from novel lamprey RFamide peptides","volume":"273","author":"Osugi","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-2046","article-title":"Evolutionary origin of the structure and function of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone: insights from lampreys","volume":"153","author":"Osugi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1385\/ENDO:26:3:267","article-title":"Conservation of the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone subunit family proteins and the LGR signaling system from nematodes to humans","volume":"26","author":"Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.06.007","article-title":"Ancient origins of metazoan gonadotropin-releasing hormone and their receptors revealed by phylogenomic analyses","volume":"234","author":"Plachetzki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000064117","article-title":"The Spatial Relationship of gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Neurons and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neurons in Larval and Adult Sea Lamprey, Petromyzon marinus","volume":"60","author":"Reed","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2014.07.025","article-title":"GnRH receptors and peptides: skating backward","volume":"209","author":"Roch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1159\/000081354","article-title":"In situ characterization of gonadotropin- releasing hormone-I, -III, and glutamic acid decarboxylase expression in the brain of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus","volume":"65","author":"Root","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4812","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)89177-9","article-title":"Primary structure of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from lamprey brain","volume":"261","author":"Sherwood","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2004.07.011","article-title":"Cloning and analysis of the lamprey GnRH-III cDNA from eight species of lamprey representing the three families of Petromyzoniformes","volume":"139","author":"Silver","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.1.02005","article-title":"Functional characterization and kinetic studies of an ancestral lamprey GnRH-III selective type II GnRH receptor from the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus","volume":"36","author":"Silver","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3351","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0305","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of a functional type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor with a lengthy carboxy-terminal tail from an ancestral vertebrate, the sea lamprey","volume":"146","author":"Silver","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.184135.114","article-title":"The sea lamprey meiotic map improves resolution of ancient vertebrate genome duplications","volume":"25","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2568","article-title":"Sequencing of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) genome provides insights into vertebrate evolution","volume":"45","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Gen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/S0380-1330(03)70477-8","article-title":"The endocrinology of reproduction in lampreys and applications for male lamprey sterilization","volume":"29","author":"Sower","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Great Lakes Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3882","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1778","article-title":"Breaking Dogma on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Anatomical Relations in Vertebrates","volume":"156","author":"Sower","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0300","series-title":"Lampreys: Biology, Conservation and Control","first-page":"305","article-title":"The Reproductive Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis in Lampreys","author":"Sower","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402350312","article-title":"Steroid and thyroid hormone profiles following a single injection of partly purified salmon gonadotropin or GnRH analogues in male and female sea lamprey","volume":"235","author":"Sower","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.132.3.8440174","article-title":"Primary structure and biological activity of a third gonadotropin-releasing hormone from lamprey brain","volume":"132","author":"Sower","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2017.04.012","article-title":"A lamprey view on the origins of neuroendocrine regulation of the thyroid axis","author":"Sower","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.136.1.7828551","article-title":"A novel glycoprotein in the olfactory and pituitary systems of larval and adult lampreys","volume":"136","author":"Sower","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2005.11.009","article-title":"Identification of sea lamprey GTHbeta-like cDNA and its evolutionary implications","volume":"148","author":"Sower","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2008.11.023","article-title":"The origins of the vertebrate hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) endocrine systems: new insights from lampreys","volume":"161","author":"Sower","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3026","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1797","article-title":"Emergence of an Ancestral Glycoprotein Hormone in the Pituitary of the Sea Lamprey, a Basal Vertebrate","volume":"156","author":"Sower","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3596","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0317","article-title":"Heterodimeric fly glycoprotein hormone-alpha2 (GPA2) and glycoprotein hormone-beta5 (GPB5) activate fly leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor-1 (DLGR1) and stimulation of human thyrotropin receptors by chimeric fly GPA2 and human GPB5","volume":"146","author":"Sudo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0240365","article-title":"Multiple transcripts encoding lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone-I precursors","volume":"24","author":"Suzuki","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3011.1995.tb00589.x","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of melanotropins from lamprey pituitary glands","volume":"46","author":"Takahashi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. J. Pept. Protein. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2158","article-title":"Melanotropin and corticotropin are encoded on two distinct genes in the lamprey, the earliest evolved extant vertebrate","volume":"213","author":"Takahashi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00318482","article-title":"Distribution of lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone-III (GnRH-III) in brains of larval lampreys (Petromyzon marinus)","volume":"279","author":"Tobet","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19961202)376:1<97::AID-CNE6>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Relationship of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons to the olfactory system in developing lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)","volume":"376","author":"Tobet","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(97)00229-3","article-title":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone containing neurons and olfactory fibers during development: from lamprey to mammals","volume":"44","author":"Tobet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0375","first-page":"21","article-title":"Neurohypophysis of cyclostomes as a primitive hypothalamic center of vertebrates","volume":"5","author":"Tsuneki","year":"1988","journal-title":"Zool. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-6480(75)90160-4","article-title":"Ultrastructure of the anterior neurohypophysis and the pars distalis of the lamprey, Lampetra tridentata","volume":"25","author":"Tsuneki","year":"1975","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3350","article-title":"A novel avian hypothalamic peptide inhibiting gonadotropin release","volume":"275","author":"Tsutsui","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0390","article-title":"Review: Structure, function and evolution of GnIH","author":"Tsutsui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0395","article-title":"Co-localization of three gonadotropin-releasing hormone transcripts in larval, parasitic, and adult sea lamprey brains","author":"Van Gulick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0307968100","article-title":"Major events in the genome evolution of vertebrates: paranome age and size differ considerably between ray-finned fishes and land vertebrates","volume":"101","author":"Vandepoele","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1139\/z94-008","article-title":"Distribution of lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the brain and pituitary gland of larval, metamorphic, and adult sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus","volume":"72","author":"Wright","year":"1994","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90264-1","article-title":"Thyrotropin-releasing hormone in lamprey central nervous system","volume":"338","author":"Youngs","year":"1985","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0415","series-title":"Fifth International Symposium on Reproductive Physiology of Fish","first-page":"83","article-title":"Concentration of gonadotropin-releasing hormones in brain of larval and metamorphosing lampreys of two species with different adult life histories","author":"Youson","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402590316","article-title":"Concentration of brain gonadotropin-releasing hormone during metamorphosis in the lamprey, Petromyzon marinus","volume":"259","author":"Youson","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-4959(01)00341-4","article-title":"Theory on the evolutionary history of lamprey metamorphosis: role of reproductive and thyroid axes","volume":"129","author":"Youson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. Biochem. Mol. Biol."}],"container-title":["General and Comparative Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016648017306482?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016648017306482?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T10:07:29Z","timestamp":1762164449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016648017306482"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":85,"alternative-id":["S0016648017306482"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-6480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-6480","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Landmark discoveries in elucidating the origins of the hypothalamic-pituitary system from the perspective of a basal vertebrate, sea lamprey","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"General and Comparative Endocrinology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.10.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}