{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:05:57Z","timestamp":1791201957056,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hormones and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,7]],"date-time":"2008-01-07T07:17:23Z","timestamp":1199690243000},"page":"452-462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Baboon sexual swellings: Information content of size and color"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"James P.","family":"Higham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann M.","family":"MacLarnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Heistermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Semple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.2307\/20094180","article-title":"The pregnancy sign in savannah baboons","volume":"4","author":"Altmann","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Zoo Anim. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1017\/S1464793103006158","article-title":"The use of multiple cues in mate choice","volume":"78","author":"Candolin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1006\/hbeh.1999.1545","article-title":"The display of proceptive behaviors in relation to urinary and fecal progestin levels over the ovarian cycle in female tufted capuchin monkeys","volume":"36","author":"Carosi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib5","series-title":"Growing Points in Ethology","first-page":"195","article-title":"Evolutionary rules and primate societies","author":"Clutton-Brock","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164482421003","article-title":"Use of the binomial theorem in interpreting results of multiple tests of significance","volume":"42","author":"Cross","year":"1982","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Meas."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/7.2.132","article-title":"The function of long tails in female barn swallows (Hirundo rustica): an experimental study","volume":"7","author":"Cuervo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/015018a0","article-title":"Sexual selection in relation to monkeys","volume":"15","author":"Darwin","year":"1876","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2004.03.013","article-title":"Female sexual swelling size, timing of ovulation and male behavior in wild West African chimpanzees","volume":"46","author":"Deschner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.2003.2210","article-title":"Timing and probability of ovulation in relation to sex skin swelling in wild West African chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus","volume":"66","author":"Deschner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib59","article-title":"Primate Sexuality: Comparative Studies of the Prosimians, Monkeys, Apes, and Human Beings","author":"Dixson","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1038\/35065597","article-title":"Sexual swellings advertise female quality in wild baboons","volume":"410","author":"Domb","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-003-0648-6","article-title":"Size of sexual swellings reflects ovarian function in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)","volume":"54","author":"Emery","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2004.09.007","article-title":"Female sexual behaviour, but not sex skin swelling, reliably indicates the timing of the fertile phase in wild long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)","volume":"47","author":"Engelhardt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2003.09.006","article-title":"Assessment of female reproductive status by male longtailed macaques, Macaca fascicularus, under natural conditions","volume":"67","author":"Engelhardt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2006.06.009","article-title":"Post-conception mating in wild long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis): characterization, endocrine correlates and functional significance","volume":"51","author":"Engelhardt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2328","article-title":"Optimal assessment of multiple cues","volume":"270","author":"Fawcett","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. Lond., B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib18","first-page":"143","article-title":"Overview of the biological aspects of the fertile period","volume":"26","author":"France","year":"1981","journal-title":"Int. J. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2345(1999)47:1<67::AID-AJP8>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Reproductive parameters and paracallosal skin color changes in captive female guinea baboons, Papio papio","volume":"47","author":"Gauthier","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2345(200102)53:2<79::AID-AJP3>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Formal method for objective assessment of primate colour","volume":"53","author":"Gerald","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2006.08.010","article-title":"Mechanisms of sexual selection: sexual swellings and estrogen concentrations as fertility indicators and cues for male consort decisions in wild baboons","volume":"51","author":"Gesquiere","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-26-6-1072","article-title":"The effect of multiple injections of progesterone on the turgescent perineum of the baboon (Papio porcarius)","volume":"26","author":"Gillmann","year":"1940","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib23","first-page":"1","article-title":"The reproductive cycle of the chacma baboon with special reference to the problem of menstrual irregularities as assessed by the behaviour of the sex skin","volume":"11","author":"Gillmann","year":"1946","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib24","first-page":"115","article-title":"Pregnancy in the baboon (Papio ursinus)","volume":"16","author":"Gillmann","year":"1951","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02735782","article-title":"Female perineal swelling and its effects on male sexual arousal: an apparent sexual releaser in the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus)","volume":"3","author":"Girolami","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib26","series-title":"Primate Paternalism","first-page":"303","article-title":"Significance of paternal investment by primates to the evolution of adult male-female associations","author":"Hamilton","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib27","series-title":"Dominance and Reproduction in Baboons","author":"Hausfater","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.1350370402","article-title":"Assessment of female reproductive status in the Hanuman langur (Presbytis entellus) by measurement of urinary and fecal steroid excretion patterns","volume":"37","author":"Heistermann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib60","first-page":"2445","article-title":"Loss of oestrus, concealed ovulation and paternity confusion in free-ranging Hanuman langurs. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B","volume":"268","author":"Heistermann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib29","series-title":"Embryology of the Baboon","author":"Hendrickx","year":"1971"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib30","unstructured":"Higham, J.P., 2006. The reproductive ecology of female olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) at Gashaka-Gumti National Park, Nigeria. PhD Thesis. London: Roehampton University."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.06.003","article-title":"Reduced reproductive function in wild olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) related to natural consumption of the African black plum (Vitex doniana)","volume":"52","author":"Higham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib32","series-title":"Field and Laboratory Methods in Primatology","first-page":"282","article-title":"Field Endocrinology: monitoring hormonal changes in free-ranging primates","author":"Hodges","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib33","series-title":"The Women That Never Evolved","author":"Hrdy","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1996.0026","article-title":"Multiple displays in animal communication: \u2018backup signals\u2019 and \u2018multiple messages\u2019","volume":"351","author":"Johnstone","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib61","series-title":"Ovulation: methods for its prediction and detection. Chichester","author":"Jeffcoate","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib62","series-title":"Ovulation: Methods for its Prediction and Detection","first-page":"67","article-title":"Use of rapid hormone assays in the prediction of ovulation","author":"Jeffcoate","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1038\/218746a0","article-title":"Pheromones in the communication of sexual status in primates","volume":"218","author":"Michael","year":"1968","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20161","article-title":"Patterns of anogenital swelling size and their endocrine correlates during ovulatory cycles and early pregnancy in free-ranging Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) of Gibraltar","volume":"66","author":"M\u00f6hle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/37.6.838","article-title":"Relationship of serum estradiol and progesterone concentrations to the excretion profiles of their major urinary metabolites as measured by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay","volume":"37","author":"Munro","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1999.1159","article-title":"The evolution of exaggerated sexual swellings in primates and the graded signal hypothesis","volume":"58","author":"Nunn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/12.5.646","article-title":"Do exaggerated sexual swellings function in female mating competition in primates? A comparative test of the reliable indicator hypothesis","volume":"12","author":"Nunn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib40","first-page":"1","article-title":"The evolution of conspicuous oestrus advertisment in Old World monkeys","volume":"27","author":"Pagel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20228","article-title":"Perinealswelling, intermenstrual cycle, and female sexual behavior in bonobos (Pan paniscus)","volume":"68","author":"Paoli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(98)00114-6","article-title":"Monitoring ovarian cycle and pregnancy in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) by faecal progestogen and oestrogen analysis","volume":"53","author":"Patzl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib43","series-title":"Primates in Nature","author":"Richard","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000155283","article-title":"The menstrual cycle and sexual behaviour in a troop of free-ranging chacma baboons (Papio ursinus)","volume":"12","author":"Saayman","year":"1970","journal-title":"Folia Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.1062","article-title":"Information content of female copulation calls in yellow baboons","volume":"56","author":"Semple","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arh027","article-title":"Sexual swelling in mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx): a test of the reliable indicator hypothesis","volume":"15","author":"Setchell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1159\/000080208","article-title":"Nigerian chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes vellerosus) at Gashaka: two years of habituation efforts","volume":"75","author":"Sommer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Folia Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.1350030106","article-title":"Variations in fecundity with age and environment in olive baboons (Papio anubis)","volume":"3","author":"Strum","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib50","series-title":"Infanticide by Males and its Implications","first-page":"361","article-title":"Paternity confusion and the ovarian cycles of female primates","author":"van Schaik","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1010213","article-title":"Excretion rates and metabolites of oestradiol and progesterone in baboon (Papio cynocephalus cynocephalus) faeces","volume":"101","author":"Wasser","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arl001","article-title":"Female-specific color is a signal of quality in the striped plateau lizard (Sceloporus virgatus)","volume":"17","author":"Weiss","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512073332301","article-title":"Timing of sexual intercourse in relation to ovulation \u2014 effects on the probability of conception, survival of the pregnancy, and sex of the baby","volume":"333","author":"Wilcox","year":"1995","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02383104","article-title":"Correlation of perineal swelling with serum ovarian hormone levels, vaginal cytology, and ovarian follicular development during the baboon reproductive cycle","volume":"18","author":"Wildt","year":"1977","journal-title":"Primates"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2345(200006)51:2<119::AID-AJP2>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Hormonal correlates of reproductive seasonality in wild female Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus)","volume":"51","author":"Ziegler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1038\/420142a","article-title":"Evolutionary biology \u2014 significance of primate sexual swellings","volume":"420","author":"Zinner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib57","series-title":"Sexual Selection in Primates: New and Comparative Perspectives","first-page":"71","article-title":"Sexual selection and exaggerated sexual swellings of female primates","author":"Zinner","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0010430","article-title":"Observations on the secondary sexual charactersistics in monkeys","volume":"1","author":"Zuckerman","year":"1939","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."}],"container-title":["Hormones and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0018506X07002887?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0018506X07002887?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T00:27:20Z","timestamp":1758068840000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0018506X07002887"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0018506X07002887"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-506X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-506X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Baboon sexual swellings: Information content of size and color","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Hormones and Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.11.019","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}