{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:56:11Z","timestamp":1781657771643,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jmmc-online.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T23:24:15Z","timestamp":1778282655000},"page":"13-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Heartbeats and hidden codes: Decoding cardiac aging with multi-omics and computational approaches"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"216","author":[{"given":"Smin L.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10506","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00902-X","article-title":"Epidemiological and demographic trends and projections in global health from 1970 to 2050: a descriptive analysis from the third Lancet commission on investing in health, Global Health 2050","volume":"406","author":"Chang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.246876","article-title":"The intersection between aging and cardiovascular disease","volume":"110","author":"North","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add6155","article-title":"The metabolomics of human aging: advances, challenges, and opportunities","volume":"8","author":"Panyard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI158448","article-title":"Connecting aging biology and inflammation in the omics era","volume":"132","author":"Walker","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13201683","article-title":"Cardiac aging in the multi-omics era: high-throughput sequencing insights","volume":"13","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.111469","article-title":"Decoding aging in the heart via single cell dual omics of non-cardiomyocytes","volume":"27","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0035","first-page":"1386","article-title":"Multi-omics analysis reveals metabolic disruptions in cardiac tissues of aging nonhuman primates with spontaneous type 2 diabetes","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-120417-031247","article-title":"Power in numbers: single-cell RNA-Seq strategies to dissect complex tissues","volume":"52","author":"Birnbaum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genet."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1315","article-title":"mRNA-Seq whole-transcriptome analysis of a single cell","volume":"6","author":"Tang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"7561","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14590","article-title":"Single-cell chromatin accessibility reveals principles of regulatory variation","volume":"523","author":"Buenrostro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6409","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau0730","article-title":"Joint profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression in thousands of single cells","volume":"361","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-024-02201-0","article-title":"scGPT: toward building a foundation model for single-cell multi-omics using generative AI","volume":"21","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-024-02235-4","article-title":"Assessing GPT-4 for cell type annotation in single-cell RNA-seq analysis","volume":"21","author":"Hou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-022-00534-z","article-title":"scBERT as a large-scale pretrained deep language model for cell type annotation of single-cell RNA-seq data","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"7965","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06139-9","article-title":"Transfer learning enables predictions in network biology","volume":"618","author":"Theodoris","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvab161","article-title":"Senescence mechanisms and targets in the heart","volume":"118","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0085","article-title":"Epigenetic dysregulation in cardiovascular aging and disease","volume":"1","author":"Herman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-023-01467-z","article-title":"Distinguishable DNA methylation defines a cardiac-specific epigenetic clock","volume":"15","author":"Mongelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2484","article-title":"RNA-Seq: a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00037.2021","article-title":"Age-dependent transcriptional alterations in cardiac endothelial cells","volume":"53","author":"Emechebe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiol. Genomics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-021-00091-x","article-title":"Altered chromatin states drive cryptic transcription in aging mammalian stem cells","volume":"1","author":"McCauley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-023-00384-3","article-title":"Spurious intragenic transcription is a feature of mammalian cellular senescence and tissue aging","volume":"3","author":"Sen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Aging"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2023.06.006","article-title":"Mammalian aging driven by transcription going awry","volume":"39","author":"McCauley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Genet."},{"issue":"7620","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19949","article-title":"Mass-spectrometric exploration of proteome structure and function","volume":"537","author":"Aebersold","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2023.100706","article-title":"Remodeling of the cardiac extracellular matrix proteome during chronological and pathological aging","volume":"23","author":"Santinha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteomics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2025.10.016","article-title":"A metabolic atlas of mouse aging","volume":"38","author":"Pilley","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0605-1","article-title":"Cell type prioritization in single-cell data","volume":"39","author":"Skinnider","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060301","article-title":"Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes reveal cell-nonautonomous functions of oncogenic RAS and the p53 tumor suppressor","volume":"6","author":"Coppe","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00727-x","article-title":"The senescence-associated secretory phenotype and its physiological and pathological implications","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0292-x","article-title":"CellPhoneDB: inferring cell-cell communication from combined expression of multi-subunit ligand-receptor complexes","volume":"15","author":"Efremova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21246-9","article-title":"Inference and analysis of cell-cell communication using CellChat","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0667-5","article-title":"NicheNet: modeling intercellular communication by linking ligands to target genes","volume":"17","author":"Browaeys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4380","article-title":"Simultaneous epitope and transcriptome measurement in single cells","volume":"14","author":"Stoeckius","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2025.100910","article-title":"Single-cell proteomics reveals specific cellular subtypes in cardiomyocytes derived from human iPSCs and adult hearts","volume":"24","author":"Ai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteomics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00026.2023","article-title":"Proteomics of the heart","volume":"104","author":"Karpov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biophys-021424-011450","article-title":"Single-cell proteomic technologies: tools in the quest for principles","volume":"55","author":"Slavov","year":"2026","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biophys."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1215-1","article-title":"Multi-omics approaches to disease","volume":"18","author":"Hasin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-128","article-title":"Enrichr: interactive and collaborative HTML5 gene list enrichment analysis tool","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC. Bioinformatics."},{"issue":"6594","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abl5197","article-title":"Cross-tissue immune cell analysis reveals tissue-specific features in humans","volume":"376","author":"Dominguez Conde","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6723","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ado9336","article-title":"Sequence modeling and design from molecular to genome scale with evo","volume":"386","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7112","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2021.3095381","article-title":"ProtTrans: toward understanding the language of life through self-supervised learning","volume":"44","author":"Elnaggar","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2016239118","article-title":"Biological structure and function emerge from scaling unsupervised learning to 250 million protein sequences","volume":"118","author":"Rives","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0215","article-title":"CellAgent: an LLM-driven multi-agent framework for automated single-cell data analysis","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.131092","article-title":"Transcriptional heterogeneity of fibroblasts is a hallmark of the aging heart","volume":"4","author":"Vidal","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18324","article-title":"Insights gained from single-cell RNA analysis of murine endothelial cells in aging hearts","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15997-0","article-title":"A single-cell transcriptomic landscape of primate arterial aging","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.327060","article-title":"Vascular niches are the primary hotspots in cardiac aging","volume":"137","author":"Rodriguez Morales","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RP94794","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.94794","article-title":"Cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous effects of arginase 2 on cardiac aging","volume":"13","author":"Potenza","year":"2025","journal-title":"eLife"}],"container-title":["Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022282826000647?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022282826000647?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:47:51Z","timestamp":1781657271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022282826000647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0022282826000647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2828"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2828","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Heartbeats and hidden codes: Decoding cardiac aging with multi-omics and computational approaches","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2026.05.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}