{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:55:55Z","timestamp":1790614555713,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T11:05:59Z","timestamp":1585739159000},"page":"63-71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A 3D polydimethylsiloxane microhourglass-shaped channel array made by reflowing photoresist structures for engineering a blood capillary network"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"190","author":[{"given":"Hoon Suk","family":"Rho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henk-Willem","family":"Veltkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Gardeniers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9verine","family":"Le Gac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Habibovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.27.001281","article-title":"Technique for monolithic fabrication of microlens arrays","author":"Popovic","year":"1988","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/22\/4\/045002","article-title":"Fabrication of a uniform microlens array over a large area using self-aligned diffuser lithography (SADL)","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Micromechanics Microengineering."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.T. Vinna, J.L. Hsieh, G.D.J.Su Hsieh, Design and fabrication of long focal length microlens arrays, in: NEMS 2011 - 6th IEEE Int. Conf. Nano\/Micro Eng. Mol. Syst., 2011. Doi: 10.1109\/NEMS.2011.6017357.","DOI":"10.1049\/mnl.2011.0132"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.6.000613","article-title":"Fabrication of micro lenses using electron-beam lithography","author":"Fujita","year":"1981","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/24\/2\/025013","article-title":"Tilted microlens fabrication method using two photoresists with different melting temperatures","author":"Hung","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Micromechanics Microeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0030","article-title":"Photoresist reflow method of microlens production Part I: background and experiments","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2002","journal-title":"Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s40684-015-0027-6","article-title":"Geometry modulation of microlens array using spin coating and evaporation processes of photoresist mixture","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. - Green Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/b516975e","article-title":"Biomimetic design of microfluidic manifolds based on a generalised Murray\u2019s law","author":"Emerson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-007-9123-x","article-title":"Fabrication of a multiple-diameter branched network of microvascular channels with semi-circular cross-sections using xenon difluoride etching","author":"Camp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomed. Microdevices."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-012-9667-2","article-title":"Microfabrication of cylindrical microfluidic channel networks for microvascular research","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomed. Microdevices."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200400595","article-title":"Rapid prototyping of microstructures with bell-shaped cross-sections and its application to deformation-based microfluidic valves","author":"Futai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0060","article-title":"Monolithic microfabricated valves and pumps by multilayer soft lithography","volume":"80","author":"Unger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012412916446","article-title":"A microfabricated rotary pump","author":"Chou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biomed. Microdevices."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.86.4163","article-title":"Dynamic pattern formation in a vesicle-generating microfluidic device","author":"Thorsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/c1lc20560a","article-title":"Rounded multi-level microchannels with orifices made in one exposure enable aqueous two-phase system droplet microfluidics","author":"Lai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/b719029h","article-title":"Shrinky-dink microfluidics: 3D polystyrene chips","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C5LC00021A","article-title":"Artery-on-a-chip platform for automated, multimodal assessment of cerebral blood vessel structure and function","author":"Yasotharan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C6LC00380J","article-title":"Bioprinted thrombosis-on-a-chip","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C6LC00001K","article-title":"Elastomeric free-form blood vessels for interconnecting organs on chip systems","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/c004675b","article-title":"A microfluidic platform for probing small artery structure and function","author":"G\u00fcnther","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10404-010-0570-y","article-title":"A rapid and simple fabrication method for 3-dimensional circular microfluidic channel using metal wire removal process","author":"Song","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microfluid. Nanofluidics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0110","article-title":"Hydrogel\/poly-dimethylsiloxane hybrid bioreactor facilitating 3D cell culturing","author":"Schurink","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B Microelectron. Nanom. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.T. Seo, C.H. Bae, D.S. Eun, J.K. Shin, J.H. Lee, Fabrication of circular-type microChannel using photoresist reflow and isotropic etching for microfluidic devices, Japanese J. Appl. Physics, Part 1 Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap., 2004. doi: 10.1143\/JJAP.43.7773.","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.43.7773"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/b920062b","article-title":"Three-dimensional Mach-Zehnder interferometer in a microfluidic chip for spatially-resolved label-free detection","author":"Crespi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0125","article-title":"3D sugar printing of networks mimicking the vasculature","author":"Pollet","year":"2020","journal-title":"Micromachines."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R.C. Jaeger, Microelectronic fabrication, IEEE Potentials, 1987. Doi: 10.1109\/MP.1987.6500929.","DOI":"10.1109\/MP.1987.6500929"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/19\/7\/074014","article-title":"Vertically tapered layers for optical applications fabricated using resist reflow","author":"Emadi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Micromechanics Microengineering."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T.Y. Chang, C.H. Hung, P. Sen Chang, M.H. Yeh, H. Yang, Asymmetric focusing microlens array fabricated using off-axis lithography, in: Microsyst. Technol., 2013. Doi: 10.1007\/s00542-013-1745-8.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-013-1745-8"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mee.2013.10.025","article-title":"Rapid fabrication of semiellipsoid microlens using thermal reflow with two different photoresists","author":"Lian","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microelectron. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Mekaru, Relationship between aspect ratio and narrowing of reflowed photoresist structures, in: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 2015. Doi: 10.7567\/JJAP.54.06FM01.","DOI":"10.7567\/JJAP.54.06FM01"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00542-014-2389-z","article-title":"Influence of residual layer on cross-sectional shape of thermal-reflowed photoresist structures","author":"Mekaru","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microsyst. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/b903755a","article-title":"A rapid prototyping method for polymer microfluidics with fixed aspect ratio and 3D tapered channels","author":"Browne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/24\/5\/057001","article-title":"Fabricating microfluidic valve master molds in SU-8 photoresist","author":"Dy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Micromechanics Microeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0170","article-title":"Fabrication of high-quality microfluidic solid-phase chromatography columns","author":"Huft","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117744","article-title":"A microfluidic platform for high-throughput multiplexed protein quantitation","author":"Volpetti","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153437","article-title":"Mapping of enzyme kinetics on a microfluidic device","author":"Rho","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C5LC00816F","article-title":"Microfluidic device for DNA amplification of single cancer cells isolated from whole blood by self-seeding microwells","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1019446108","article-title":"High-throughput microfluidic single-cell RT-qPCR","author":"White","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C.C. Lee, G. Sui, A. Elizarov, C.J. Shu, Y.S. Shin, A.N. Dooley, J. Huang, A. Daridon, P. Wyatt, D. Stout, H.C. Kolb, O.N. Witte, N. Satyamurthy, J.R. Heath, M.E. Phelps, S.R. Quake, H.R. Tseng, Multistep synthesis of a radiolabeled imaging probe using integrated microfluidics, Science, 80 2005. Doi: 10.1126\/science.1118919.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1118919"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C5LC01206F","article-title":"Programmable v-type valve for cell and particle manipulation in microfluidic devices","author":"Rho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mee.2015.02.014","article-title":"Bio-inspired 3D funnel structures made by grayscale electron-beam patterning and selective topography equilibration","author":"Kirchner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microelectron. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C7LC00202E","article-title":"Mimicking arterial thrombosis in a 3D-printed microfluidic: In vitro vascular model based on computed tomography angiography data","author":"Costa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lab Chip."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.matsci.28.1.153","article-title":"Soft lithography","author":"Xia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA22048C","article-title":"Non-photolithographic plastic-mold-based fabrication of cylindrical and multi-tiered poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchannels for biomimetic lab-on-a-chip applications","author":"Jang","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/8\/2\/025005","article-title":"From square to circular polymeric microchannels by spin coating technology: a low cost platform for endothelial cell culture","author":"Vecchione","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biofabrication."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0230","article-title":"Parallel single cancer cell whole genome amplification using button-valve assisted mixing in nanoliter chambers","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201802368","article-title":"Vessel-on-a-chip with hydrogel-based microfluidics","author":"Nie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Small."}],"container-title":["Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1046202319303159?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1046202319303159?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T01:39:27Z","timestamp":1760924367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1046202319303159"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S1046202319303159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-2023"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-2023","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A 3D polydimethylsiloxane microhourglass-shaped channel array made by reflowing photoresist structures for engineering a blood capillary network","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Methods","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymeth.2020.03.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}