{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:49:53Z","timestamp":1791582593134,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"French National Research Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006364","name":"French National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006364","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011045","name":"Minist\u00e8re de l'Enseignement sup\u00e9rieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011045","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001677","name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004795","name":"Institut Universitaire de France","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004795","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004099","name":"National League Against Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004099","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:15:49Z","timestamp":1759796149000},"page":"97-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Innate immune cells in chimeric antigen receptor therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Marius","family":"Jassaud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Ziane-Chaouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4006-5605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Duhamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Salzet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.4.619","article-title":"Antigen-dependent CD28 Signaling Selectively Enhances Survival and Proliferation in Genetically Modified Activated Human Primary T Lymphocytes","volume":"188","author":"Krause","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0102-70","article-title":"Human T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity and proliferation directed by a single chimeric TCR\u03b6\/CD28 receptor","volume":"20","author":"Maher","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib3","first-page":"2470","article-title":"Immuno-gene therapy of established prostate tumors using chimeric receptor-redirected human lymphocytes","volume":"63","author":"Pinthus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10024","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.24.10024","article-title":"Expression of immunoglobulin-T-cell receptor chimeric molecules as functional receptors with antibody-type specificity","volume":"86","author":"Gross","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2791","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.6.2791","article-title":"Chimeric Receptors Providing Both Primary and Costimulatory Signaling in T Cells from a Single Gene Product","volume":"161","author":"Finney","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/nm827","article-title":"Eradication of systemic B-cell tumors by genetically targeted human T lymphocytes co-stimulated by CD80 and interleukin-15","volume":"9","author":"Brentjens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4817","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-04-348540","article-title":"Safety and persistence of adoptively transferred autologous CD19-targeted T cells in patients with relapsed or chemotherapy refractory B-cell leukemias","volume":"118","author":"Brentjens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709866","article-title":"Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","volume":"378","author":"Maude","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30864-7","article-title":"Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1\u20132 trial","volume":"20","author":"Locke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-024-02392-7","article-title":"Third-generation anti-CD19 CAR T cells for relapsed\/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a phase 1\/2 study","volume":"38","author":"Derigs","year":"2024","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.121322","article-title":"4-1BB enhancement of CAR T function requires NF-\u03baB and TRAFs","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2015.1046430","article-title":"TRUCKs: The fourth generation of CARs","volume":"15","author":"Chmielewski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Biol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.148","article-title":"Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy-assessment and management of toxicities","volume":"15","author":"Neelapu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omto.2022.03.009","article-title":"CAR T cell therapy and the tumor microenvironment: Current challenges and opportunities","volume":"25","author":"Kankeu Fonkoua","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Oncolytics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-022-02327-z","article-title":"CAR race to cancer immunotherapy: from CAR T, CAR NK to CAR macrophage therapy","volume":"41","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1910607","article-title":"Use of CAR-Transduced Natural Killer Cells in CD19-Positive Lymphoid Tumors","volume":"382","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0462-y","article-title":"Human chimeric antigen receptor macrophages for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"38","author":"Klichinsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1012356108","article-title":"Revisiting human natural killer cell subset function revealed cytolytic CD56dimCD16+ NK cells as rapid producers of abundant IFN-\u03b3 on activation","volume":"108","author":"De Maria","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0500","article-title":"A gene signature predicting natural killer cell infiltration and improved survival in melanoma patients","volume":"7","author":"Cursons","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49270-0_4","article-title":"NK Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"1273","author":"Guillerey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0426-7","article-title":"Exploring the NK cell platform for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"18","author":"Myers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00476","article-title":"NKG2D and Its Ligands: \u201cOne for All, All for One.\u201d","volume":"9","author":"Zingoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-023-00674-z","article-title":"Activating NKG2C Receptor: Functional Characteristics and Current Strategies in Clinical Applications","volume":"71","author":"Siemaszko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2006.00457.x","article-title":"Activation, coactivation, and costimulation of resting human natural killer cells","volume":"214","author":"Bryceson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17481","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804788105","article-title":"Engineering antigen-specific primary human NK cells against HER-2 positive carcinomas","volume":"105","author":"Kruschinski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.06.002","article-title":"Human iPSC-Derived Natural Killer Cells Engineered with Chimeric Antigen Receptors Enhance Anti-tumor Activity","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0732-7","article-title":"2B4 costimulatory domain enhancing cytotoxic ability of anti-CD5 chimeric antigen receptor engineered natural killer cells against T cell malignancies","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-3558","article-title":"A chimeric receptor with NKG2D specificity enhances natural killer cell activation and killing of tumor cells","volume":"73","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3201","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1400330","article-title":"DAP12-Based Activating Chimeric Antigen Receptor for NK Cell Tumor Immunotherapy","volume":"194","author":"T\u00f6pfer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib30","article-title":"Dextran enhances the lentiviral transduction efficiency of murine and human primary NK cells","volume":"2018","author":"Nanbakhsh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2021.01.008","article-title":"Systematic improvements in lentiviral transduction of primary human natural killer cells undergoing ex vivo expansion","volume":"20","author":"Allan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02873","article-title":"Efficient and Robust NK-Cell Transduction With Baboon Envelope Pseudotyped Lentivector","volume":"10","author":"Colamartino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713364","article-title":"CAR-NK Cells Generated with mRNA-LNPs Kill Tumor Target Cells In Vitro and In Vivo","volume":"24","author":"Golubovskaya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2019.03.011","article-title":"Adoptive Transfer of NKG2D CAR mRNA-Engineered Natural Killer Cells in Colorectal Cancer Patients","volume":"27","author":"Xiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4161\/onci.26618","article-title":"Preventing surgery-induced NK cell dysfunction and cancer metastases with influenza vaccination","volume":"2","author":"Tai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-015-1761-x","article-title":"NK-92: an \u2018off-the-shelf therapeutic\u2019 for adoptive natural killer cell-based cancer immunotherapy","volume":"65","author":"Suck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2230","article-title":"Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived natural killer cells for treatment of ovarian cancer","volume":"34","author":"Hermanson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib38","first-page":"2011","article-title":"Ex vivo expansion of natural killer cells using cryopreserved irradiated feeder cells","volume":"33","author":"Baek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-18-0442","article-title":"Tumor antigen escape from car t-cell therapy","volume":"8","author":"Majzner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-17-0207","article-title":"Intrinsic functional potential of NK-Cell subsets constrains retargeting driven by chimeric antigen receptors","volume":"6","author":"Oei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djz017","article-title":"CAR T-Cell Associated Neurotoxicity: Mechanisms, Clinicopathologic Correlates, and Future Directions","volume":"111","author":"Hunter","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1581","article-title":"Up on the tightrope: Natural killer cell activation and inhibition","volume":"9","author":"Lanier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.102619","article-title":"Expanded human NK cells armed with CAR uncouple potent anti-tumor activity from off-tumor toxicity against solid tumors","volume":"24","author":"Portillo","year":"2021","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-023-02180-4","article-title":"Manufacturing of primary CAR-NK cells in an automated system for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"59","author":"Albinger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-23-0151","article-title":"Sequential Exposure to IL21 and IL15 During Human Natural Killer Cell Expansion Optimizes Yield and Function","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12896-025-01024-x","article-title":"A novel feeder cell based on 4-1BBL and membrane-bound IL-21\/IL-15 induce highly expansion and anti-tumor effect of natural killer cells","volume":"25","author":"Gong","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3937","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47574-0","article-title":"Pretreatment with IL-15 and IL-18 rescues natural killer cells from granzyme B-mediated apoptosis after cryopreservation","volume":"15","author":"Berjis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad087","article-title":"Intracranial injection of natural killer cells engineered with a HER2-targeted chimeric antigen receptor in patients with recurrent glioblastoma","volume":"25","author":"Burger","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07205","article-title":"Cancer-related inflammation","volume":"454","author":"Mantovani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.36688","article-title":"Chimeric antigen receptors that trigger phagocytosis","volume":"7","author":"Morrissey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-023-03490-8","article-title":"Chimeric antigen receptor macrophages activated through TLR4 or IFN-\u03b3 receptors suppress breast cancer growth by targeting VEGFR2","volume":"72","author":"Duan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-023-01687-8","article-title":"A second-generation M1-polarized CAR macrophage with antitumor efficacy","volume":"25","author":"Lei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10195","article-title":"Vpx relieves inhibition of HIV-1 infection of macrophages mediated by the SAMHD1 protein","volume":"474","author":"Hrecka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2012.61","article-title":"Efficient transduction of myeloid cells by an HIV-1-derived lentiviral vector that packages the Vpx accessory protein","volume":"20","author":"Bobadilla","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2024.103350","article-title":"Protocol for generating human CAR-engineered macrophages by Vpx-containing lentivirus","volume":"5","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"STAR Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e21886","article-title":"Enhanced infection efficiency and cytotoxicity mediated by vpx-containing lentivirus in chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-M)","volume":"9","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/jgm.543","article-title":"Development of an adenoviral vector system with adenovirus serotype 35 tropism; efficient transient gene transfer into primary malignant hematopoietic cells","volume":"6","author":"Nilsson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Gene Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-07267-4","article-title":"Inhibition of furin in CAR macrophages directs them toward a proinflammatory phenotype and enhances their antitumor activities","volume":"15","author":"Ziane-Chaouche","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.1c01532","article-title":"In Vitro Engineering Chimeric Antigen Receptor Macrophages and T Cells by Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated mRNA Delivery","volume":"8","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib60","article-title":"128 Development of an M1-polarized, non-viral chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-M) platform for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Ohtani","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abn1128","article-title":"Intracavity generation of glioma stem cell\u2013specific CAR macrophages primes locoregional immunity for postoperative glioblastoma therapy","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2426724122","article-title":"In vivo generation of CAR macrophages via the enucleated mesenchymal stem cell delivery system for glioblastoma therapy","volume":"122","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202103258","article-title":"Nanocomplex-Mediated In Vivo Programming to Chimeric Antigen Receptor-M1 Macrophages for Cancer Therapy","volume":"33","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c10109","article-title":"mRNA-Laden Lipid-Nanoparticle-Enabled in Situ CAR-Macrophage Engineering for the Eradication of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in a Sepsis Mouse Model","volume":"18","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0578-3","article-title":"Chimeric antigen receptor macrophage therapy for breast tumours mediated by targeting the tumour extracellular matrix","volume":"121","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3692","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11223692","article-title":"CAR-Macrophages and CAR-T Cells Synergistically Kill Tumor Cells In Vitro","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-020-00983-2","article-title":"Pluripotent stem cell-derived CAR-macrophage cells with antigen-dependent anti-cancer cell functions","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2022.12.012","article-title":"Generation of anti-GD2 CAR macrophages from human pluripotent stem cells for cancer immunotherapies","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2023-007705","article-title":"Scalable generation of functional human iPSC-derived CAR-macrophages that efficiently eradicate CD19-positive leukemia","volume":"11","author":"Abdin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2024.04.012","article-title":"Activating innate immune responses repolarizes hPSC-derived CAR macrophages to improve anti-tumor activity","volume":"31","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2024.03.018","article-title":"Human anti-PSCA CAR macrophages possess potent antitumor activity against pancreatic cancer","volume":"31","author":"Shah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib72","first-page":"A334","article-title":"318 Pre-clinical development of a CAR monocyte platform for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"10","author":"Gabitova","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-024-02032-9","article-title":"A new era of cancer immunotherapy: combining revolutionary technologies for enhanced CAR-M therapy","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0183-z","article-title":"Phagocytosis checkpoints as new targets for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"19","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2022.04.015","article-title":"Dual-aptamer-engineered M1 macrophage with enhanced specific targeting and checkpoint blocking for solid-tumor immunotherapy","volume":"30","author":"Qian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03495-z","article-title":"CAR-macrophage therapy for HER2-overexpressing advanced solid tumors: a phase 1 trial","volume":"31","author":"Reiss","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2743","article-title":"INKT cell autoreactivity: What is \u201cself\u201d and how is it recognized?","volume":"10","author":"Gapin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00886","article-title":"Exploiting antitumor immunotherapeutic novel strategies by deciphering the cross talk between invariant NKT cells and dendritic cells","volume":"8","author":"Fujii","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0802430","article-title":"Immunosuppressive Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Can Be Converted into Immunogenic APCs with the Help of Activated NKT Cells: An Alternative Cell-Based Antitumor Vaccine","volume":"182","author":"Ko","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(02)02323-2","article-title":"Distinct subsets of human V\u03b124-invariant NKT cells: Cytokine responses and chemokine receptor expression","volume":"23","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021010887","article-title":"Invariant natural killer T-cell subsets have diverse graft-versus-host-disease\u2013preventing and antitumor effects","volume":"138","author":"Maas-Bauer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2365","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082365","article-title":"The Generation of CAR-Transfected Natural Killer T Cells for the Immunotherapy of Melanoma","volume":"19","author":"Simon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2824","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-11-541235","article-title":"Invariant NKT cells with chimeric antigen receptor provide a novel platform for safe and effective cancer immunotherapy","volume":"124","author":"Heczey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3510","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-0600","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of invariant NKT cells as immunotherapy for advanced melanoma: A phase I clinical trial","volume":"23","author":"Exley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-024-02226-y","article-title":"Generation of allogeneic CAR-NKT cells from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells using a clinically guided culture method","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7126","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-0421","article-title":"NKT cells coexpressing a GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptor and IL15 show enhanced in vivo persistence and antitumor activity against neuroblastoma","volume":"25","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800429","article-title":"IL-21 Selectively Protects CD62L+ NKT Cells and Enhances Their Effector Functions for Adoptive Immunotherapy","volume":"201","author":"Ngai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-06-161281","article-title":"Regulation of multiple myeloma survival and progression by CD1d","volume":"113","author":"Spanoudakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02363-y","article-title":"Anti-GD2 CAR-NKT cells in relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma: updated phase 1 trial interim results","volume":"29","author":"Heczey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib90","article-title":"Hyperleukocytosis in a neuroblastoma patient after treatment with natural killer T cells expressing a GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptor and IL-15","volume":"13","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.11.006","article-title":"Innately versatile: \u03b3\u03b417 T cells in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases","volume":"87","author":"Papotto","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5944","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2008.272","article-title":"NKG2D ligands in tumor immunity","volume":"27","author":"Nausch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6879","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.12.6879","article-title":"Broad tumor-associated expression and recognition by tumor-derived \u03b3\u03b4 T cells of MICA and MICB","volume":"96","author":"Groh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4827","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2023-190357","article-title":"Engineering Off-the-Shelf Gamma Delta CAR T Cells for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"142","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3904","article-title":"\u03b3\u03b4 T cells in cancer","volume":"15","author":"Silva-Santos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-003441","article-title":"Off-the-shelf V\u03b4 1 gamma delta T cells engineered with glypican-3 (GPC-3)-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and soluble IL-15 display robust antitumor efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Makkouk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0210-z","article-title":"Dendritic cells in cancer immunology and immunotherapy","volume":"20","author":"Wculek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.35.7_suppl.144","article-title":"Effect of dendritic cells (DC) transduced with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) on CAR T-cell cytotoxicity","volume":"35","author":"Suh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.htct.2024.09.1710","article-title":"Generation of Dendritic Cells Expressing CAR From Induced Pluripotent Cells : An Alternative Advanced Cell Therapy For Cancer?","volume":"46","author":"Paula-Do","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hematol. Transfus. Cell Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-024-03788-1","article-title":"Chimeric antigen receptor dendritic cells targeted delivery of a single tumoricidal factor for cancer immunotherapy","volume":"73","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3693","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-99-115296","article-title":"Bioengineered Autologous Dendritic Cells Enhance CAR T Cell Cytotoxicity By Providing Cytokine Stimulation and Intratumoral Dendritic Cells","volume":"132","author":"Suh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-020-0281-y","article-title":"Neutrophil diversity and plasticity in tumour progression and therapy","volume":"20","author":"Jaillon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37872-4","article-title":"CAR-neutrophil mediated delivery of tumor-microenvironment responsive nanodrugs for glioblastoma chemo-immunotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib104","article-title":"Engineered anti-prostate cancer CAR-neutrophils from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"20","author":"Harris","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Regen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-205135","article-title":"iPSC-Derived CAR Neutrophils Possess Potent Activity Against Solid Tumors In Vivo","volume":"144","author":"Majumder","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5601","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-1316","article-title":"Prognostic and predictive impact of intra- and peritumoral immune infiltrates","volume":"71","author":"Fridman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2018.05.003","article-title":"Immunogenic effects of chemotherapy-induced tumor cell death","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genes Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2017.168","article-title":"Improved Killing of Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells by Combining a Novel Chimeric Antigen Receptor\u2013Based Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy","volume":"28","author":"Klapdor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum. Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-024-02184-8","article-title":"Chimeric antigen receptor macrophages targeting c-MET(CAR-M-c-MET) inhibit pancreatic cancer progression and improve cytotoxic chemotherapeutic efficacy","volume":"23","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1523","article-title":"Calreticulin exposure dictates the immunogenicity of cancer cell death","volume":"13","author":"Obeid","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20052494","article-title":"Radiation modulates the peptide repertoire, enhances MHC class I expression, and induces successful antitumor immunotherapy","volume":"203","author":"Reits","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib112","article-title":"Combinatorial immunotherapy of anti-MCAM CAR-modified expanded natural killer cells and NKTR-255 against neuroblastoma","volume":"32","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib113","article-title":"Efficiently targeting neuroblastoma with the combination of anti-ROR1 CAR NK cells and N-803 in vitro and in vivo in NB xenografts","volume":"32","author":"Chu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20120944","article-title":"Sustained effector function of IL-12\/15\/18-preactivated NK cells against established tumors","volume":"209","author":"Ni","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020006619","article-title":"CAR-modified memory-like NK cells exhibit potent responses to NK-resistant lymphomas","volume":"136","author":"Gang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-04061-2","article-title":"M1 polarization enhances the antitumor activity of chimeric antigen receptor macrophages in solid tumors","volume":"21","author":"Huo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2024.12.057","article-title":"Emerging combined CAR-NK cell therapies in cancer treatment: Finding a dancing partner","volume":"33","author":"Hosseinalizadeh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55770-1","article-title":"Chimeric antigen receptor macrophages (CAR-M) sensitize HER2+ solid tumors to PD1 blockade in pre-clinical models","volume":"16","author":"Pierini","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22396","article-title":"PD-1 expression by tumour-associated macrophages inhibits phagocytosis and tumour immunity","volume":"545","author":"Gordon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-023-03153-9","article-title":"Anti-TIM3 chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer cells from engineered induced pluripotent stem cells effectively target acute myeloid leukemia cells","volume":"23","author":"Klaihmon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e81","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.103085","article-title":"A phase II trial of pan-KIR2D blockade with IPH2101 in smoldering multiple myeloma","volume":"99","author":"Korde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-024-01220-3","article-title":"Silencing of SIRP\u03b1 enhances the antitumor efficacy of CAR-M in solid tumors","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4069","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59326-9","article-title":"CAR macrophages with built-In CD47 blocker combat tumor antigen heterogeneity and activate T cells via cross-presentation","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3635","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-21-0035","article-title":"An oncolytic virus expressing il15\/il15ra combined with off-the-shelf egfr-car nk cells targets glioblastoma","volume":"81","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105094","article-title":"Multidirectional Strategies for Targeted Delivery of Oncolytic Viruses by Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells","volume":"161","author":"Osali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3390\/immuno3010004","article-title":"Combining CAR T Cell Therapy and Oncolytic Virotherapy for Pediatric Solid Tumors: A Promising Option","volume":"3","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immuno"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omto.2021.02.007","article-title":"Systemic immunity upon local oncolytic virotherapy armed with immunostimulatory genes may be supported by tumor-derived exosomes","volume":"20","author":"Labani-Motlagh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Oncolytics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines4030019","article-title":"Recombinant Poxvirus and the tumor microenvironment: Oncolysis, immune regulation and immunization","volume":"4","author":"Sharp","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4235","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2020-4235","article-title":"Abstract 4235: A combination of CAR-NK and CAR-T cells results in rapid and persistent anti-tumor efficacy while reducing CAR-T cell mediated cytokine release and T-cell proliferation","volume":"80","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0285-6","article-title":"Defining trained immunity and its role in health and disease","volume":"20","author":"Netea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.08.029","article-title":"Intercellular nanotube-mediated mitochondrial transfer enhances T cell metabolic fitness and antitumor efficacy","volume":"187","author":"Baldwin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Molecular Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152500162500824X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152500162500824X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T19:28:44Z","timestamp":1783020524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S152500162500824X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":131,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S152500162500824X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-0016","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Innate immune cells in chimeric antigen receptor therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2025.10.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}