{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:27:59Z","timestamp":1791836879278,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,7,1]],"date-time":"2027-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1814400000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I01BX004536"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01BX004536"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006942","name":"Medical University of South Carolina","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA138313"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA138313"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006942","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK125464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK125464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK105183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK105183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK 120394"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK 120394"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK118529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK118529"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T06:53:21Z","timestamp":1774940001000},"page":"4181-4199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Taming autoimmunity: Alpha-1 antitrypsin overexpressing mesenchymal stromal cells promote regulatory T cell crosstalk to reverse diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Hua","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyu","family":"Gou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suganya","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paramita","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Lotfy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shikhar","family":"Mehrotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Berto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlie","family":"Strange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7421-1917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1902226","article-title":"An Anti-CD3 Antibody, Teplizumab, in Relatives at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"381","author":"Herold","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.16","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"3","author":"Katsarou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01134-4","article-title":"Stem cell-based therapy for human diseases","volume":"7","author":"Hoang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt94","article-title":"The therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is mediated by peripheral and central mechanisms","volume":"3","author":"Morando","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2534","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-0844","article-title":"Immune regulatory properties of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of experimental autoimmune diabetes","volume":"61","author":"Bassi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib6","first-page":"142","article-title":"Promotion of remyelination by adipose mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Hedayatpour","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9298","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13079298","article-title":"The Immunomodulatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE): A Model of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)","volume":"13","author":"Al Jumah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.623691","article-title":"Cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells display impaired immunosuppressive properties as a result of heat-shock response and impaired interferon-gamma licensing","volume":"14","author":"Fran\u00e7ois","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-04-1496","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis inducing T-cell anergy","volume":"106","author":"Zappia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181fed001","article-title":"Regulatory T-cell generation and kidney allograft tolerance induced by mesenchymal stem cells associated with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression","volume":"90","author":"Ge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(01)00769-X","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells suppress lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and prolong skin graft survival in vivo","volume":"30","author":"Bartholomew","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3933","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.6.3933","article-title":"Pretransplant infusion of mesenchymal stem cells prolongs the survival of a semiallogeneic heart transplant through the generation of regulatory T cells","volume":"181","author":"Casiraghi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02721.x","article-title":"Infusion of mesenchymal stem cells and rapamycin synergize to attenuate alloimmune responses and promote cardiac allograft tolerance","volume":"9","author":"Ge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70121-1","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases","volume":"10","author":"Uccelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-015-0201-3","article-title":"Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve glucose homeostasis in high-fat diet-induced obese mice","volume":"6","author":"Cao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17438","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0608249103","article-title":"Multipotent stromal cells from human marrow home to and promote repair of pancreatic islets and renal glomeruli in diabetic NOD\/scid mice","volume":"103","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900803","article-title":"Immunomodulatory function of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in experimental autoimmune type 1 diabetes","volume":"183","author":"Fiorina","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0267","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells cooperate with bone marrow cells in therapy of diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Urb\u00e1n","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2008.01.006","article-title":"Systemic administration of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells reverts hyperglycemia and prevents nephropathy in type 1 diabetic mice","volume":"14","author":"Ezquer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-09-3507","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells express a restricted set of functionally active chemokine receptors capable of promoting migration to pancreatic islets","volume":"106","author":"Sordi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0656","article-title":"Preserved beta-cell function in type 1 diabetes by mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"64","author":"Carlsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-012-9367-6","article-title":"Comparison of cardiac stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on the cardiac electrophysiology in rats with myocardial infarction","volume":"9","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.6179","article-title":"Remestemcel-L-rknd for Steroid-Refractory Acute Graft-vs-Host Disease in Pediatric Patients","volume":"334","author":"Mahat","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41536-019-0083-6","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell perspective: cell biology to clinical progress","volume":"4","author":"Pittenger","year":"2019","journal-title":"NPJ Regen. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(85)90097-2","article-title":"The role of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency in the pathogenesis of immune disorders","volume":"35","author":"Breit","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2014-0161","article-title":"Immune-modulating effects of alpha-1 antitrypsin","volume":"395","author":"Ehlers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2006.060058","article-title":"alpha-1 antitrypsin inhibits caspase-3 activity, preventing lung endothelial cell apoptosis","volume":"169","author":"Petrache","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1273","article-title":"Alpha1-antitrypsin protects beta-cells from apoptosis","volume":"56","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16242","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0808031105","article-title":"Curative and beta cell regenerative effects of alpha1-antitrypsin treatment in autoimmune diabetic NOD mice","volume":"105","author":"Koulmanda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12153","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505579102","article-title":"Alpha1-antitrypsin monotherapy prolongs islet allograft survival in mice","volume":"102","author":"Lewis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81896-6","article-title":"Development of a novel polygenic model of NIDDM in mice heterozygous for IR and IRS-1 null alleles","volume":"88","author":"Br\u00fcning","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16236","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807627105","article-title":"alpha1-Antitrypsin monotherapy induces immune tolerance during islet allograft transplantation in mice","volume":"105","author":"Lewis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12723","article-title":"Prevention of nonimmunologic loss of transplanted islets in monkeys","volume":"14","author":"Koulmanda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-1036","article-title":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Enhances Islet Engraftment by Suppression of Instant Blood-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction","volume":"66","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.20-0122","article-title":"Overexpression of alpha-1 antitrypsin in mesenchymal stromal cells improves their intrinsic biological properties and therapeutic effects in nonobese diabetic mice","volume":"10","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.2337\/db22-0117","article-title":"Stem Cell Therapy Improves Human Islet Graft Survival in Mice via Regulation of Macrophages","volume":"71","author":"Gou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2019.05.007","article-title":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin-Expressing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Confer a Long-Term Survival Benefit in a Mouse Model of Lethal GvHD","volume":"27","author":"Geiger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a015552","article-title":"Regulatory T-cell therapy in transplantation: moving to the clinic","volume":"3","author":"Tang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.7.3348","article-title":"Cutting edge: CD28 controls peripheral homeostasis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells","volume":"171","author":"Tang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2022.2035117","article-title":"Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and their therapeutic potential against autoimmune disorders - Advances and challenges","volume":"18","author":"Goswami","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.147474","article-title":"The effect of low-dose IL-2 and Treg adoptive cell therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"6","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-023-01110-7","article-title":"Pancreatic draining lymph nodes (PLNs) serve as a pathogenic hub contributing to the development of type 1 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01138-0","article-title":"Transcription factor 4 and its association with psychiatric disorders","volume":"11","author":"Teixeira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-003-1089-5","article-title":"The role of T-cells in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes: from cause to cure","volume":"46","author":"Roep","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4197","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901070","article-title":"MS4A4B is a GITR-associated membrane adapter, expressed by regulatory T cells, which modulates T cell activation","volume":"183","author":"Howie","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib46","article-title":"Coactosin-like 1 antagonizes cofilin to promote lamellipodial protrusion at the immune synapse","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.03.132","article-title":"ZNF598 Plays Distinct Roles in Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression and Poxvirus Protein Synthesis","volume":"23","author":"DiGiuseppe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.2.939","article-title":"IFN-gamma acts directly on activated CD4+ T cells during mycobacterial infection to promote apoptosis by inducing components of the intracellular apoptosis machinery and by inducing extracellular proapoptotic signals","volume":"179","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib49","article-title":"Identification of PTPN20 as an innate immunity-related gene in gastric cancer with Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"14","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36780","article-title":"The ubiquitin hybrid gene UBA52 regulates ubiquitination of ribosome and sustains embryonic development","volume":"6","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abf3717","article-title":"Zbtb20 identifies and controls a thymus-derived population of regulatory T cells that play a role in intestinal homeostasis","volume":"7","author":"Krzyzanowska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5574472","article-title":"Coexpression of Helios in Foxp3(+) Regulatory T Cells and Its Role in Human Disease","volume":"2021","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2013.06.006","article-title":"Treg and CTLA-4: two intertwining pathways to immune tolerance","volume":"45","author":"Walker","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.3.1673","article-title":"IFN regulatory factor-1 negatively regulates CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cell differentiation by repressing Foxp3 expression","volume":"181","author":"Fragale","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00728-8","article-title":"Ribosomal proteins and human diseases: molecular mechanisms and targeted therapy","volume":"6","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.12.020","article-title":"Ribosomal Proteins Regulate MHC Class I Peptide Generation for Immunosurveillance","volume":"73","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01988","article-title":"Inhibition of Cdk8\/Cdk19 Activity Promotes Treg Cell Differentiation and Suppresses Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"10","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00847","article-title":"Interferon-Gamma at the Crossroads of Tumor Immune Surveillance or Evasion","volume":"9","author":"Castro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2008.04.017","article-title":"Role of Th1 and Th17 cells in organ-specific autoimmunity","volume":"31","author":"Dardalhon","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib60","article-title":"Th17 cells in autoimmune and infectious diseases","volume":"2014","author":"Zambrano-Zaragoza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Inflam."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20192362","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing of murine islets shows high cellular complexity at all stages of autoimmune diabetes","volume":"217","author":"Zakharov","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.01.003","article-title":"Multiplexed In Situ Imaging Mass Cytometry Analysis of the Human Endocrine Pancreas and Immune System in Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.2337\/db15-1615","article-title":"Differential Insulitic Profiles Determine the Extent of beta-Cell Destruction and the Age at Onset of Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"65","author":"Leete","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.26398","article-title":"Modulation of let-7 miRNAs controls the differentiation of effector CD8 T cells","volume":"6","author":"Wells","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5583","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5583","article-title":"A pivotal role for the multifunctional calcium\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in T cells: from activation to unresponsiveness","volume":"174","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aai7793","article-title":"Partial exhaustion of CD8 T cells and clinical response to teplizumab in new-onset type 1 diabetes","volume":"1","author":"Long","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.142680","article-title":"Exhausted-like CD8+ T cell phenotypes linked to C-peptide preservation in alefacept-treated T1D subjects","volume":"6","author":"Diggins","year":"2021","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06456-3","article-title":"Interconnected lineage trajectories link conventional and natural killer (NK)-like exhausted CD8(+) T cells beneficial in type 1 diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Witkop","year":"2024","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.2337\/db24-0159","article-title":"Temporal Alterations in CD8+ T Cells During the Progression from Stage 1 to Stage 3 Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"73","author":"Schroderus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib70","article-title":"The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes","volume":"14","author":"Jayasinghe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1572","article-title":"The Foxp3+ regulatory T cell: a jack of all trades, master of regulation","volume":"9","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010390","article-title":"Potential Therapeutic Application of Regulatory T Cells in Diabetes Mellitus Type 1","volume":"23","author":"Ben-Skowronek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib73","article-title":"In Vivo Induction of Regulatory T Cells Via CTLA-4 Signaling Peptide to Control Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Prevent Disease Relapse","volume":"8","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6248","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1604765113","article-title":"Instability of Helios-deficient Tregs is associated with conversion to a T-effector phenotype and enhanced antitumor immunity","volume":"113","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2022.113296","article-title":"Regulation of the Th17\/Treg balance by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protects against acute experimental colitis","volume":"419","author":"Heidari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.3185","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cells induce regulatory T cells via epigenetic conversion of human conventional CD4 T cells in vitro","volume":"38","author":"Azevedo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03524-y","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate experimental immune-mediated liver injury via chitinase 3-like protein 1-mediated T cell suppression","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1801651","article-title":"Metformin Inhibits the Type 1 IFN Response in Human CD4(+) T Cells","volume":"203","author":"Titov","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.03.013","article-title":"Sequential polarization and imprinting of type 1 T helper lymphocytes by interferon-gamma and interleukin-12","volume":"30","author":"Schulz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2014.09.011","article-title":"T cell subsets and their signature cytokines in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases","volume":"74","author":"Raphael","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646837","article-title":"CD69: from activation marker to metabolic gatekeeper","volume":"47","author":"Cibri\u00e1n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2020.102453","article-title":"The pivotal role of CD69 in autoimmunity","volume":"111","author":"Gorabi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.2337\/db24-0159","article-title":"Temporal Alterations in CD8+ T cells during the progression from stage 1 to stage 3 type 1 diabetes","volume":"73","author":"Schroderus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-015-0271-2","article-title":"Biodistribution, migration and homing of systemically applied mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells","volume":"7","author":"Leibacher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-020-6721-y","article-title":"On the utility of RNA sample pooling to optimize cost and statistical power in RNA sequencing experiments","volume":"21","author":"Takele Assefa","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14049","article-title":"Massively parallel digital transcriptional profiling of single cells","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.048","article-title":"Integrated analysis of multimodal single-cell data","volume":"184","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.192237.115","article-title":"Single-cell RNA-seq reveals changes in cell cycle and differentiation programs upon aging of hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"25","author":"Kowalczyk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.73600.1","article-title":"Doublet identification in single-cell sequencing data using scDblFinder","volume":"10","author":"Germain","year":"2021","journal-title":"F1000Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-019-1874-1","article-title":"Normalization and variance stabilization of single-cell RNA-seq data using regularized negative binomial regression","volume":"20","author":"Hafemeister","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28803-w","article-title":"Fully-automated and ultra-fast cell-type identification using specific marker combinations from single-cell transcriptomic data","volume":"13","author":"Ianevski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5692","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25960-2","article-title":"Confronting false discoveries in single-cell differential expression","volume":"12","author":"Squair","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118","article-title":"clusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"OMICS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21246-9","article-title":"Inference and analysis of cell-cell communication using CellChat","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(75)90141-3","article-title":"Amino acid sequence around the arginyl-valyl bond in plasminogen which is cleaved during the second step of the activation process","volume":"7","author":"Wiman","year":"1975","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."}],"container-title":["Molecular Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525001626002170?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525001626002170?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T21:02:33Z","timestamp":1782939753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525001626002170"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1525001626002170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-0016","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Taming autoimmunity: Alpha-1 antitrypsin overexpressing mesenchymal stromal cells promote regulatory T cell crosstalk to reverse diabetes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.03.032","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}