{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T23:23:02Z","timestamp":1794007382725,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":236,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009076","name":"University of Science and Technology of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009076","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82370444"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82370444"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12411530127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12411530127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T17:13:21Z","timestamp":1775754801000},"page":"3192-3216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A new liver-targeted agonist of thyroid hormone receptor beta resmetirom in treating MASLD\/MASH: From mechanism to therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Monan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai","family":"San Cheang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengding","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5488-5217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suowen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.06.003","article-title":"A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature","volume":"79","author":"Rinella","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.04.031","article-title":"EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)","volume":"81","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004","article-title":"The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review","volume":"77","author":"Younossi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00020-0","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multisystem disease requiring a multidisciplinary and holistic approach","volume":"6","author":"Targher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00448-y","article-title":"The complex link between NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus - mechanisms and treatments","volume":"18","author":"Targher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-313884","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its relationship with cardiovascular disease and other extrahepatic diseases","volume":"66","author":"Adams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2440","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1909301","article-title":"State-Level Prevalence of Adult Obesity and Severe Obesity","volume":"381","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045","volume":"183","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-021-00501-9","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the interplay between metabolism, microbes and immunity","volume":"3","author":"Tilg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.043","article-title":"Liver Fibrosis, but No Other Histologic Features, Is Associated With Long-term Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"149","author":"Angulo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.07.049","article-title":"Clinical Care Pathway for the Risk Stratification and Management of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","volume":"161","author":"Kanwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000323","article-title":"AASLD Practice Guidance on the clinical assessment and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"77","author":"Rinella","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2412865","article-title":"Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease","volume":"393","author":"Targher","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00193-6","article-title":"Natural history and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"9","author":"Hagstr\u00f6m","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17930","article-title":"Pathogenesis of MASLD and MASH - role of insulin resistance and lipotoxicity","volume":"59","author":"Bansal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib16","article-title":"Altered Mitochondrial Function in MASLD: Key Features and Promising Therapeutic Approaches","volume":"13","author":"Radosavljevic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2025.02.033","article-title":"Integrative metabolism in MASLD and MASH: Pathophysiology and emerging mechanisms","volume":"83","author":"Steinberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib18","article-title":"Hepatocyte programmed cell death: the trigger for inflammation and fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis","volume":"12","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Cel Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00807-x","article-title":"Hepatic inflammatory responses in liver fibrosis","volume":"20","author":"Hammerich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.11.311","article-title":"Mechanisms of Fibrosis Development in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"158","author":"Schwabe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.026","article-title":"EASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C 2018","volume":"69","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2015.06.008","article-title":"Chronic hepatitis B: Virology, natural history, current management and a glimpse at future opportunities","volume":"121","author":"Gish","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antiviral Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.12.029","article-title":"Excellent long-term survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and biochemical response to ursodeoxycholic Acid","volume":"130","author":"Par\u00e9s","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-024-01084-2","article-title":"Therapeutic landscape of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)","volume":"24","author":"Do","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2024.155835","article-title":"Resmetirom, the first approved drug for the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: Trials, opportunities, and challenges","volume":"154","author":"Kokkorakis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Metabolism."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.05.009","article-title":"Resmetirom for treatment of MASH","volume":"187","author":"Sookoian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2018.0664","article-title":"Yen PM: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hypercholesterolemia: Roles of Thyroid Hormones, Metabolites, and Agonists","volume":"29","author":"Sinha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.17925\/EE.2023.19.1.60","article-title":"Resmetirom: An Orally Administered, Smallmolecule, Liver-directed, \u03b2-selective THR Agonist for the Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"19","author":"Karim","year":"2023","journal-title":"touchREV. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib30","first-page":"2153","article-title":"Augmented hepatic and skeletal thyromimetic effects of tiratricol in comparison with levothyroxine","volume":"82","author":"Sherman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3912","DOI":"10.1021\/jm4019299","article-title":"a Highly Selective Thyroid Hormone Receptor \u03b2 agonist in clinical trials for the treatment of dyslipidemia","volume":"57","author":"Kelly","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232213714","article-title":"Cell-specific transport and thyroid hormone receptor isoform selectivity account for hepatocyte-targeted thyromimetic action of MGL-3196","volume":"23","author":"H\u00f6nes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70006-3","article-title":"Eprotirome in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia (the AKKA trial): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study","volume":"2","author":"Sjouke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12261","article-title":"Reductions in serum levels of LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides and lipoprotein(a) in hypercholesterolaemic patients treated with the liver-selective thyroid hormone receptor agonist eprotirome","volume":"277","author":"Angelin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b13-00915","article-title":"In vivo evaluation of 1-benzyl-4-aminoindole-based thyroid hormone receptor \u03b2 agonists: importance of liver selectivity in drug discovery","volume":"37","author":"Takahashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.01.014","article-title":"Clinical profiles and mortality rates are similar for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"80","author":"Younossi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib37","article-title":"Research advances in the diagnosis and treatment of MASLD\/MASH","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24127","article-title":"Neuschwander-Tetri BA: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score and the histopathologic diagnosis in NAFLD: distinct clinicopathologic meanings","volume":"53","author":"Brunt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24268","article-title":"Pathologic criteria for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: interprotocol agreement and ability to predict liver-related mortality","volume":"53","author":"Younossi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27839","article-title":"Hepatic lipid droplet biology: Getting to the root of fatty liver","volume":"62","author":"Mashek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.07.018","article-title":"Cell death and cell death responses in liver disease: mechanisms and clinical relevance","volume":"147","author":"Luedde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adi0759","article-title":"Found in translation-Fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.07.027","article-title":"Fibrosis stage but not NASH predicts mortality and time to development of severe liver disease in biopsy-proven NAFLD","volume":"67","author":"Hagstr\u00f6m","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.01.043","article-title":"Association Between Fibrosis Stage and Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"158","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib45","first-page":"265","article-title":"Preventing the progression of cirrhosis to decompensation and death","volume":"22","author":"Villanueva","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra035021","article-title":"Management of cirrhosis and ascites","volume":"350","author":"Gin\u00e8s","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.01.003","article-title":"Evolution in the understanding of the pathophysiological basis of portal hypertension: How changes in paradigm are leading to successful new treatments","volume":"62","author":"Bosch","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00366-6","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"8","author":"H\u00e4ussinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2021.06.023","article-title":"Distinctive features of hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"54","author":"Valenti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-324191","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and increased risk of incident extrahepatic cancers: a meta-analysis of observational cohort studies","volume":"71","author":"Mantovani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2023-330595","article-title":"MASLD: a systemic metabolic disorder with cardiovascular and malignant complications","volume":"73","author":"Targher","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib52","article-title":"Portal hypertension in cirrhosis: Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapy","volume":"3","author":"Iwakiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5681","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.65044","article-title":"Mouse models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): pathomechanisms and pharmacotherapies","volume":"18","author":"Fang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5734","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c00682","article-title":"Modeling Human Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) with an Organoids-on-a-Chip System","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib55","first-page":"1531","article-title":"Development and validation of an in vitro 3D model of NASH with severe fibrotic phenotype","volume":"11","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-051215-031109","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"68","author":"Suzuki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-021-00584-0","article-title":"Non-invasive methods for imaging hepatic steatosis and their clinical importance in NAFLD","volume":"18","author":"Tamaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021204288","article-title":"Quantification of Liver Fat Content with CT and MRI: State of the Art","volume":"301","author":"Starekova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01377.x","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions","volume":"94","author":"Brunt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2012.05121.x","article-title":"Correlation between liver histology and novel magnetic resonance imaging in adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - MRI accurately quantifies hepatic steatosis in NAFLD","volume":"36","author":"Permutt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0065-y","article-title":"Apoptosis and necroptosis in the liver: a matter of life and death","volume":"15","author":"Schwabe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12093","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M510660200","article-title":"Free fatty acids induce JNK-dependent hepatocyte lipoapoptosis","volume":"281","author":"Malhi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11091979","article-title":"Augmentation of Glucotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in HepG2 Cells by Palmitic Acid","volume":"11","author":"Alnahdi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2013.10.009","article-title":"Palmitate-induced activation of mitochondrial metabolism promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis in H4IIEC3 rat hepatocytes","volume":"63","author":"Egnatchik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Metabolism."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.01.003","article-title":"Palmitoleate attenuates palmitate-induced Bim and PUMA up-regulation and hepatocyte lipoapoptosis","volume":"52","author":"Akazawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i2.177","article-title":"Dysregulation of iron and copper homeostasis in nonalcoholic fatty liver","volume":"7","author":"Aigner","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9111660","article-title":"Role of Ferroptosis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Implications for Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105088","article-title":"Emerging role of ferroptosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: revisiting hepatic lipid peroxidation","volume":"102","author":"Peleman","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cstres.2025.02.005","article-title":"CHOP aggravates hepatocyte apoptosis upon endoplasmic reticulum stress by downregulating autophagy","volume":"30","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.35441","article-title":"Effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced caspase-12 activation","volume":"36","author":"Xie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2025.05.413","article-title":"CDKN1A and EGR1 are key genes for endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced ferroptosis in MASH","volume":"236","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20160400","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome as a target of berberine in experimental murine liver injury: interference with P2X7 signalling","volume":"130","author":"Vivoli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2018.03.005","article-title":"IL-1 Family Cytokine Pathways Underlying NAFLD: Towards New Treatment Strategies","volume":"24","author":"Mirea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.07.041","article-title":"Hepatocyte pyroptosis and release of inflammasome particles induce stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis","volume":"74","author":"Gaul","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-014-1170-1","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activation is required for fibrosis development in NAFLD","volume":"92","author":"Wree","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.11.040","article-title":"Gasdermin D plays a key role as a pyroptosis executor of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in humans and mice","volume":"68","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.06.012","article-title":"Immune mechanisms linking metabolic injury to inflammation and fibrosis in fatty liver disease - novel insights into cellular communication circuits","volume":"77","author":"Peiseler","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.08.004","article-title":"Osteopontin Expression Identifies a Subset of Recruited Macrophages Distinct from Kupffer Cells in the Fatty Liver","volume":"53","author":"Remmerie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.06.003","article-title":"Impaired Kupffer Cell Self-Renewal Alters the Liver Response to Lipid Overload during Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"53","author":"Tran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29914","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps promote inflammation and development of hepatocellular carcinoma in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"68","author":"van der Windt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03233-8","article-title":"Auto-aggressive CXCR6(+) CD8 T cells cause liver immune pathology in NASH","volume":"592","author":"Dudek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149783","article-title":"Regulation of Inflammation by IL-17A and IL-17F Modulates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Pathogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Giles","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2016.05.020","article-title":"Metabolic Inflammation-Associated IL-17A Causes Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma","volume":"30","author":"Gomes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23998","article-title":"Osteopontin is induced by hedgehog pathway activation and promotes fibrosis progression in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"53","author":"Syn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3823","article-title":"Fate tracing reveals hepatic stellate cells as dominant contributors to liver fibrosis independent of its aetiology","volume":"4","author":"Mederacke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.38","article-title":"Mechanisms of hepatic stellate cell activation","volume":"14","author":"Tsuchida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2019.01.004","article-title":"Blockade of YAP alleviates hepatic fibrosis through accelerating apoptosis and reversion of activated hepatic stellate cells","volume":"107","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.04.011","article-title":"The Hippo pathway effector YAP controls mouse hepatic stellate cell activation","volume":"63","author":"Mannaerts","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12502","article-title":"PAK proteins and YAP-1 signalling downstream of integrin beta-1 in myofibroblasts promote liver fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Martin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2888","article-title":"Increased production of sonic hedgehog by ballooned hepatocytes","volume":"224","author":"Rangwala","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.09.016","article-title":"Hepatocyte TAZ\/WWTR1 Promotes Inflammation and Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aat0344","article-title":"Hepatocyte Notch activation induces liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib93","article-title":"Circulating indian hedgehog is a marker of the hepatocyte-TAZ pathway in experimental NASH and is elevated in humans with NASH","volume":"5","author":"Moore","year":"2023","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00054.2006","article-title":"Hedgehog signaling in development and homeostasis of the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"87","author":"van den Brink","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2023.08.007","article-title":"The critical role of osteopontin (OPN) in fibrotic diseases","volume":"74","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24701","article-title":"Osteopontin, an oxidant stress sensitive cytokine, up-regulates collagen-I via integrin \u03b1(V)\u03b2(3) engagement and PI3K\/pAkt\/NF\u03baB signaling","volume":"55","author":"Urtasun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310752","article-title":"Signalling via the osteopontin and high mobility group box-1 axis drives the fibrogenic response to liver injury","volume":"66","author":"Arriazu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00858","article-title":"Release of chromatin protein HMGB1 by necrotic cells triggers inflammation","volume":"418","author":"Scaffidi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.04.018","article-title":"Living on the Edge: Efferocytosis at the Interface of Homeostasis and Pathology","volume":"50","author":"Morioka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1631-3","article-title":"Resolving the fibrotic niche of human liver cirrhosis at single-cell level","volume":"575","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26429","article-title":"Hepatic macrophages but not dendritic cells contribute to liver fibrosis by promoting the survival of activated hepatic stellate cells in mice","volume":"58","author":"Pradere","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2018.10.016","article-title":"Resolving the Paradox of Hepatic Insulin Resistance","volume":"7","author":"Santoleri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21763","article-title":"A lipidomic analysis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"46","author":"Puri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2014.09.003","article-title":"Metabolic activation of intrahepatic CD8+ T cells and NKT cells causes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver cancer via cross-talk with hepatocytes","volume":"26","author":"Wolf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0379-5","article-title":"Platelet GPIb\u03b1 is a mediator and potential interventional target for NASH and subsequent liver cancer","volume":"25","author":"Malehmir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI1018","article-title":"Mechanisms of spontaneous resolution of rat liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cell apoptosis and reduced hepatic expression of metalloproteinase inhibitors","volume":"102","author":"Iredale","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.06.036","article-title":"Deactivation of hepatic stellate cells during liver fibrosis resolution in mice","volume":"143","author":"Troeger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.23549","article-title":"Inactivation of myofibroblasts during regression of liver fibrosis","volume":"12","author":"Kisseleva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-39112-6","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of Hepatic Stellate Cell activation in NASH","volume":"9","author":"Marcher","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27332","article-title":"Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis: functional links and key pathways","volume":"61","author":"Seki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20701","article-title":"Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Kleiner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00213-0","article-title":"Semaglutide 2\u00b74 mg once a week in adults with overweight or obesity, and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2): a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"397","author":"Davies","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI990","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide 1 promotes satiety and suppresses energy intake in humans","volume":"101","author":"Flint","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4812","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6326-11.2012","article-title":"The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogue, exendin-4, decreases the rewarding value of food: a new role for mesolimbic GLP-1 receptors","volume":"32","author":"Dickson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00085-7","article-title":"Effects of subcutaneous tirzepatide versus placebo or semaglutide on pancreatic islet function and insulin sensitivity in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, parallel-arm, phase 1 clinical trial","volume":"10","author":"Heise","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3128","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03799-0","article-title":"Modulation of metabolic, inflammatory and fibrotic pathways by semaglutide in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis","volume":"31","author":"Jara","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028395","article-title":"A Placebo-Controlled Trial of Subcutaneous Semaglutide in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"384","author":"Newsome","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.08.038","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide 1 decreases lipotoxicity in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"64","author":"Armstrong","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00803-X","article-title":"Liraglutide safety and efficacy in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (LEAN): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 study","volume":"387","author":"Armstrong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2413258","article-title":"Phase 3 Trial of Semaglutide in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis","volume":"392","author":"Sanyal","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(23)00068-7","article-title":"Semaglutide 2\u00b74 mg once weekly in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related cirrhosis: a randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial","volume":"8","author":"Loomba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.07.033","article-title":"Incretins (GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual\/triple agonists) and the liver","volume":"79","author":"Newsome","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib124","article-title":"Consistent improvements in liver histology across subgroups in a post hoc analysis of the SYNERGY-NASH trial with tirzepatide","volume":"7","author":"Hartman","year":"2025","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401943","article-title":"Tirzepatide for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis with Liver Fibrosis","volume":"391","author":"Loomba","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2151","article-title":"Effects of Cotadutide on Metabolic and Hepatic Parameters in Adults With Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A 54-Week Randomized Phase 2b Study","volume":"44","author":"Nahra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pep2.24221","article-title":"Design and characterization of a surfactant-conjugated, long-acting, balanced GLP-1\/glucagon receptor dual agonist","volume":"113","author":"Nestor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Peptide Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.07.006","article-title":"Effect of pemvidutide, a GLP-1\/glucagon dual receptor agonist, on MASLD: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"82","author":"Harrison","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2401755","article-title":"A Phase 2 Randomized Trial of Survodutide in MASH and Fibrosis","volume":"391","author":"Sanyal","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15167","article-title":"The novel GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist retatrutide delays gastric emptying","volume":"25","author":"Urva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15060796","article-title":"Retatrutide-A Game Changer in Obesity Pharmacotherapy","volume":"15","author":"Katsi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03018-2","article-title":"Triple hormone receptor agonist retatrutide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized phase 2a trial","volume":"30","author":"Sanyal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106786","article-title":"Roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)","volume":"192","author":"Qiu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2024.111688","article-title":"MASLD\/MASH and type 2 diabetes: Two sides of the same coin? From single PPAR to pan-PPAR agonists","volume":"212","author":"Cooreman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2036205","article-title":"A Randomized, Controlled Trial of the Pan-PPAR Agonist Lanifibranor in NASH","volume":"385","author":"Francque","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2502242","article-title":"Efruxifermin in Compensated Liver Cirrhosis Caused by MASH","volume":"392","author":"Noureddin","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(23)00272-8","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of once-weekly efruxifermin versus placebo in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (HARMONY): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial","volume":"8","author":"Harrison","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00347-8","article-title":"Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of pegozafermin in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1b\/2a multiple-ascending-dose study","volume":"8","author":"Loomba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2304286","article-title":"Randomized, Controlled Trial of the FGF21 Analogue Pegozafermin in NASH","volume":"389","author":"Loomba","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00246-2","article-title":"Denifanstat for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial","volume":"9","author":"Loomba","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2025.103786","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of fibroblast growth factor 21 analogs in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"393","author":"Abdeljawad","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2021.0621","article-title":"Thyroid Hormone Decreases Hepatic Steatosis, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in a Dietary Mouse Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"32","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2428","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI60580","article-title":"Thyroid hormone stimulates hepatic lipid catabolism via activation of autophagy","volume":"122","author":"Sinha","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-024-00991-4","article-title":"Actions of thyroid hormones and thyromimetics on the liver","volume":"22","author":"Sinha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2024.08.009","article-title":"Rezdiffra\u2122 (resmetirom): a THR-\u03b2 agonist for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"45","author":"Brisnovali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3204","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1300","article-title":"Thyroid Function and the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Rotterdam Study","volume":"101","author":"Bano","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04016.x","article-title":"Association between thyroid function and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in euthyroid elderly Chinese","volume":"75","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2024-332491","article-title":"Association between primary hypothyroidism and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"73","author":"Mantovani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib149","article-title":"Thyroid dysfunction in MASLD: Results of a nationwide study","volume":"7","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.05.025","article-title":"Impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective case-control study","volume":"57","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4591","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1302","article-title":"Repair-related activation of hedgehog signaling in stromal cells promotes intrahepatic hypothyroidism","volume":"155","author":"Bohinc","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.08.014","article-title":"Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Low-Normal Thyroid Function Are Associated With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3035","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI60047","article-title":"Mechanisms of thyroid hormone action","volume":"122","author":"Brent","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8329","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.22.8329-8342.2000","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of two novel thyroid hormone receptor beta isoforms","volume":"20","author":"Williams","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Cel. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0007","article-title":"Molecular aspects of thyroid hormone actions","volume":"31","author":"Cheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2011-1290","article-title":"Fundamentally distinct roles of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in a thyrotroph cell line are due to differential DNA binding","volume":"26","author":"Chiamolera","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2010-0202","article-title":"Analysis of agonist and antagonist effects on thyroid hormone receptor conformation by hydrogen\/deuterium exchange","volume":"25","author":"Figueira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.143","article-title":"Thyroid hormone receptors and resistance to thyroid hormone disorders","volume":"10","author":"Ortiga-Carvalho","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.2.7935","article-title":"Cardiac ion channel expression and contractile function in mice with deletion of thyroid hormone receptor alpha or beta","volume":"142","author":"Gloss","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2010-0175","article-title":"The thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 protein is expressed in embryonic postmitotic neurons and persists in most adult neurons","volume":"24","author":"Wallis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-06-02288.1992","article-title":"3rd: Spatial and temporal expression of alpha- and beta-thyroid hormone receptor mRNAs, including the beta 2-subtype, in the developing mammalian nervous system","volume":"12","author":"Bradley","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7250","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.18.7250","article-title":"Differential expression of alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptor genes in rat brain and pituitary","volume":"86","author":"Bradley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2003-0033","article-title":"Thyroid hormone action in the heart","volume":"26","author":"Kahaly","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32517-6","article-title":"Resmetirom (MGL-3196) for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial","volume":"394","author":"Harrison","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2309000","article-title":"A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Resmetirom in NASH with Liver Fibrosis","volume":"390","author":"Harrison","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0801936","article-title":"SLCO1B1 variants and statin-induced myopathy--a genomewide study","volume":"359","author":"Link","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1080\/00498250801986951","article-title":"Xenobiotic transporters of the human organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATP) family","volume":"38","author":"Hagenbuch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Xenobiotica."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-003-1168-y","article-title":"Organic anion transporting polypeptides of the OATP\/ SLC21 family: phylogenetic classification as OATP\/ SLCO superfamily, new nomenclature and molecular\/functional properties","volume":"447","author":"Hagenbuch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2698","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00475","article-title":"Low-Dose Levothyroxine Reduces Intrahepatic Lipid Content in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and NAFLD","volume":"103","author":"Bruinstroop","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31296","article-title":"Thyroid Hormone Signaling and the Liver","volume":"72","author":"Ritter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2013","article-title":"Thyroid hormone regulation of metabolism","volume":"94","author":"Mullur","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(95)00014-U","article-title":"The role of thyroid hormone and promoter diversity in the regulation of nuclear encoded mitochondrial proteins","volume":"1271","author":"Nelson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12242806","article-title":"Thyroid Hormone and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Therapeutic Implications for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)","volume":"12","author":"Ramanathan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.05.009","article-title":"Coordination of mitochondrial biogenesis by thyroid hormone","volume":"342","author":"Weitzel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cel. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aam5855","article-title":"Thyroid hormone receptor and ERR\u03b1 coordinately regulate mitochondrial fission, mitophagy, biogenesis, and function","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.437970","article-title":"Role of sirtuin 1 in the regulation of hepatic gene expression by thyroid hormone","volume":"288","author":"Thakran","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1061849","article-title":"Thyroid hormone induction of mitochondrial activity is coupled to mitophagy via ROS-AMPK-ULK1 signaling","volume":"11","author":"Sinha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-016-0113-7","article-title":"Thyroid hormone-mediated autophagy and mitochondrial turnover in NAFLD","volume":"6","author":"Sinha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34114","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305417200","article-title":"Thyroid hormone regulation and cholesterol metabolism are connected through Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein-2 (SREBP-2)","volume":"278","author":"Shin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2007.05.001","article-title":"Activation of the hepatic LDL receptor promoter by thyroid hormone","volume":"1771","author":"Lopez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10297","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504379102","article-title":"Selective thyroid receptor modulation by GC-1 reduces serum lipids and stimulates steps of reverse cholesterol transport in euthyroid mice","volume":"102","author":"Johansson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3451","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1506113113","article-title":"Thyroid hormones inhibit TGF-\u03b2 signaling and attenuate fibrotic responses","volume":"113","author":"Alonso-Merino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2020.0071","article-title":"Thyroid Hormone Analogues: An Update","volume":"30","author":"Zucchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3057","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.9.7681","article-title":"The thyroid hormone receptor-beta-selective agonist GC-1 differentially affects plasma lipids and cardiac activity","volume":"141","author":"Trost","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0973","article-title":"Effects of the thyroid hormone receptor agonist GC-1 on metabolic rate and cholesterol in rats and primates: selective actions relative to 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine","volume":"145","author":"Grover","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1135","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00506.2002","article-title":"Spared bone mass in rats treated with thyroid hormone receptor TR beta-selective compound GC-1","volume":"285","author":"Freitas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2981","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-108464","article-title":"Thyroid hormone (T3) and TRbeta agonist GC-1 inhibit\/reverse nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats","volume":"22","author":"Perra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Faseb j"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00331","article-title":"Selective Thyroid Hormone Receptor-Beta (TR\u03b2) Agonists: New Perspectives for the Treatment of Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Disorders","volume":"7","author":"Saponaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905633","article-title":"Use of the thyroid hormone analogue eprotirome in statin-treated dyslipidemia","volume":"362","author":"Ladenson","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6136","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-2081","article-title":"Thyroid hormone receptor agonists reduce serum cholesterol independent of the LDL receptor","volume":"153","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15490","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702759104","article-title":"Targeting thyroid hormone receptor-beta agonists to the liver reduces cholesterol and triglycerides and improves the therapeutic index","volume":"104","author":"Erion","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.108.021642","article-title":"Preclinical pharmacokinetics of a HepDirect prodrug of a novel phosphonate-containing thyroid hormone receptor agonist","volume":"36","author":"Fujitaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22572","article-title":"Reduction of hepatic steatosis in rats and mice after treatment with a liver-targeted thyroid hormone receptor agonist","volume":"49","author":"Cable","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7075","DOI":"10.1021\/jm800824d","article-title":"Synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of liver-selective phosphonic acid thyroid hormone receptor agonists and their prodrugs","volume":"51","author":"Boyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2009.00038.x","article-title":"Thyroid hormone beta receptor activation has additive cholesterol lowering activity in combination with atorvastatin in rabbits, dogs and monkeys","volume":"156","author":"Ito","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib196","first-page":"13","article-title":"Results From the 52-Week Phase 2b VOYAGE Trial of VK2809 in Patients With Biopsy-Confirmed Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"20","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Hepatol. (N Y)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14840","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.4c01029","article-title":"Discovery and Preclinical Profile of ALG-055009, a Potent and Selective Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta (THR-\u03b2) Agonist for the Treatment of MASH","volume":"67","author":"Vandyck","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17457","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5c00994","article-title":"Discovery of Highly Potent, Selective, and Liver-Targeted THR-\u03b2 Agonists for the Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis","volume":"68","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.08.008","article-title":"Thyroid hormone receptor-beta agonist HSK31679 alleviates MASLD by modulating gut microbial sphingolipids","volume":"82","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2025.08.009","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of HSK31679 in Asian patients with MASLD: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Xue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002901","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of resmetirom in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Abbasi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2919","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02603-1","article-title":"Resmetirom for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial","volume":"29","author":"Harrison","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2013.07.056","article-title":"Lipid lowering in healthy volunteers treated with multiple doses of MGL-3196, a liver-targeted thyroid hormone receptor-\u03b2 agonist","volume":"230","author":"Taub","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2025.106440","article-title":"Effect of resmetirom on lipid profile and adiponectin levels","volume":"141","author":"Simental-Mend\u00eda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1657","article-title":"Effects of Resmetirom on Noninvasive Endpoints in a 36-Week Phase 2 Active Treatment Extension Study in Patients With NASH","volume":"5","author":"Harrison","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.07.039","article-title":"Hepatic Fat Reduction Due to Resmetirom in Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Is Associated With Improvement of Quality of Life","volume":"20","author":"Younossi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000001084","article-title":"Health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessments in a 52-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III study of resmetirom (MGL-3196) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and fibrosis","volume":"81","author":"Younossi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002892","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of resmetirom for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a GRADE assessed systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Talha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1515\/jbcpp-2024-0140","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of resmetirom in MASLD and MASH: network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"36","author":"Ayesh","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17734","article-title":"Design of the phase 3 MAESTRO clinical program to evaluate resmetirom for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"59","author":"Harrison","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5843","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065843","article-title":"Resmetirom Ameliorates NASH-Model Mice by Suppressing STAT3 and NF-\u03baB Signaling Pathways in an RGS5-Dependent Manner","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G483","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00079.2013","article-title":"Diet-induced mouse model of fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis reflecting clinical disease progression and methods of assessment","volume":"305","author":"Clapper","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-022-00700-y","article-title":"A researcher's guide to preclinical mouse NASH models","volume":"4","author":"Gallage","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-024-01303-x","article-title":"A new mechanism of thyroid hormone receptor \u03b2 agonists ameliorating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption via remodeling bile acid profiles","volume":"45","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.14217","article-title":"Beneficial effects of MGL-3196 and BAM15 combination in a mouse model of fatty liver disease","volume":"240","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2412","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15427","article-title":"Activation of thyroid hormone receptor-\u03b2 improved disease activity and metabolism independent of body weight in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis","volume":"178","author":"Kannt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13061315","article-title":"Combination Therapy of Half-Dose Resmetirom and Metformin Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis Through Improving Cholesterol Metabolism and Inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib219","article-title":"Repurposing resmetirom suppresses MASH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma, with mechanistic implications of MDK\/LRP1-mediated metabolic reprogramming and immunosuppression","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-026-01772-2","article-title":"Modulation of metabolic, inflammatory, fibrotic, and cell death pathways by resmetirom in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH): a transcriptomic profiling study","volume":"47","author":"He","year":"2026","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2025.03.022","article-title":"Resmetirom directly inhibits lipid accumulation in human liver-derived organoids","volume":"83","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib222","article-title":"Dissecting Acute Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Therapeutic Responses of Steatotic Liver Disease Using Primary Mouse Liver and Blood Cells in a Liver-On-A-Chip Model","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e168","DOI":"10.1161\/ATV.0000000000000153","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Risk: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association","volume":"42","author":"Duell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-023-10543-8","article-title":"An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on MAFLD and the risk of CVD","volume":"17","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0106-z","article-title":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Libby","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23063346","article-title":"Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis","volume":"23","author":"Jebari-Benslaiman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.04.004","article-title":"Atherosclerosis: Recent developments","volume":"185","author":"Bj\u00f6rkegren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3685","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaf314","article-title":"Clinical staging to guide management of metabolic disorders and their sequelae: a European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement","volume":"46","author":"Romeo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.08.023","article-title":"Hepatic steatosis aggravates atherosclerosis via small extracellular vesicle-mediated inhibition of cellular cholesterol efflux","volume":"79","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa099","article-title":"Targeting cardiovascular inflammation: next steps in clinical translation","volume":"42","author":"Lawler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2019.08.008","article-title":"NAFLD and Atherosclerosis: Two Sides of the Same Dysmetabolic Coin?","volume":"30","author":"Stols-Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0912063","article-title":"Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"363","author":"Targher","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/CP9.0000000000000078","article-title":"Pan-vascular disease: what we have done in the past and what we can do in the future?","volume":"9","author":"Wong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiol. Plus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac361","article-title":"Lipoprotein(a) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis: a European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement","volume":"43","author":"Kronenberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4359","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaf190","article-title":"2025 Focused Update of the 2019 ESC\/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias","volume":"46","author":"Mach","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib236","first-page":"0617","article-title":"Innovative Atherosclerosis Models: Advancing Pathophysiology and Translational Research","volume":"8","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Research (Wash D C)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-012615-044224","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and Disease Spectrum","volume":"11","author":"Hardy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.11.012","article-title":"Determinants of fibrosis progression and regression in NASH","volume":"68","author":"Schuppan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011_bib239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5c03114","article-title":"Targeting THR-\u03b2 for MASLD Treatment: Current Progression and Emerging Prospects","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."}],"container-title":["Molecular Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525001626002765?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525001626002765?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T12:15:54Z","timestamp":1788178554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525001626002765"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":236,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1525001626002765"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-0016","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A new liver-targeted agonist of thyroid hormone receptor beta resmetirom in treating MASLD\/MASH: From mechanism to therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2026.04.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}