{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T23:29:34Z","timestamp":1777764574522,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32 HL007034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32 HL007034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005188","name":"Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24RT-0035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24RT-0035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Preventive Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,3]],"date-time":"2020-10-03T01:39:57Z","timestamp":1601689197000},"page":"106259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Treating tobacco dependence to aid re-employment among job-seekers: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Judith J.","family":"Prochaska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cati","family":"Brown-Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Baiocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrienne S.","family":"Lazaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Chieng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Stinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Anzai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0005","series-title":"Quitline Services: Current Practice and Evidence Base","author":"Anderson","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30622-6","article-title":"Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D","volume":"10","author":"Andresen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0015","series-title":"Cigarette smoking and food insecurity among low-income famlies in the United States","author":"Armour","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd13.150503","article-title":"Absenteeism and employer costs associated with chronic diseases and health risk factors in the US workforce","volume":"13","author":"Asay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prev. Chronic Dis."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1303632","article-title":"Conflicts and compromises in not hiring smokers","volume":"368","author":"Asch","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2012-050888","article-title":"Estimating the cost of a smoking employee","volume":"23","author":"Berman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tob. Control."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0035","author":"Boonn"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000243406.08419.74","article-title":"Effect of smoking status on productivity loss","volume":"48","author":"Bunn","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2165\/00148365-200403040-00009","article-title":"Burning a hole in the budget: tobacco spending and its crowd-out of other goods","volume":"34","author":"Busch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Health Econ. Health Policy."},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0050","first-page":"1207","article-title":"Vital signs: current cigarette smoking among adults aged\u2265 18 years--United States, 2005\u20132010","volume":"60","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morbidity and mortality weekly report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0055","unstructured":"Current smoking status \u2013 adults age 18\u201365 by current employment status. http:\/\/ask.chis.ucla.edu. Accessed October 26, 2019."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2004.010611","article-title":"Unemployment and smoking: does psychosocial stress matter?","volume":"14","author":"De Vogli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tob. Control."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-659","article-title":"Health risk factors and self-rated health among job-seekers","volume":"11","author":"Freyer-Adam","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e31819eb902","article-title":"The relationship between modifiable health risk factors and medical expenditures, absenteeism, short-term disability, and presenteeism among employees at Novartis","volume":"51","author":"Goetzel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0075","first-page":"261","article-title":"Predictors of long-term smoking cessation in head and neck cancer patients","volume":"2","author":"Gritz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Prevent. Biomark."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyv026","article-title":"\u2018Cigarettes are priority\u2019: a qualitative study of how Australian socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers respond to rising cigarette prices","volume":"30","author":"Guillaumier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Educ. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1989.tb03059.x","article-title":"Measuring the heaviness of smoking: using self-reported time to the first cigarette of the day and number of cigarettes smoked per day","volume":"84","author":"Heatherton","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br. J. Addict."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/1462220031000070552","article-title":"Measures of abstinence in clinical trials: issues and recommendations","volume":"5","author":"Hughes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1023\/B:EJEP.0000027356.71414.bd","article-title":"Increased prevalence of depression, smoking, heavy drinking and Use of psycho-active drugs among unemployed men in France","volume":"19","author":"Khlat","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0100","first-page":"179","article-title":"Smoking and mental illness: a population-based prevalence study","volume":"2002","author":"Lasser","year":"2002","journal-title":"Year Book of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.5990","article-title":"Place-based inequity in smoking prevalence in the largest cities in the United States","volume":"179","author":"Leas","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1179173X20921446","article-title":"Smoking and unemployment: a photo elicitation project","volume":"13","author":"Michalek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tobacco Use Insights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2018-210998","article-title":"Neighborhood disparities in the price of the cheapest cigarettes in the United States","volume":"73","author":"Mills","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106019","article-title":"Are state-level income-based disparities in adult smoking declining?","volume":"133","author":"Mills","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"issue":"75","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.05.035","article-title":"Smoking among construction workers: the nonlinear influence of the economy, cigarette prices, and antismoking sentiment","volume":"8","author":"Okechukwu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0130","series-title":"825 620","author":"Palmer v. Liggett Group, Inc","year":"2020"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.47.9.1102","article-title":"In search of how people change: applications to addictive behaviors","volume":"47","author":"Prochaska","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.25.3.380","article-title":"Comparing intervention outcomes in smokers treated for single versus multiple behavioral risks","volume":"25","author":"Prochaska","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Psychol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2007.11.007","article-title":"Initial efficacy of MI, TTM tailoring and HRI\u2019s with multiple behaviors for employee health promotion","volume":"46","author":"Prochaska","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"issue":"56","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2013.01.021","article-title":"Tobacco use among the job-seeking unemployed in California","volume":"5","author":"Prochaska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.0772","article-title":"Likelihood of unemployed smokers vs nonsmokers attaining reemployment in a one-year observational study","volume":"176","author":"Prochaska","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0160","article-title":"Financial hardship motivation to quit and post-quit spending plans among low-income smokers enrolled in a smoking cessation trial","volume":"13","author":"Rogers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Substance Abuse: Res. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0165","unstructured":"State of California EDD, Labor Market Information Division. Unemployment Rate Historical Trend for San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco Metropolitan Division. https:\/\/www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov\/file\/lfmonth\/sanf$pds.pdf Published 2019. Accessed October 26, 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0170","unstructured":"Tobacco Use and Dependence Guideline Panel. Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/professionals\/clinicians-providers\/guidelines-recommendations\/tobacco\/index.html. Accessed June 2019, 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0175","series-title":"The Health Consequences of Smoking: 50 Years of Progress. A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA. US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(03)00084-4","article-title":"A comparison of four self-report smoking cessation outcome measures","volume":"29","author":"Velicer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.60.12.948","article-title":"From insecure to secure employment: changes in work, health, health related behaviours, and sickness absence","volume":"60","author":"Virtanen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."}],"container-title":["Preventive Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091743520302838?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091743520302838?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T15:06:36Z","timestamp":1777475196000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091743520302838"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S0091743520302838"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-7435"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-7435","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Treating tobacco dependence to aid re-employment among job-seekers: A randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Preventive Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106259","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106259"}}