{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T04:39:43Z","timestamp":1777091983037,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Preventive Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T06:26:21Z","timestamp":1712039181000},"page":"107945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Electronic nicotine delivery system use and its relation to waterpipe smoking among youth in seven Arab countries"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Mohammad S.","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Aburezq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noura","family":"AlSaeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahraa","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Fayrouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalifa","family":"Almunefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dania","family":"Bahdila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7828","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19137828","article-title":"Knowledge and use of electronic cigarettes in young adults in the United Arab Emirates, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"19","author":"Abbasi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0010","series-title":"Tobacco, Nicotine, and e-Cigarettes Research Report","author":"Abuse, N.I.o.D","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-8381-x","article-title":"Knowledge and attitudes towards E-cigarette use in Lebanon and their associated factors","volume":"20","author":"Aghar","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18147652","article-title":"Patterns of Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Vaping among University Students in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study","volume":"18","author":"Ahmed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0025","article-title":"E-cigarettes in the Middle East: The known, unknown, and what needs to be known next","volume":"31","author":"Al-Hamdani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prev. Med. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13101039","article-title":"Tobacco control progress in low and middle income countries in comparison to high income countries","volume":"13","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306416","article-title":"Balancing consideration of the risks and benefits of e-cigarettes","volume":"111","author":"Balfour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S1463423621000062","article-title":"Perception of adults toward electronic cigarettes: a cross-sectional study from Jordan","volume":"22","author":"Barakat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prim. Health Care Res. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.23266","article-title":"Assessment of patterns in e-cigarette use among adults in the US, 2017-2020","volume":"5","author":"Boakye","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0050","series-title":"Tobacco product use among adults\u2014United States, 2019","first-page":"69","author":"Cornelius","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0055","series-title":"The Tobacco Atlas","author":"Drope","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0060","series-title":"Public Health Consequences of e-Cigarettes","author":"Eaton","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040617-013757","article-title":"E-cigarettes: use, effects on smoking, risks, and policy implications","volume":"39","author":"Glantz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.18332\/tid\/129266","article-title":"Gender differences in waterpipe tobacco smoking among university students in four Eastern Mediterranean countries","volume":"18","author":"Hamadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tob. Induc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntv101","article-title":"Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Prevalence and Correlates in 25 Eastern Mediterranean and Eastern European Countries: Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey","volume":"18","author":"Jawad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245443","article-title":"Perceptions, symptoms, and practices of electronic cigarette users: Descriptive analysis and validation of Arabic short form vaping consequences questionnaire","volume":"16","author":"Karasneh","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.7.1121","article-title":"Longitudinal tracking of adolescent smoking, physical activity, and food choice behaviors","volume":"84","author":"Kelder","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1080\/03630242.2012.753978","article-title":"Women and waterpipe tobacco smoking in the eastern mediterranean region: allure or offensiveness","volume":"53","author":"Khalil","year":"2013","journal-title":"Women Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.18001\/TRS.3.1.2","article-title":"Sources of electronic cigarette acquisition among adolescents in Connecticut","volume":"3","author":"Kong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tob. Regul. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.682355","article-title":"Prevalence, risk factors, harm perception, and attitudes toward e-cigarette use among university students in Qatar: a cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Kurdi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010216.pub2","article-title":"Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction","volume":"12","author":"McRobbie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62189-3","article-title":"The state of health in the Arab world, 1990\u20132010: an analysis of the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors","volume":"383","author":"Mokdad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.26719\/2018.24.1.17","article-title":"Multiple tobacco use among young adult waterpipe smokers in Egypt","volume":"24","author":"Mostafa","year":"2018","journal-title":"East Mediterr. Health J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.4103\/atm.ATM_76_18","article-title":"Electronic cigarette among health science students in Saudi Arabia","volume":"14","author":"Qanash","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Thoracic Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0130","series-title":"Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and initiation among young people in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019","author":"Reitsma","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0135","series-title":"Controls and Requirements for Electronic Smoking Services","author":"Saudi Food and Drug Authority","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntab102","article-title":"High school seniors who used e-cigarettes may have otherwise been cigarette smokers: evidence from monitoring the future (United States, 2009\u20132018)","volume":"23","author":"Sokol","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306686","article-title":"Prevalence of e-cigarette use and its associated factors among Youths aged 12 to 16 years in 68 countries and territories: global youth tobacco survey, 2012\u20132019","volume":"112","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0150","article-title":"E-cigarette use among youth: A report of the surgeon general\u2014Executive summary","author":"US Department of Health Human Services","year":"2016","journal-title":"Off. Smok."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.045120","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"85","author":"Von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0160","first-page":"868","article-title":"Tobacco use by youth: a surveillance report from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey project","volume":"78","author":"Warren","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0120","series-title":"WHO report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2021: Addressing New and Emerging Products","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256044","article-title":"Association between electronic nicotine delivery systems and electronic non-nicotine delivery systems with initiation of tobacco use in individuals aged< 20 years. A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Yoong","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Preventive Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091743524001002?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091743524001002?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T19:49:14Z","timestamp":1714160954000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091743524001002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0091743524001002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-7435"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-7435","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Electronic nicotine delivery system use and its relation to waterpipe smoking among youth in seven Arab countries","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Preventive Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.107945","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107945"}}