{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T06:47:56Z","timestamp":1788245276597,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01CE003294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CE003294"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R49CE003085"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R49CE003085"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Preventive Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T15:49:25Z","timestamp":1725292165000},"page":"108124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Firearm violence and associated factors among young adults presenting to emergency departments in three cities: Baseline results from Project SPARK"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Jason E.","family":"Goldstick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Whiteside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Kit","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Stallworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keara","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Childs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Taga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca M.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2017.7.34373","article-title":"Effectiveness of SBIRT for alcohol use disorders in the emergency department: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Barata","year":"2017","journal-title":"West. J. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.4052","article-title":"Brief intervention for patients with problematic drug use presenting in emergency departments: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"174","author":"Bogenschutz","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2014.09.019","article-title":"Understanding the service needs of assault-injured, drug-using youth presenting for care in an urban Emergency Department","volume":"41","author":"Bohnert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0020","first-page":"287","article-title":"Misura e determinanti personali della prosocialit\u00e0. Un Approccio Sociale","volume":"32","author":"Caprara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cognitivo"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-3572","article-title":"Firearm violence among high-risk emergency department youth after an assault injury","volume":"135","author":"Carter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13021","article-title":"Efficacy of a universal brief intervention for violence among urban emergency department youth","volume":"23","author":"Carter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2021.09.003","article-title":"Translating violence prevention programs from research to practice: SafERteens implementation in an urban emergency department","volume":"62","author":"Carter","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0040","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0045","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0050","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0055","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0060","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0065","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2000.61.579","article-title":"Screening adolescents for problem drinking: performance of brief screens against DSM-IV alcohol diagnoses","volume":"61","author":"Chung","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Stud. Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cunningham RM, Murray R, Walton MA, et al. Prevalence of past year assault among inner-city emergency department patients. Ann. Emerg. Med. Jun 2009;53(6):814\u201323.e15. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2009.01.016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2009.01.016"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3419","article-title":"Brief motivational interviewing intervention for peer violence and alcohol use in teens: one-year follow-up","volume":"129","author":"Cunningham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12151","article-title":"Dating violence: outcomes following a brief motivational interviewing intervention among at-risk adolescents in an urban emergency department","volume":"20","author":"Cunningham","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Acad. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.1900","article-title":"Violent reinjury and mortality among youth seeking emergency department care for assault-related injury: a 2-year prospective cohort study","volume":"169","author":"Cunningham","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2244240","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.44240","article-title":"Firearm injuries are a critical driver of health disparities in the United States","volume":"5","author":"Degli Esposti","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000157133.80396.1c","article-title":"Alcohol interventions for trauma patients treated in emergency departments and hospitals: a cost benefit analysis","volume":"241","author":"Gentilello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-1927","article-title":"Development of the SaFETy score: a clinical screening tool for predicting future firearm violence risk","volume":"166","author":"Goldstick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2019.00258","article-title":"US firearm-related mortality: national, state, and population trends, 1999-2017","volume":"38","author":"Goldstick","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Affairs (Project Hope)."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-019-00021-8","article-title":"Predictors of transitions in firearm assault behavior among drug-using youth presenting to an urban emergency department","volume":"42","author":"Goldstick","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Behav. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.2986","article-title":"Current epidemiological trends in firearm mortality in the United States","volume":"78","author":"Goldstick","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2201761","article-title":"Current causes of death in children and adolescents in the United States","volume":"386","author":"Goldstick","year":"2022","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7326\/M24-0026","article-title":"Association Between the SaFETy Score and Self-reported Firearm Violence Among Young Adults Presenting to Emergency Departments in Three Cities: A Cross-Sectional Study","author":"Goldstick","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.focus.2023.100146","article-title":"Screening for youth firearm violence exposure in primary care","volume":"3","author":"Goyal","year":"2024","journal-title":"AJPM Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0140","series-title":"Children\u2019s Perceptions of Environmental Violence","author":"Hill","year":"1991"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.6696","article-title":"Epidemiologic Trends in Fatal and Nonfatal Firearm Injuries in the US, 2009\u20132017","volume":"181","author":"Kaufman","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002978","article-title":"Social determinants of health in relation to firearm-related homicides in the United States: a nationwide multilevel cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.04.005","article-title":"An abbreviated PTSD checklist for use as a screening instrument in primary care","volume":"43","author":"Lang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.08.003","article-title":"Screening, brief interventions, referral to treatment (SBIRT) for illicit drug and alcohol use at multiple healthcare sites: comparison at intake and 6 months later","volume":"99","author":"Madras","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0165","author":"National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0170","author":"National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.10111704","article-title":"The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale: initial validity and internal consistency findings from three multisite studies with adolescents and adults","volume":"168","author":"Posner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00898416","article-title":"Measures of perceived social support from friends and from family: three validation studies","volume":"11","author":"Procidano","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am. J. Community Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.12.002","article-title":"PTSD, cyberbullying and peer violence: prevalence and correlates among adolescent emergency department patients","volume":"39","author":"Ranney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2244221","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.44221","article-title":"Trends and disparities in firearm fatalities in the United States, 1990-2021","volume":"5","author":"Rees","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0852","article-title":"Evaluation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item for detecting major depression among adolescents","volume":"126","author":"Richardson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0200","series-title":"Survey of Exposure to Community Violence: Self-Report Version","author":"Richters","year":"1990"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191103258144","article-title":"The development and psychometric evaluation of the brief resilient coping scale","volume":"11","author":"Sinclair","year":"2004","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1177\/019251396017003001","article-title":"The revised conflict tactics scales (CTS2) development and preliminary psychometric data","volume":"17","author":"Straus","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Fam. Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0220","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0225","author":"The Child & Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative (CAHMI)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0230","author":"The GenIUSS Group"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0235","first-page":"437","article-title":"Firearm homicides among hispanics and white non-hispanics: measuring disparities","volume":"29","author":"Vargas","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2008.12.005","article-title":"Rates and correlates of violent behaviors among adolescents treated in an urban emergency department","volume":"45","author":"Walton","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1066","article-title":"Effects of a brief intervention for reducing violence and alcohol misuse among adolescents: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"304","author":"Walton","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2011.01.009","article-title":"Self-reported violence-related outcomes for adolescents within eight weeks of emergency department treatment for assault injury","volume":"49","author":"Wiebe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014632911622","article-title":"Natural mentors and adolescent resiliency: a study with urban youth","volume":"30","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Community Psychol."}],"container-title":["Preventive Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091743524002792?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091743524002792?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T09:24:01Z","timestamp":1733477041000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091743524002792"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0091743524002792"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-7435"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-7435","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Firearm violence and associated factors among young adults presenting to emergency departments in three cities: Baseline results from Project SPARK","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Preventive Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108124","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108124"}}