{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:20:53Z","timestamp":1793830853025,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Preventive Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T04:40:05Z","timestamp":1731559205000},"page":"108175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Association of vaping with respiratory symptoms in U.S. young adults: Nicotine, cannabis, and dual vaping"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Ruoyan","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela R.","family":"Oates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2023-058303","article-title":"Easy access: identification verification and shipping methods used by online vape shops","author":"Bertrand","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tob. Control"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2022-218743","article-title":"Not all vaping is the same: differential pulmonary effects of vaping cannabidiol versus nicotine","volume":"78","author":"Bhat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.07.028","article-title":"Association of e-cigarette use with respiratory disease among adults: a longitudinal analysis","volume":"58","author":"Bhatta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2021.106800","article-title":"Cannabis vaping among adults in the United States: prevalence, trends, and association with high-risk behaviors and adverse respiratory conditions","volume":"153","author":"Boakye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2021.01.019","article-title":"Cannabis, vaping, and respiratory symptoms in a probability sample of US youth","volume":"69","author":"Boyd","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.30189","article-title":"Assessment of nicotine and cannabis vaping and respiratory symptoms in young adults","volume":"3","author":"Braymiller","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0035","series-title":"Outbreak of lung injury associated with the use of e-cigarette, or vaping, products","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2020"},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxaa016","article-title":"Cannabis vaping: understanding the health risks of a rapidly emerging trend","volume":"25","author":"Chadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Paediatr. Child Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15892","article-title":"Association between the implementation of tobacco control policies and adolescent vaping in 44 lower-middle, upper-middle, and high-income countries","volume":"117","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2016.02.002","article-title":"E-cigarette design preference and smoking cessation: a US population study","volume":"51","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.29167","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with vaping cannabidiol among US adolescents","volume":"6","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.40859","article-title":"E-cigarette use among US adults in the 2021 behavioral risk factor surveillance system survey","volume":"6","author":"Erhabor","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13542","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192013542","article-title":"Polydrug definition and assessment: the state of the art","volume":"19","author":"Font-Mayolas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.1957","article-title":"Individual and combined association between prenatal polysubstance exposure and childhood risk of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"5","author":"Garrison-Desany","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6806e1","article-title":"Vital signs: tobacco product use among middle and high school students\u2014United States, 2011\u20132018","volume":"68","author":"Gentzke","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9688","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18189688","article-title":"Validation of an index for functionally important respiratory symptoms among adults in the nationally representative population assessment of tobacco and health study, 2014\u20132016","volume":"18","author":"Halenar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-022-00413-y","article-title":"Cannabis vaping among youth and young adults: a scoping review","volume":"9","author":"Harrell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Addict. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0299834","article-title":"Longitudinal association between e-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms among US adults: findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Waves 4\u20135","volume":"19","author":"Karey","year":"2024","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-063984","article-title":"Modification of electronic nicotine delivery systems among adolescents and young adults","volume":"154","author":"Kong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0100","first-page":"96","article-title":"Timing of alcohol and other drug use","volume":"31","author":"Martin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol Res. Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2006.67.529","article-title":"Simultaneous and concurrent polydrug use of alcohol and prescription drugs: prevalence, correlates, and consequences","volume":"67","author":"McCabe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.07.013","article-title":"A review of the additive health risk of cannabis and tobacco co-use","volume":"166","author":"Meier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.09.021","article-title":"The influence of cannabis and nicotine co-use on neuromaturation: a systematic review of adolescent and young adult studies","volume":"89","author":"Mejia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2022.107552","article-title":"Recreational cannabis legalization alters associations among cannabis use, perception of risk, and cannabis use disorder treatment for adolescents and young adults","volume":"138","author":"Mennis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0125","series-title":"Public Health Consequences of e-Cigarettes","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0130","series-title":"Drug overdose death rates","author":"National Institute on Drug Use","year":"2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.6971","article-title":"Odds ratios\u2014current best practice and use","volume":"320","author":"Norton","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2024.108099","article-title":"Use of ENDS devices and modifications to vape cannabis among adolescents and young adults who also vape nicotine","volume":"157","author":"Ouellette","year":"2024","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2021.03.034","article-title":"Increases in frequent vaping of cannabis among high school seniors in the United States, 2018\u20132019","volume":"69","author":"Palamar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0150","series-title":"Monitoring the Future Panel Study Annual Report: National Data on Substance Use among Adults Ages 19 to 60, 1976\u20132022","author":"Patrick","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/tc-2023-058315","article-title":"Discreet shipping\u2019on TikTok enables selling of e-cigarettes to youth","author":"Pearson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tob. Control"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.10740","article-title":"Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems and age of asthma onset among US adults and youths","volume":"7","author":"P\u00e9rez","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2011.12.002","article-title":"Tobacco and marijuana use among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review of their co-use","volume":"32","author":"Ramo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.5239","article-title":"Shift from smoking cigarettes to vaping nicotine in young adults","volume":"184","author":"Sanford","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.23907\/2016.053","article-title":"Additive effects of cointoxicants in single-opioid induced deaths","volume":"6","author":"Sorg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acad. Forensic Pathol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.6102","article-title":"Evaluation of self-reported cannabis vaping among US youth and young adults who use e-cigarettes","volume":"176","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2022-218670","article-title":"Prospective study of e-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms in adolescents and young adults","volume":"79","author":"Tackett","year":"2024","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0190","author":"United States Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0195","series-title":"E-cigarettes authorized by the FDA","author":"United States Food and Drug Administration","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.23907\/2013.029","article-title":"State variation in certifying manner of death and drugs involved in drug intoxication deaths","volume":"3","author":"Warner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acad. Forensic Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12103-x","article-title":"Improving on estimates of the potential relative harm to health from using modern ENDS (vaping) compared to tobacco smoking","volume":"21","author":"Wilson","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202107-1718OC","article-title":"Association of electronic cigarette use with respiratory symptom development among US young adults","volume":"205","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/26.1.220","article-title":"Relationship between prevalence rate ratios and odds ratios in cross-sectional studies","volume":"26","author":"Zocchetti","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."}],"container-title":["Preventive Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S009174352400330X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S009174352400330X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T09:24:55Z","timestamp":1733477095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S009174352400330X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S009174352400330X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175","relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-7435"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-7435","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of vaping with respiratory symptoms in U.S. young adults: Nicotine, cannabis, and dual vaping","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Preventive Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2024.108175","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108175"}}