{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T20:32:44Z","timestamp":1783801964661,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]],"date-time":"2008-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,18]],"date-time":"2008-04-18T20:20:30Z","timestamp":1208550030000},"page":"46-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Axilla surface area for males and females: Measured distribution"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Christina","family":"Cowan-Ellsberry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline M.","family":"McNamee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyra","family":"Leazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.10.008","article-title":"Dermal sensitization Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) for fragrance ingredients","volume":"52","author":"Api","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib2","series-title":"The Growth of the Surface Area of the Human Body","author":"Boyd","year":"1935"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib3","unstructured":"Bremmer, H.J., Prud\u2019homme de Lodder, L.C.H., van Engelen, J.G.M., 2006. Cosmetics fact sheet to assess the risk for the consumer. RIVM report 320104001\/2006 <http:\/\/www.rivm.nl\/en\/healthanddisease\/productsafety\/ConsExpo.jsp>."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib4","series-title":"Practical Nonparametric Statistics","author":"Conover","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.41.220.681","article-title":"A simple empirical formula for calculating approximate surface area in children","volume":"41","author":"Costeff","year":"1966","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1916.00080130010002","article-title":"A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known","volume":"17","author":"DuBois","year":"1916","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib7","unstructured":"ECETOC, 2001. Exposure factors sourcebook for European population (with focus on UK data). Technical Report No. 79. Brussels, Belgium."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2002.470502.x","article-title":"A review of the scientific basis for uncertainty factors for use in quantitative risk assessment for the induction of allergic contact dermatitis","volume":"47","author":"Felter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0273-2300(02)00021-1","article-title":"Application of the risk assessment paradigm to the induction of allergic contact dermatitis","volume":"37","author":"Felter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib10","first-page":"275","article-title":"Quantification of contact hypersensitivity in man","volume":"vol.2l","author":"Friedmann","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib11","first-page":"225","article-title":"Estimation of human surface area from height and weight","volume":"1","author":"Gehan","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2001.450603.x","article-title":"Understanding fragrance allergy using an exposure-based risk assessment approach","volume":"45","author":"Gerberick","year":"2001","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.06.017","article-title":"European consumer exposure to cosmetic products. A framework for conducting population exposure assessments","volume":"45","author":"Hall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80601-5","article-title":"Geometric method for measuring body surface area: a height-weight formula validated in infants, children, and adults","volume":"93","author":"Haycock","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1966.66","article-title":"The identification of contact allergens by human assay. II. Factors influencing the induction and measurement of allergic contact dermatitis","volume":"47","author":"Kligman","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E586","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2001.281.3.E586","article-title":"Body surface area prediction in normal-weight and obese patients","volume":"281","author":"Livingston","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2004.09.016","article-title":"Exposure data for cosmetic products: lipstick, body lotion, and face cream","volume":"43","author":"Loretz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2006.06.029","article-title":"Exposure data for personal care products: hairspray, spray perfume, liquid foundation, shampoo, body wash, and solid antiperspirant","volume":"44","author":"Loretz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.06.037","article-title":"Probabilistic modelling of European consumer exposure to cosmetic products","volume":"45","author":"McNamara","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib20","series-title":"Allergic Contact Dermatitis in the Guinea Pig","author":"Magnusson","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198908000-00035","article-title":"A simple calculation to estimate body surface area in adults and its correlation with the DuBois formula","volume":"17","author":"Mattar","year":"1989","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib22","first-page":"1130","article-title":"Simplified calculation of body surface area","volume":"318","author":"Mosteller","year":"1987","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0536.2000.042005251.x","article-title":"The importance of exposure estimation in the assessment of skin sensitization risk","volume":"42","author":"Robinson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib24","unstructured":"SCCNFP, 2003. The SCCNFP\u2019s notes of guidance for the testing of cosmetic ingredients and their safety evaluation, 5th Revision. Adopted by the SCCNFP during the 25th plenary meeting of 20 October 2003. SCCNFP\/0690\/03 Final."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591","article-title":"An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples)","volume":"52","author":"Shapiro","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib26","first-page":"123","article-title":"Use of probabilistic analysis in the refinement of exposure data for hydroalcoholic perfume products","volume":"202","author":"Tozer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib27","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services, 2005. Anthropometric reference data for children and adults: US population, 1999\u20132002. Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Health Statistics. Available from: <http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/bodymeas.htm>."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib28","unstructured":"U.S. EPA, 1985. Development of statistical distributions or ranges of standard factors used in exposure assessments. U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, EPA\/600\/8-85-010."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib29","unstructured":"U.S. EPA, 1997. Exposure Factors Handbook. Volume 1. General Factors. Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, EPA\/600\/P-95\/002Fa."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1992.tb03280.x","article-title":"Influence of area of application of allergens on sensitization in contact dermatitis","volume":"27","author":"Upadhye","year":"1992","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2005.11.004","article-title":"Body surface area in normal-weight, overweight, and obese adults. A comparison study","volume":"55","author":"Verbraecken","year":"2006","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1986.tb06646.x","article-title":"The effect of altering area of application and dose per area on sensitization by DNCB","volume":"155","author":"White","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-6870(03)00007-3","article-title":"The 3D scanner for measuring body surface area: a simplified calculation in the Chinese adult","volume":"34","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."}],"container-title":["Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0273230007002036?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0273230007002036?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,10]],"date-time":"2019-05-10T14:11:00Z","timestamp":1557497460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0273230007002036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0273230007002036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.12.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0273-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0273-2300","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]}}}