{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T22:57:18Z","timestamp":1790981838686,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,1]],"date-time":"2003-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1062374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0020-7519(03)00180-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,8]],"date-time":"2003-08-08T02:13:29Z","timestamp":1060308809000},"page":"1099-1104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Enhanced endothelial nitric oxide-synthase activity in mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Hema","family":"Viswambharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Seebeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588402100216","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Trypanosoma brucei infection in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). Ultrastructural pathology of the spleen, liver, heart, and kidney","volume":"21","author":"Anosa","year":"1984","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.38.6.605","article-title":"Immunological studies in congestive cardiomyopathy in Cameroon","volume":"38","author":"Blackett","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1976.tb07702.x","article-title":"Hypotension in rabbits infected with Trypanosoma brucei","volume":"58","author":"Boreham","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000046540","article-title":"Cultivation of Trypanosoma brucei ssp. in semi-defined and defined media","volume":"67","author":"Cross","year":"1973","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-002-8472-0","article-title":"Sleeping sickness and the brain","volume":"59","author":"Enaga","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2604","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.041359198","article-title":"Predominant role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis and vascular permeability","volume":"98","author":"Fukumura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1038\/288373a0","article-title":"The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine","volume":"288","author":"Furchgott","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.2000.00264.x","article-title":"In vitro induction of nitric oxide synthase in astrocytes and microglia by Trypanosoma brucei","volume":"22","author":"Girard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.2307\/3280376","article-title":"Changes in vascular smooth muscle contractility associated with Trypanosoma brucei infections in rats","volume":"65","author":"Greer","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.2000.4505","article-title":"Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in the central nervous system of mice chronically infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei","volume":"95","author":"Keita","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1991.tb09153.x","article-title":"Vascular smooth muscle sensitivity to noradrenaline is reduced during an infection with Trypanosoma brucei in rats and rabbits","volume":"142","author":"Khasar","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3334","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.7.3334-3338.1999","article-title":"T-cell responses during Trypanosoma brucei infections in mice deficient in inducible nitric oxide synthase","volume":"67","author":"Millar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8467","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.22.24.8467-8477.2002","article-title":"Rho GTPase\/Rho kinase negatively regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation through the inhibition of protein kinase B\/Akt in human endothelial cells","volume":"22","author":"Ming","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB14","first-page":"168","article-title":"The pathogenesis of experimentally induced Trypanosoma brucei infection in the dog. I. Tissue and organ damage","volume":"102","author":"Morrison","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780210","article-title":"Expression of nitric oxide synthases and nitrotyrosine during blood\u2013brain barrier breakdown and repair after cold injury","volume":"81","author":"Nag","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182002001683","article-title":"The relationship between endotoxins, nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokines in blood and intestinal tissues in experimental Trypanosoma brucei brucei infections","volume":"124","author":"Nyakundi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB17","first-page":"325","article-title":"A model for cardiopathy induced by Trypanosoma brucei brucei in mice. A histologic and immunopathologic study","volume":"99","author":"Poltera","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5492","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.10.5492","article-title":"Suppressor macrophages in African trypanosomiasis inhibit T cell proliferative responses by nitric oxide and prostaglandins","volume":"151","author":"Schleifer","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40091","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M205948200","article-title":"Microvascular hyperpermeability in caveolin-1 (\u2212\/\u2212) knock-out mice. Treatment with a specific nitric-oxide synthase inhibitor, l-NAME, restores normal microvascular permeability in Cav-1 null mice","volume":"277","author":"Schubert","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001012","article-title":"Working under pressure: the vascular endothelium in arterial hypertension","volume":"14","author":"Spieker","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Hum. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7357.203","article-title":"Human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"325","author":"Stich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250100588","article-title":"Constitutive nitric oxide synthase is associated with retinal vascular permeability in early diabetic rats","volume":"44","author":"Takeda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB23","first-page":"190","article-title":"Vascular endothelium","author":"Yang","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.95.7.1870","article-title":"Different effects of thrombin receptor activation on endothelium and smooth muscle cells of human coronary bypass vessels. Implications for venous bypass graft failure","volume":"95","author":"Yang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116634","article-title":"Endothelium-mediated coronary blood flow modulation in humans. Effects of age, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension","volume":"92","author":"Zeiher","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(03)00180-2_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11559","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M005419200","article-title":"Characterization of TbPDE2A, a novel cyclic nucleotide specific phosphodiesterase from the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei","volume":"276","author":"Zoraghi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."}],"container-title":["International Journal for Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020751903001802?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020751903001802?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T19:36:26Z","timestamp":1682537786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020751903001802"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0020751903001802"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0020-7519(03)00180-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7519"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7519","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}}}