{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T17:08:56Z","timestamp":1778260136192,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,1]],"date-time":"2003-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1062374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,1]],"date-time":"2003-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1062374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3643,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0042-6822(03)00415-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,11]],"date-time":"2003-10-11T00:49:49Z","timestamp":1065833389000},"page":"336-349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Molecular evolution of avian reovirus:"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"314","author":[{"given":"Hung J.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiao W.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liam C.","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming H.","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(92)90478-8","article-title":"Reovirus genome segment assortment into progeny genomes studies by the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against reovirus proteins","volume":"187","author":"Antczak","year":"1992","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2001.1159","article-title":"The avian reovirus genome segment S1 is a functionally tricistronic gene that expresses one structural and two nonstructural proteins in infected cells","volume":"290","author":"Bodelon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17789","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M202018200","article-title":"Modification of late membrane permeability in avian reovirus-infected cells","volume":"277","author":"Bodelon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050258","article-title":"Cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the S4 genome segment of avian reovirus S1133","volume":"142","author":"Chiu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Isolation of viral double-stranded RNAs using a LiCl fractionation procedure","volume":"8","author":"Diaz-Ruiz","year":"1978","journal-title":"Prep. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1999.9832","article-title":"Extensive sequence divergence and phylogenetic relationships between the fusogenic and nonfusogenic orthoreoviruses","volume":"260","author":"Duncan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB7","first-page":"13","article-title":"Studies on chronic respiratory disease of chickens II. isolation of a virus","volume":"18","author":"Fahey","year":"1954","journal-title":"Can. J. Comp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.2307\/1590984","article-title":"Serological comparison of avian reovirus isolates using virus neutralization and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","volume":"32","author":"Giambrone","year":"1988","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.2307\/1589226","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a virus associated with arthritis of chickens","volume":"17","author":"Glass","year":"1973","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01840889","article-title":"Estimation of average number of nucleotide substitutions when the rate of substitution varies with nucleotide","volume":"18","author":"Gojobori","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10015","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.24.10015","article-title":"Molecular clock of viral evolution, and the neutral theory","volume":"87","author":"Gojobori","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.0059","article-title":"Sequence diversity within the reovirus S3 gene","volume":"216","author":"Goral","year":"1996","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.2307\/1590390","article-title":"Identification and serological differentiation of several reovirus strains isolated from chickens with suspected malabsorption syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Hieronymus","year":"1983","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-81-4-929","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of the three polymerase genes (PB1, PB2 and PA) of influenza B virus","volume":"81","author":"Hiromoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB15","first-page":"69","article-title":"Serological characterization of reoviruses isolates from avian species in Taiwan","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Chin. Soc. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(91)90677-4","article-title":"The N-terminal hepta repeat region of reovirus cell attachment protein \u03c31 is responsible for \u03c31 oligomer stability and possesses intrinsic oligomerization function","volume":"182","author":"Leone","year":"1991","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/339031a0","article-title":"Alternative packing arrangements in the hydrophobic core of \u03bb receptor","volume":"339","author":"Lim","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4413","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.5.4413-4426.1999","article-title":"Comparative analysis of evolutionary mechanisms of the hemagglutinin and three internal protein genes of influenza B virus","volume":"73","author":"Lindstrom","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(99)00063-4","article-title":"Identification of the \u03c3C-encoded gene of avian reovirus by nested PCR and restriction endonuclease analysis","volume":"81","author":"Liu","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(97)02199-X","article-title":"Molecular characterization of avian reoviruses using nested PCR and nucleotide sequence analysis","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(02)00010-1","article-title":"Development of an ELISA for detection of antibodies to avian reovirus in chickens","volume":"102","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.3.1124-1131.2000","article-title":"Possible involvement of the double-stranded RNA-binding core protein \u03c3A in the resistance of avian reovirus to interferon","volume":"74","author":"Martinez-Costas","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.1.59-64.1997","article-title":"Protein architecture of avian reovirus S1133 and identification of the cell attachment protein","volume":"71","author":"Martinez-Costas","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB24","first-page":"554","article-title":"A comparative study of avian reovirus pathogenicity","volume":"39","author":"Ni","year":"1995","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2976","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.64.6.2976-2989.1990","article-title":"Structure of the reovirus cell-attachment protein","volume":"64","author":"Nibert","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7059","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.18.7059","article-title":"Host-independent evolution and a genetic classification of the hepadnavirus family based on nucleotide sequences","volume":"86","author":"Orito","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-77-6-1223","article-title":"Multiple-gene rotavirus reassortants responsible for an outbreak of gastroenteritis in central and northern Australia","volume":"77","author":"Palombo","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB28","first-page":"154","article-title":"Avian reovirus","volume":"56","author":"Robertson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Vet. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2307\/1591118","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo characterization of avian reoviruses. I. Pathogenicity and antigenic relatedness of several avian reovirus isolates","volume":"33","author":"Rosenberger","year":"1989","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB30","first-page":"406","article-title":"The neighbor-joining method","volume":"4","author":"Saitou","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB31","first-page":"273","article-title":"Distinct binding sites for zinc and double-stranded RNA in the reovirus outer capsid protein \u03c32","volume":"8","author":"Schiff","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/03079459608419120","article-title":"Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against avian reovirus strain S1133","volume":"25","author":"Shapouri","year":"1996","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-76-6-1515","article-title":"Cloning, sequencing and expression of the S1 gene of avian reovirus","volume":"76","author":"Shapouri","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.5.902","article-title":"A new class of fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins encoded by the non-enveloped fusogenic reoviruses","volume":"19","author":"Shmulevitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.19.3.968-976.1976","article-title":"Physical and chemical characterization of an avian reovirus","volume":"19","author":"Spandidos","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.41.100187.002205","article-title":"Rapid evolution of RNA viruses","volume":"41","author":"Steinhauer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.2307\/1590725","article-title":"Serological and pathogenic studies on avian reoviruses isolated in Japan","volume":"31","author":"Takase","year":"1987","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6775","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.10.6775-6777.1994","article-title":"Protein coding assignment of avian reovirus S1133","volume":"68","author":"Varela","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1993.1309","article-title":"Avian reovirus proteins associated with neutralization of virus infectivity","volume":"194","author":"Wickramasinghe","year":"1993","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1999.0020","article-title":"Synthesis in Escherichia coli of avian reovirus core protein A and its dsRNA-binding activity","volume":"266","author":"Yin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-79-6-1411","article-title":"Identification and characterization of RNA-binding activities of avian reovirus non-structural protein \u03c3NS","volume":"79","author":"Yin","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."}],"container-title":["Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004268220300415X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004268220300415X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T23:23:44Z","timestamp":1758583424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S004268220300415X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S004268220300415X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0042-6822(03)00415-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0042-6822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0042-6822","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Molecular evolution of avian reovirus:","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00415-X","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"converted-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}