{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T03:31:58Z","timestamp":1769916718717,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pedosphere"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s1002-0160(15)60055-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,23]],"date-time":"2016-05-23T00:34:31Z","timestamp":1463963671000},"page":"431-450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Risk Assessment of Metal Contamination in Soil and Groundwater in Asia: A Review of Recent Trends as well as Existing Environmental Laws and Regulations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Tianlik","family":"TEH","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nik Abdul Rahman","family":"NIK NORULAINI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"SHAHADAT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoonsing","family":"WONG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul Kadir","family":"MOHD OMAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4259","DOI":"10.1021\/es001069+","article-title":"Aging, bioavailability, and overestimation of risk from environmental pollutants","volume":"34","author":"Alexander","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.12.015","article-title":"Mapping risk of cadmium and lead contamination to human health in soils of Central Iran","volume":"347","author":"Amini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib3","author":"Amlinger"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2005.05.011","article-title":"The trace metal content of recent organic carbon-rich sediments: Implications for Cretaceous black shale formation","volume":"232","author":"Brumsack","year":"2006","journal-title":"Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-821X(79)90049-9","article-title":"Variable influence of the atmospheric flux on the trace metal chemistry of oceanic suspended matter","volume":"42","author":"Buat-Menard","year":"1979","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.09.044","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial activity and applications of polyaniline Ti(IV) arsenophosphate adsorbent for the analysis of organic and inorganic pollutants","volume":"264","author":"Bushra","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib7","author":"Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib8","series-title":"Guidance Manual for Developing Site-Specific Soil Quality Remediation Objectives for Contaminated Sites in Canada","author":"Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME)","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(00)00089-0","article-title":"Risk based characterisation of contaminated industrial site using multivariate and geostatistical tools","volume":"111","author":"Carlon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2008.10.011","article-title":"Heavy metal sources identification and sampling uncertainty analysis in a field-scale vegetable soil of Hangzhou, China","volume":"157","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(97)00003-1","article-title":"Assessment of trace metal distribution and contamination in surface soils of Hong Kong","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib12","series-title":"Using Science to Create a Better Place: Using Soil Guidelines Values","author":"Cole","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(94)90106-6","article-title":"Heavy metal and organic matter concentration and distributions in dated sediments of a small estuary adjacent to a small urban area","volume":"153","author":"Deely","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib14","author":"Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib15","author":"Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib16","author":"Department of Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Malaysia (DOE)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib17","author":"Department of Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Malaysia (DOE)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib18","author":"Department of Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Malaysia (DOE)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib19","series-title":"DIN 38414-4: German Standard Methods for the Examination of Water, Waste Water and Sludge; Sludge and Sediments (Group S); Determination of Leachability by Water (S4)","author":"Deutsches Institut f\u00fcr Normung e.V. (DIN)","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2009.06.015","article-title":"Contamination of woody habitat soils around a former lead smelter in the North of France","volume":"407","author":"Douay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7439(98)00152-X","article-title":"Geostatistical and multivariate statistical methods for the assessment of polluted soils\u2014merits and limitations","volume":"46","author":"Einax","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chemometr Intell Lab Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib22","author":"Environmental Protection Administration of Republic of China (CEPA)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib23","author":"European Environment Agency (EEA)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.06.102","article-title":"Comparative study of multimedia models applied to the risk assessment of soil and groundwater contamination sites in Taiwan","volume":"182","author":"Fan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib25","series-title":"Environmental Effects of Concrete","author":"F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale du B\u00e9ton (FIB)","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2005.09.036","article-title":"A preliminary study on mercury contamination to the environment from artisanal zinc smelting using indigenous methods in Hezhang County, Guizhou, China: Part 2. Mercury contaminations to soil and crop","volume":"368","author":"Feng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib27","first-page":"81","article-title":"The influence of selected soil parameters on the mobility of heavy metals in soils","volume":"15","author":"Fija\u0142kowski","year":"2012","journal-title":"In\u017cynieria Ochrona \u015arodowiska"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.09.024","article-title":"Assessment of heavy metal contamination in soils at Jajmau (Kanpur) and Unnao industrial areas of the Ganga Plain, Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"174","author":"Gowd","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(02)00024-7","article-title":"Levels of metals in soils of Alcal\u00e1 de Henares, Spain: Human health risks","volume":"28","author":"Granero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(80)90143-8","article-title":"An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control\u2014A sedimentological approach","volume":"14","author":"Hakanson","year":"1980","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2009.03.002","article-title":"Risk assessment of potentially toxic element pollution in soils and rice (Oryza sativa) in a typical area of the Yangtze River Delta","volume":"157","author":"Hang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib32","series-title":"Assessment of Reclamation of Contaminated Land","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7061(98)00027-5","article-title":"Mercury contamination in sandy soils surrounding an industrial emission source (Estarreja, Portugal)","volume":"85","author":"In\u00e1cio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib34","series-title":"Sustainable Development, Environment and Poverty Nexus. Occasional Paper No. 7","author":"Jalal","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(09)80002-4","article-title":"Behavioural properties of trace metals in soils","volume":"8","author":"Kabata-Pendias","year":"1993","journal-title":"Appl Geochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2004.01.004","article-title":"Soil-plant transfer of trace elements\u2014An environmental issue","volume":"122","author":"Kabata-Pendias","year":"2004","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib37","series-title":"Trace Element in Soils and Plants","author":"Kabata-Pendias","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib38","author":"Lam\u00e9"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.1997.tb00859.x","article-title":"An overview of a multimedia benchmarking analysis for three risk assessment models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS","volume":"17","author":"Laniak","year":"1997","journal-title":"Risk Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2005.03.024","article-title":"Metal contamination in urban, suburban, and country park soils of Hong Kong: A study based on GIS and multivariate statistics","volume":"356","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(96)00130-3","article-title":"Patterns of soil copper contamination and temporal changes in vegetation in the vicinity of a copper rod rolling factory","volume":"95","author":"Lepp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2011.11.041","article-title":"Multivariate and geostatistical analyzes of metals in urban soil of Weinan industrial areas, Northwest of China","volume":"47","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2003.09.030","article-title":"The study of metal contamination in urban soils of Hong Kong using a GIS-based approach","volume":"129","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-2927(01)00045-2","article-title":"Heavy metal contamination of urban soils and street dusts in Hong Kong","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl Geochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib45","first-page":"24","article-title":"Heavy metal contents and their spatial distribution in urban soil of Hefei City","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Urban Environ Urban Ecol (in Chinese)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2004.11.019","article-title":"Soil heavy metal contamination and acid deposition: Experimental approach on two forest soils in Hunan, Southern China","volume":"127","author":"Liao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib47","series-title":"Assessment and Management of Environmental Risks: Cost-efficient Methods and Applications","author":"Linkov","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.08.048","article-title":"Characterizing the risk assessment of heavy metals and sampling uncertainty analysis in paddy field by geostatistics and GIS","volume":"141","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib49","author":"Looi"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(03)00157-0","article-title":"Metal contamination of farming soils affected by industry","volume":"30","author":"Loska","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.06.097","article-title":"Assessment of soil contamination with Cd, Pb and Zn and source identification in the area around the Huludao Zinc Plant","volume":"182","author":"Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.11.024","article-title":"Heavy metal contamination in soils and vegetables near an e-waste processing site, south China","volume":"186","author":"Luo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00026572","article-title":"Can we determine the biological availability of sediment-bound trace elements?","volume":"176\/177","author":"Luoma","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(01)00049-6","article-title":"A review of the contamination of soil with lead: II. Spatial distribution and risk assessment of soil lead","volume":"27","author":"Markus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib55","author":"Ministry of Housing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib56","author":"Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Thailand"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib57","author":"Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib58","author":"Ministry of the Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib59","first-page":"108","article-title":"Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River","volume":"2","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1969","journal-title":"Geojournal"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib60","first-page":"157","article-title":"Die schwermetallbelastung der sedimenten des neckars und seiner nebenfl\u00fcsse","volume":"6","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1981","journal-title":"Chemiker Zeitung (in German)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3438","DOI":"10.1002\/app.36325","article-title":"Removal of toxic metal ions by using composite cation exchange material","volume":"125","author":"Nabi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Appl Polym Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2012.05.086","article-title":"Synthesis and characterization of novel cation exchange adsorbent for the treatment of real samples for metal ions","volume":"200-202","author":"Nabi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2010.08.068","article-title":"Development of composite ion-exchange adsorbent for pollutants removal from environmental wastes","volume":"165","author":"Nabi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1002\/clen.201000314","article-title":"Removal of heavy metals from synthetic mixture as well as pharmaceutical sample via cation exchange resin modified with rhodamine B: its thermodynamic and kinetic studies","volume":"39","author":"Nabi","year":"2011","journal-title":"CLEAN Soil Air Water"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib65","author":"National Environmental Board"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04810-3","article-title":"Lead contamination of soils and vegetation in the vicinity of a lead smelter in Nigeria","volume":"172","author":"Oyedele","year":"1995","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-0182(12)80028-9","article-title":"Contamination of the global environment as observed in the Arctic","volume":"82","author":"Pacyna","year":"1990","journal-title":"Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2007.02.008","article-title":"Monitoring metals in terrestrial environments within a bioavailability framework and a focus on soil extraction","volume":"67","author":"Peijnenburg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ecotox Environ Safe"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib69","author":"Professional Persons Environmental Consultative Committee (ProPECC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0269-7491(89)90155-3","article-title":"Impact of industrial and mine drainage wastes on the heavy metal distribution in the drainage basin and estuary of the Sado River (Portugal)","volume":"59","author":"Quevauviller","year":"1989","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5084","DOI":"10.1021\/es001339o","article-title":"Intrinsic flaws of element enrichment factors (EFs) in environmental geochemistry","volume":"34","author":"Reimann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2008.08.007","article-title":"A review of regulatory decisions for environmental protection: Part 1\u2014Challenges in the implementation of national soil policies","volume":"35","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Inter"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2005.03.023","article-title":"Legislation and ecological quality assessment of soil: implementation of ecological indication systems in Europe","volume":"62","author":"R\u00f6mbke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ecotox Environ Safe"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0375-6742(94)00039-E","article-title":"Environmental impacts of metals derived from mining activities: Processes, predictions, prevention","volume":"52","author":"Salomons","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Geochem Explor"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-1136(99)00033-1","article-title":"Iron as a reference element for determining trace metal enrichment in Southern California coastal shelf sediments","volume":"48","author":"Schiff","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mar Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib76","first-page":"19","article-title":"How the CERCLA notification requirements facilitate the creation of brownfields and what EPA can do to address this problem?","volume":"11","author":"Schnapf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sustain Devel Law Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20686","DOI":"10.1039\/c4ra01040j","article-title":"A comparative study for the characterization of polyaniline based nanocomposites and membrane properties","volume":"4","author":"Shahadat","year":"2014","journal-title":"RSC Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15525","DOI":"10.1021\/ie3014555","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, and sorption behavior of a novel composite cation exchange adsorbent","volume":"51","author":"Shahadat","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ind Eng Chem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2014.11.049","article-title":"Titanium-based nanocomposite materials: A review of recent advances and perspectives","volume":"126","author":"Shahadat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Colloid Surface B"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib80","first-page":"253","article-title":"Ecotoxicological testing and risk assessment of a heavy metal contaminated site","volume":"158","author":"Sipter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(97)00156-3","article-title":"Enrichment of PAHs and heavy metals in soils in the vicinity of the lignite-fired power plants of West Macedonia (Greece)","volume":"204","author":"Stalikas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib82","author":"State Environmental Protection Administration"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib83","series-title":"Multimedia Environmental Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS): Exposure Pathway Module Description","author":"Strenge","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(06)60069-7","article-title":"Temporal-spatial distribution and variability of cadmium contamination in soils in Shenyang Zhangshi irrigation area, China","volume":"18","author":"Sun","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Environ Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.09.074","article-title":"Spatial, sources and risk assessment of heavy metal contamination of urban soils in typical regions of Shenyang, China","volume":"174","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540050473","article-title":"Bed sediment associated trace metals in an urban-steam, Oahu, Hawaii","volume":"39","author":"Sutherland","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Geol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.08.134","article-title":"Heavy metal and persistent organic compound contamination in soil from Wenling: An emerging e-waste recycling city in Taizhou area, China","volume":"173","author":"Tang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1029\/95RG00262","article-title":"The geochemical evolution of the continental crust","volume":"33","author":"Taylor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Rev Geophys"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib89","series-title":"The Estuary as a Filter","first-page":"467","article-title":"An Environmental characterization of Chesapeake Bay and a framework for action","author":"Tippie","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib90","author":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib91","series-title":"Guidance for Data Usability in Risk Assessment","author":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib92","series-title":"MMSOILS Model: Multimedia Contaminated Fate, Transport, and Exposure Model. Documentation and User's Manual 4.0","author":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib93","author":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proenv.2010.10.174","article-title":"Environmental risk assessment of heavy metals in Bohai Sea, North China","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Environ Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/S1001-0742(07)60141-7","article-title":"Heavy metal availability and impact on activity of soil microorganisms along a Cu\/Zn contamination gradient","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Environ Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2009.09.014","article-title":"A review of heavy metal contaminations in urban soils, urban road dusts and agricultural soils from China","volume":"94","author":"Wei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microchem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(03)00403-0","article-title":"Pb contamination and isotopic composition of urban soils in Hong Kong","volume":"319","author":"Wong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(01)00325-6","article-title":"Heavy metals in agricultural soils of the Pearl River Delta, South China","volume":"119","author":"Wong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2006.12.032","article-title":"Multivariate statistics to investigate metal contamination in surface soil","volume":"86","author":"Yay","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Environ Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2011.04.004","article-title":"Heavy metal contamination of surface soil around Gebze industrial area, Turkey","volume":"99","author":"Yaylali-Abanuz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microchem J"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.05.002","article-title":"Health risk of Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu to the inhabitants around Huludao Zinc Plant in China via consumption of vegetables","volume":"383","author":"Zheng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.03.020","article-title":"A new multimedia contaminant fate model for China: How important are environmental parameters in influencing chemical persistence and long-range transport potential?","volume":"69","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Int"}],"container-title":["Pedosphere"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1002016015600558?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1002016015600558?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]],"date-time":"2018-09-11T22:20:35Z","timestamp":1536704435000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1002016015600558"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1002016015600558"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1002-0160(15)60055-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1002-0160"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1002-0160","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk Assessment of Metal Contamination in Soil and Groundwater in Asia: A Review of Recent Trends as well as Existing Environmental Laws and Regulations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pedosphere","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1002-0160(15)60055-8","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 Soil Science Society of China. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}