{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T17:57:20Z","timestamp":1775757440193,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780128154816","type":"print"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,23]],"date-time":"2019-02-23T20:10:48Z","timestamp":1550952648000},"page":"73-113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Properties of 3D-Printed Fiber-Reinforced Portland Cement Paste"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Manuel","family":"Hambach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Rutzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Volkmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(00)00345-8","article-title":"Prediction of compressive strength of concrete by neural network","volume":"30","author":"Ni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/289388a0","article-title":"Flexural strength and porosity of cements","volume":"289","author":"Birchall","year":"1981","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02403347","article-title":"Fracture measurements on cement paste","volume":"11","author":"Higgins","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-9465(96)00046-7","article-title":"Fiber-reinforced concrete: an overview after 30 years of development","volume":"19","author":"Zollo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Comp."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib5","series-title":"Carbon Fiber Composites","author":"Chung","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1557\/PROC-211-25","article-title":"Micro-reinforced cementitious materials","volume":"211","author":"Banthia","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib7","series-title":"Carbon Fibers and Their Composites","author":"Morgan","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(03)00108-X","article-title":"Fiber alignment and property direction dependency of FRC extrudate","volume":"33","author":"Qian","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-7944(02)00154-6","article-title":"A design approach for the mechanical properties of polypropylene discontinuous fiber reinforced cementitious composites by extrusion molding","volume":"70","author":"Takashima","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eng. Fract. Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-008044100-9\/50030-9","article-title":"Extruded fiber-reinforced composites","volume":"1","author":"Mu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. Build. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2008.02.002","article-title":"Functionally-graded fiber-reinforced cement composite: processing, microstructure, and properties","volume":"30","author":"Shen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Comp."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2016.08.011","article-title":"Portland cement paste with aligned carbon fibers exhibiting exceptionally high flexural strength (>100 MPa)","volume":"89","author":"Hambach","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2011.12.003","article-title":"Hardened properties of high-performance printing concrete","volume":"42","author":"Le","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-015-0571-0","article-title":"Structural built-up of cement-based materials used for 3D-printing extrusion techniques","volume":"49","author":"Perrot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mater. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cad.2014.02.011","article-title":"Complex concrete structures merging existing casting techniques with digital fabrication","volume":"60","author":"Lloret","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput. Aided Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1229495","article-title":"A tissue-like printed material","volume":"340","author":"Villar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5075","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201501234","article-title":"Direct 3D printing of shear-thinning hydrogels into self-healing hydrogels","volume":"27","author":"Highley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5930","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201401804","article-title":"3D-printing of lightweight cellular composites","volume":"26","author":"Compton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6307","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201400334","article-title":"Embedded 3D printing of strain sensors within highly stretchable elastomers","volume":"26","author":"Muth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.04.053","article-title":"Fiber reinforced calcium phosphate cements \u2013 on the way to degradable load bearing bone substitutes?","volume":"33","author":"Kruger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2013.11.017","article-title":"Bone tissue engineering using 3D printing","volume":"16","author":"Bose","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3940","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200700019","article-title":"Resorbable dicalcium phosphate bone substitutes prepared by 3D powder printing","volume":"17","author":"Gbureck","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.01.064","article-title":"3D printing of composite calcium phosphate and collagen scaffolds for bone regeneration","volume":"35","author":"Inzana","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2014.10.065","article-title":"Fiber reinforcement during 3D printing","volume":"139","author":"Christ","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib25","series-title":"Fabricated The New World of 3D Printing","author":"Lipson","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5011","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201302042","article-title":"25th anniversary article: engineering hydrogels for biofabrication","volume":"25","author":"Malda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2958","article-title":"3D bioprinting of tissues and organs","volume":"32","author":"Murphy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1108\/AA-06-2013-055","article-title":"3D printing: the dawn of a new era in manufacturing?","volume":"33","author":"Bogue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Assembly Autom."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0899-1561(2005)17:4(379)","article-title":"Dispersion of short fibers in cement","volume":"17","author":"Chung","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Mater. Civil Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8846(89)90025-2","article-title":"Interfacial reactions between oxidized carbon-fibers and cements","volume":"19","author":"Sugama","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8846(96)00141-X","article-title":"Improving the tensile properties of carbon fiber reinforced cement by ozone treatment of the fiber","volume":"26","author":"Fu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib32","unstructured":"J. Tinevez, Directionality plugin for imageJ. <http:\/\/fijii.sc\/wiki\/index.php\/Directionality\/>, 2015 (accessed 27.05.15)."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib33","series-title":"Hochfeste multifunktionale Verbundwerkstoffe auf Basis von Portlandzement und Kohlenstoffkurzfasern, Dissertation","author":"Hambach","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(97)00061-6","article-title":"Pullout behavior of steel fibers from cement-based composites","volume":"27","author":"Shannag","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib35","first-page":"38","article-title":"The influence of fibre orientation on the post-cracking tensile behaviour of steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete","author":"Abrishambaf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frat. Integrita Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02480574","article-title":"Post-cracking behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete","volume":"38","author":"Barros","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mater. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0958-9465(95)00029-1","article-title":"Toughening in cement based composites. 2. Fiber reinforced cementitious composites","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Comp."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1151-2916.1991.tb06836.x","article-title":"Mechanical-behavior of fiber-reinforced cement-based composites","volume":"74","author":"Shah","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Am. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-matsci-062910-095806","article-title":"Deformation and fracture mechanisms of bone and nacre","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Mater. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1468-6996\/12\/6\/064710","article-title":"The toughening mechanism of nacre and structural materials inspired by nacre","volume":"12","author":"Kakisawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2012.10.016","article-title":"Implications of test methodology on post-cracking and fracture behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete","volume":"46","author":"Bencardino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compos. Part B-Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-012-9828-z","article-title":"Mix design and fresh properties for high-performance printing concrete","volume":"45","author":"Le","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mater. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib43","first-page":"108","article-title":"Towards robotic swarm printing","volume":"84","author":"Oxman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Archit. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2007.05.002","article-title":"Biological materials: structure and mechanical properties","volume":"53","author":"Meyers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.matsci.28.1.271","article-title":"The material bone: structure mechanical function relations","volume":"28","author":"Weiner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat4089","article-title":"Bioinspired structural materials","volume":"14","author":"Wegst","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."}],"container-title":["3D Concrete Printing Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:B9780128154816000051?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:B9780128154816000051?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,23]],"date-time":"2019-02-23T20:11:04Z","timestamp":1550952664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/B9780128154816000051"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"ISBN":["9780128154816"],"references-count":46,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/b978-0-12-815481-6.00005-1","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}}}