{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T17:40:04Z","timestamp":1756143604728,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9780323852159"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T14:11:26Z","timestamp":1628259086000},"page":"601-615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cannabinoids and psychosis: current challenges of mechanistic toxicology"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Rui F.","family":"Malheiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Telma M.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Carmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joao P.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib1","first-page":"e12824","article-title":"Synthetic cannabinoids and their impact on neurodevelopmental processes","author":"Alexandre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6277","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176277","article-title":"The synthetic cannabinoids THJ-2201 and 5F-PB22 enhance in vitro CB1 receptor-mediated neuronal differentiation at biologically relevant concentrations","volume":"21","author":"Alexandre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867415589793","article-title":"Cell proliferation is reduced in the hippocampus in schizophrenia","volume":"50","author":"Allen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001786","article-title":"Abnormalities in neuroendocrine stress response in psychosis: the role of endocannabinoids","volume":"46","author":"Appiah-Kusi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11700","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1636-07.2007","article-title":"Cannabinoids elicit antidepressant-like behavior and activate serotonergic neurons through the medial prefrontal cortex","volume":"27","author":"Bambico","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9010014","article-title":"Potential mechanisms underlying the deleterious effects of synthetic cannabinoids found in Spice\/K2 products","volume":"9","author":"Basavarajappa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"issue":"7629","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20153","article-title":"The effects of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the dopamine system","volume":"539","author":"Bloomfield","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1192\/bjpo.bp.115.002444","article-title":"The effect of second-generation antipsychotics on hippocampal volume in first episode of psychosis: longitudinal study","volume":"2","author":"Bodnar","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJPsych Open."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.06.067","article-title":"Maternal and paternal cannabis use during pregnancy and the risk of psychotic-like experiences in the offspring","volume":"202","author":"Bolhuis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.4","article-title":"Pregnenolone blocks cannabinoid-induced acute psychotic-like states in mice","volume":"22","author":"Busquets-Garcia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.08.055","article-title":"Characterization of peripheral cannabinoid receptor expression and clinical correlates in schizophrenia","volume":"245","author":"Chase","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00162","article-title":"Synthetic and non-synthetic cannabinoid drugs and their adverse effects: a review from public health prospective","volume":"6","author":"Cohen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14407","article-title":"Modulatory effects of cannabinoids on brain neurotransmission","volume":"50","author":"Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.04.033","article-title":"Endocannabinoid modulation of dopamine neurotransmission","volume":"124","author":"Covey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0284-z","article-title":"Cannabinoids and the expanded endocannabinoid system in neurological disorders","volume":"16","author":"Cristino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00118","article-title":"GABAergic mechanisms in schizophrenia: linking postmortem and in vivo studies","volume":"8","author":"De Jonge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.08.012","article-title":"Psychosis and synthetic cannabinoids","volume":"268","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30048-3","article-title":"The contribution of cannabis use to variation in the incidence of psychotic disorder across Europe (EU-GEI): a multicentre case-control study","volume":"6","author":"Di Forti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib19","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), 2020. European drug report 2020: trends and developments. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.01.044","article-title":"Neurogenesis in the striatum of the adult human brain","volume":"156","author":"Ernst","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.02.001","article-title":"Synthetic cannabinoids\u2014further evidence supporting the relationship between cannabinoids and psychosis","volume":"79","author":"Fattore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"441","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00441","article-title":"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) role in cannabinoid-mediated neurogenesis","volume":"12","author":"Ferreira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881112450786","article-title":"Cannabinoid-induced enhanced interaction and protein levels of serotonin 5-HT(2A) and dopamine D2 receptors in rat prefrontal cortex","volume":"26","author":"Franklin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0512-2","article-title":"Prenatal THC exposure produces a hyperdopaminergic phenotype rescued by pregnenolone","volume":"22","author":"Frau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2019.10.013","article-title":"Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor expression and functionality in postmortem frontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia: selective biased agonism via G\u03b1i1-proteins","volume":"29","author":"Garc\u00eda-Bea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13215","article-title":"Cannabinoid-dopamine interactions in the physiology and physiopathology of the basal ganglia","volume":"173","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105237","article-title":"Epigenetics and the endocannabinoid system signaling: an intricate interplay modulating neurodevelopment","author":"Gomes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0137-3","article-title":"THC exposure of human iPSC neurons impacts genes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"8","author":"Guennewig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-019-1044-x","article-title":"Cannabis and psychosis: are we any closer to understanding the relationship?","volume":"21","author":"Hamilton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2017.03.007","article-title":"CB(1) and CB(2) receptor pharmacology","volume":"80","author":"Howlett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2018.11.007","article-title":"Behavioural and epigenetic effects of paternal exposure to cannabinoids during adolescence on offspring vulnerability to stress","volume":"72","author":"Ibn Lahmar Andaloussi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-017-0071-9","article-title":"Dopamine, psychosis and schizophrenia: the widening gap between basic and clinical neuroscience","volume":"8","author":"Kesby","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3385","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026616666160608084834","article-title":"Dopamine targeting drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia: past, present and future","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1801490","article-title":"Psychotic disorders","volume":"379","author":"Lieberman","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2011.09.010","article-title":"Separate and combined effects of the GABA reuptake inhibitor tiagabine and \u03949-THC in humans discriminating \u03949-THC","volume":"122","author":"Lile","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2017_478","article-title":"Hallucinogens and serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor-mediated signaling pathways","volume":"36","author":"L\u00f3pez-Gim\u00e9nez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.03.040","article-title":"Mechanisms of cannabinoid CB2 receptor-mediated reduction of dopamine neuronal excitability in mouse ventral tegmental area","volume":"42","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.01.045","article-title":"Cannabis use, COMT, BDNF and age at first-episode psychosis","volume":"250","author":"Man\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.10094.1","article-title":"Understanding the role of serotonin in psychiatric diseases","volume":"6","author":"Marazziti","year":"2017","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20693","article-title":"Dopamine and glutamate in schizophrenia: biology, symptoms and treatment","volume":"19","author":"McCutcheon","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyx076","article-title":"Cortical GABA in subjects at ultra-high risk of psychosis: relationship to negative prodromal symptoms","volume":"21","author":"Modinos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib42","series-title":"Schizophrenia Treatment Has Many Facets","article-title":"The convergence of glutamate and GABA dysregulation in schizophrenia","author":"Monaco","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e738","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2015.219","article-title":"AKT1 genotype moderates the acute psychotomimetic effects of naturalistically smoked cannabis in young cannabis smokers","volume":"6","author":"Morgan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13885","article-title":"Cannabis and psychotic experiences","volume":"112","author":"Oh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a012229","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a012229","article-title":"A brain on cannabinoids: the role of dopamine release in reward seeking","volume":"2","author":"Oleson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3375-17.2018","article-title":"Grey matter volume differences associated with extremely low levels of cannabis use in adolescence","volume":"39","author":"Orr","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764018801690","article-title":"Cannabis consumption and psychosis or schizophrenia development","volume":"64","author":"Ortiz-Medina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00130","article-title":"Psychostimulant effect of the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 and AKB48: behavioral, neurochemical, and dopamine transporter scan imaging studies in mice","volume":"8","author":"Ossato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.084384","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia","volume":"198","author":"Owen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09786-7","article-title":"Differential methylation of enhancer at IGF2 is associated with abnormal dopamine synthesis in major psychosis","volume":"10","author":"Pai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0206-1","article-title":"GWAS of lifetime cannabis use reveals new risk loci, genetic overlap with psychiatric traits, and a causal effect of schizophrenia liability","volume":"21","author":"Pasman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.11.005","article-title":"Long lasting effects of chronic WIN55,212-2 treatment on mesostriatal dopaminergic and cannabinoid systems in the rat brain","volume":"129","author":"Perdikaris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddw007","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of schizophrenia-associated loci highlights ion channel pathways and biologically plausible candidate causal genes","volume":"25","author":"Pers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)03055-X","article-title":"\u03949-Tetrahydrocannabinol decreases extracellular GABA and increases extracellular glutamate and dopamine levels in the rat prefrontal cortex: an in vivo microdialysis study","volume":"948","author":"Pistis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.58","article-title":"GABA deficits enhance the psychotomimetic effects of \u03949-THC","volume":"40","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20490","article-title":"What causes psychosis? An umbrella review of risk and protective factors","volume":"17","author":"Radua","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"281","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib57","article-title":"Effects of adolescent THC exposure on the prefrontal GABAergic system: implications for schizophrenia-related psychopathology","volume":"9","author":"Renard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib58","first-page":"169","article-title":"The cannabinoid receptor 1 associates with NMDA receptors to produce glutamatergic hypofunction: implications in psychosis and schizophrenia","volume":"4","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Bl\u00e1zquez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22061","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.22061","article-title":"Presynaptic cannabinoid CB2 receptors modulate [3H]-Glutamate release at subthalamo-nigral terminals of the rat","volume":"72","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Zavaleta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9991","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1920866117","article-title":"Cannabinoid exposure in rat adolescence reprograms the initial behavioral, molecular, and epigenetic response to cocaine","volume":"117","author":"Scherma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1017\/S146114570999023X","article-title":"Inhibition of fatty-acid amide hydrolase and CB1 receptor antagonism differentially affect behavioural responses in normal and PCP-treated rats","volume":"13","author":"Seillier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"7589","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16549","article-title":"Schizophrenia risk from complex variation of complement component 4","volume":"530","author":"Sekar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2020.0144","article-title":"Cannabis in the time of coronavirus disease 2019: the Yin and yang of the endocannabinoid system in immunocompetence","volume":"26","author":"Sexton","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Altern. Complement. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-018-0109-9","article-title":"Factors that influence adult neurogenesis as potential therapy","volume":"7","author":"Shohayeb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.188.6.510","article-title":"Brain volume in first-episode schizophrenia: systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies","volume":"188","author":"Steen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.09.014","article-title":"Epigenetic effects of cannabis exposure","volume":"79","author":"Szutorisz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2009.06.005","article-title":"Dopamine and psychosis: theory, pathomechanisms and intermediate phenotypes","volume":"34","author":"Tost","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib68","unstructured":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), 2020. World drug report 2020. United Nations Publications."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12823","article-title":"Glutamate hypothesis in schizophrenia","volume":"73","author":"Uno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002194","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002194","article-title":"Cognitive impairment induced by delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol occurs through heteromers between cannabinoid CB1 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors","volume":"13","author":"Vi\u00f1als","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2019.10.050","article-title":"Cerebral glutamate and GABA levels in high-risk of psychosis states: a focused review and meta-analysis of 1H-MRS studies","volume":"215","author":"Wenneberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib72","first-page":"1400","article-title":"Positive allosteric modulation of the 5-HT1A receptor by indole-based synthetic cannabinoids abused by humans. ACS Chemical","volume":"11","author":"Yano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030833","article-title":"Cannabinoid receptors and the endocannabinoid system: signaling and function in the central nervous system","volume":"19","author":"Zou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Toxicological Risk Assessment and Multi-System Health Impacts from Exposure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:B9780323852159000209?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:B9780323852159000209?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T17:10:14Z","timestamp":1756141814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/B9780323852159000209"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9780323852159"],"references-count":73,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/b978-0-323-85215-9.00020-9","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}