{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:35:20Z","timestamp":1781109320022,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Composites Part B: Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T11:48:14Z","timestamp":1627300094000},"page":"109167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"special_numbering":"C","title":["High-speed inspection of delamination defects in unidirectional CFRP by non-contact eddy current testing"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"224","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9352-5196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Machado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6358-9586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim-Niklas","family":"Antin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds S.","family":"Rosado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Vila\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9072-5010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Telmo G.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02323146","article-title":"Acoustic emission monitoring of carbon-fiber-reinforced-polymer bridge stay cables in large-scale testing","volume":"41","author":"Rizzo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp Mech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/7\/2\/010","article-title":"Application and reliability of a fiber optical surveillance system for a stay cable bridge","volume":"7","author":"Br\u00f6nnimann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Smart Mater Struct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2018.08.049","article-title":"Damage sensing, mechanical and interfacial properties of resins suitable for new CFRP rope for elevator applications","volume":"157","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib4","first-page":"33","article-title":"Lightweight ropes for lifting applications","volume":"1","author":"Rebel","year":"2006","journal-title":"OIPEEC Conf Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib5","first-page":"384","article-title":"Condition monitoring techniques for fibre mooring ropes","volume":"42","author":"Rebel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Insight Non-Destructive Test Cond Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s13369-012-0185-6","article-title":"Carbon fiber reinforced polymer cables: why? Why not? What if?","volume":"37","author":"Meier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arabian J Sci Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000606","article-title":"Durability performance and service life of CFCC tendons exposed to elevated temperature and alkaline environment","volume":"20","author":"Benmokrane","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Compos Construct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s10921-019-0564-y","article-title":"Evaluation of different non-destructive testing methods to detect imperfections in unidirectional carbon fiber composite ropes","volume":"38","author":"Antin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Nondestr Eval"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib9","article-title":"High speed inspection of UD CFRP composites","author":"Machado","year":"2019","journal-title":"58th Annu. Conf. Br. Inst. Non-Destructive Testing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2018.12.021","article-title":"Contactless high-speed eddy current inspection of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer","volume":"168","author":"Machado","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3233\/JAE-150168","article-title":"Research advances in eddy current testing for maintenance of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites","volume":"51","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Appl Electromagn Mech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2015.09.026","article-title":"Pulsed eddy currents testing using a planar matrix probe","volume":"77","author":"Abrantes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2017.05.002","article-title":"A portable embedded contactless system for the measurement of metallic material conductivity and lift-off","volume":"111","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2017","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2020.107859","article-title":"ECT in composite materials using double excitation coils and resonant excitation\/sensing circuits","volume":"161","author":"Pasadas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib15","article-title":"Benchmarking of nondestructive testing for additive manufacturing","author":"Duarte","year":"2020","journal-title":"3D Print Addit Manuf 2021:3dp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib16","series-title":"Reliability and NDT methods","first-page":"265","author":"Santos","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2015.03.022","article-title":"Review on quality assurance along the CFRP value chain \u2013 non-destructive testing of fabrics, preforms and CFRP by HF radio wave techniques","volume":"77","author":"Heuer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2018.05.007","article-title":"Characterisation of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composites through radon-transform analysis of complex eddy-current data","volume":"148","author":"Hughes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2017.07.011","article-title":"Development of circular arrayed eddy current sensor for detecting fibers orientation and in-plane fiber waviness in unidirectional CFRP","volume":"92","author":"Bouloudenine","year":"2017","journal-title":"NDT E Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2015.09.041","article-title":"Detection of in-plane and out-of-plane fiber waviness in unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced composites using eddy current testing","volume":"86","author":"Mizukami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3261","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2011.2157492","article-title":"Surface crack detection for carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) materials using pulsed eddy current thermography","volume":"11","author":"Cheng","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Sensor J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2019.107460","article-title":"Non-destructive testing for carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) using a novel eddy current probe","volume":"177","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20190587","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2019.0587","article-title":"Evaluation of detectability of differential type probe using directional eddy current for fibre waviness in CFRP","volume":"378","author":"Kosukegawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2013.08.061","article-title":"Evaluation of eddy current testing for quality assurance and process monitoring of automated fiber placement","volume":"56","author":"Schmidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-3538(00)00164-0","article-title":"Non-destructive characterisation of carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics by means of eddy-currents","volume":"61","author":"Mook","year":"2001","journal-title":"Compos Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2014.07.001","article-title":"Role of interlaminar interface on bulk conductivity and electrical anisotropy of CFRP laminates measured by eddy current method","volume":"68","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"NDT E Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2018.03.025","article-title":"Experimental and theoretical study on piezoresistive properties of a structural resin reinforced with carbon nanotubes for strain sensing and damage monitoring","volume":"145","author":"Spinelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2016.09.061","article-title":"Piezoresistive properties of resin reinforced with carbon nanotubes for health-monitoring of aircraft primary structures","volume":"107","author":"Vertuccio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2020.105885","article-title":"Methods of modifying through-thickness electrical conductivity of CFRP for use in structural health monitoring, and its effect on mechanical properties \u2013 a review","volume":"133","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Composer Part A Appl Sci Manuf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2016.11.018","article-title":"Application of low frequency ECT method in noncontact detection and visualization of CFRP material","volume":"110","author":"Cheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Compos B Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1080\/10589759908952865","article-title":"Monitoring delamination growth in cfrp materials using eddy currents","volume":"15","author":"Gros","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nondestr Test Eval"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4023253","article-title":"Eddy current nondestructive testing for carbon fiber- reinforced composites","volume":"135","author":"Koyama","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pressure Vessel Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2018.09.010","article-title":"A novel machine learning model for eddy current testing with uncertainty","volume":"101","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"NDT E Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib34","first-page":"1","article-title":"Defect image recognition and classification for eddy current testing of titanium plate based on convolutional neural network","volume":"2020","author":"Deng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Complexity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2020.3036770","article-title":"A lightweight spatial and temporal multi-feature fusion network for defect detection","volume":"30","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib36","first-page":"57","article-title":"Damage detection in CFRP components using DIC","volume":"3","author":"Antin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Conf. Proc. Soc. Exp. Mech. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2018.09.047","article-title":"Non-destructive microstructural analysis by electrical conductivity: comparison with hardness measurements in different materials","volume":"35","author":"Sorger","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1080\/09243046.2012.743716","article-title":"Skin effect of alternating electric current on laminated CFRP","volume":"21","author":"Todoroki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Compos Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2010.08.030","article-title":"Electrical conductivity field analysis for evaluation of FSW joints in AA6013 and AA7075 alloys","volume":"211","author":"Santos","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mater Process Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2020.111844","article-title":"High sensitivity flexible double square winding eddy current array for surface micro-defects inspection","volume":"309","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sensors Actuators A Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2019.111227","article-title":"Enhancement of sensitivity to delamination in eddy current testing of carbon fiber composites by varying probe geometry","volume":"226","author":"Mizukami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compos Struct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.3390\/s19020397","article-title":"The improvement of flaw detection by the configuration of uniform eddy current probes","volume":"19","author":"Repelianto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2019.04.091","article-title":"Design and optimisation of mutual inductance based pulsed eddy current probe","volume":"144","author":"Ona","year":"2019","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167_bib44","first-page":"283","article-title":"Customized eddy current probes for pipe inspection","volume":"42","author":"Machado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stud Appl Electromagn Mech"}],"container-title":["Composites Part B: Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1359836821005461?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1359836821005461?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T17:32:57Z","timestamp":1761240777000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1359836821005461"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S1359836821005461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-8368"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-8368","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"High-speed inspection of delamination defects in unidirectional CFRP by non-contact eddy current testing","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Composites Part B: Engineering","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compositesb.2021.109167","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109167"}}