{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T02:22:12Z","timestamp":1784859732632,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031585","name":"Takeda Development Center Americas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031585","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dmd.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug Metabolism and Disposition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T15:43:31Z","timestamp":1757605411000},"page":"100162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Multitissue analysis of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion gene expression: Sex and age effects across human organ systems"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1981-6398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"McCoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2012.12.007","article-title":"Cytochrome P450 enzymes in drug metabolism: regulation of gene expression, enzyme activities, and impact of genetic variation","volume":"138","author":"Zanger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.109.056705","article-title":"Sex differences in the expression of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes","volume":"76","author":"Waxman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1006304","article-title":"The path to personalized medicine","volume":"363","author":"Hamburg","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1097\/00008571-199808000-00001","article-title":"Hypothesis: comparisons of inter- and intra-individual variations can substitute for twin studies in drug research","volume":"8","author":"Kalow","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4114","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00559","article-title":"Characterization of differential tissue abundance of major non-CYP enzymes in human","volume":"17","author":"Basit","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00950","article-title":"Quantitative characterization of clinically relevant drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in rat liver and intestinal segments for applications in PBPK modeling","volume":"20","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1089\/152460902760360559","article-title":"Biologic and molecular mechanisms for sex differences in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics: part I","volume":"11","author":"Anthony","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Womens Health Gend Based Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2023_688","article-title":"The impact of sex and gender in medicine and pharmacology","volume":"282","author":"Becher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2005.14.19","article-title":"Sex and racial differences in pharmacological response: where is the evidence? Pharmacogenetics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics","volume":"14","author":"Anderson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.5414\/CP201514","article-title":"Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with hospital admissions \u2013 elderly female patients are at highest risk","volume":"49","author":"Hofer-Dueckelmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/03602530902843483","article-title":"Polymorphism of human cytochrome P450 enzymes and its clinical impact","volume":"41","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2013.105","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel therapy: 2013 update","volume":"94","author":"Scott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1080\/03602530902722679","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism in the elderly","volume":"41","author":"Klotz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198461010-00006","article-title":"Effect of age, gender, and obesity on midazolam kinetics","volume":"61","author":"Greenblatt","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199733040-00005","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetic considerations in the elderly. An update","volume":"33","author":"Kinirons","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.7429","article-title":"Age-associated changes of cytochrome P450 and related phase-2 gene\/proteins in livers of rats","volume":"7","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293-016-0066-x","article-title":"Evaluating sex as a biological variable in preclinical research: the devil in the details","volume":"7","author":"Tannenbaum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Sex Differ"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3369","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12113369","article-title":"The expression profiles of ADME genes in human cancers and their associations with clinical outcomes","volume":"12","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.079558.108","article-title":"RNA-seq: an assessment of technical reproducibility and comparison with gene expression arrays","volume":"18","author":"Marioni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"issue":"6235","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa0355","article-title":"Human genomics. The human transcriptome across tissues and individuals","volume":"348","author":"Mel\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.124.001477","article-title":"Differential tissue abundance of membrane-bound drug metabolizing enzymes and transporter proteins by global proteomics","volume":"52","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2653","article-title":"The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project","volume":"45","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"6509","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba3066","article-title":"The impact of sex on gene expression across human tissues","volume":"369","author":"Oliva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007","article-title":"limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies","volume":"43","author":"Ritchie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2202\/1544-6115.1027","article-title":"Linear models and empirical Bayes methods for assessing differential expression in microarray experiments","volume":"3","author":"Smyth","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.4236\/ojs.2024.141004","article-title":"Frequentist and Bayesian sample size determination for single-arm clinical trials based on a binary response variable: a shiny app to implement exact methods","volume":"14","author":"Gentile","year":"2024","journal-title":"OJS"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s12064-012-0162-3","article-title":"Measurement of mRNA abundance using RNA-seq data: RPKM measure is inconsistent among samples","volume":"131","author":"Wagner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theory Biosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.08.036","article-title":"A quantitative proteome map of the human body","volume":"183","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-023-00727-1","article-title":"Sex-biased gene expression and gene-regulatory networks of sex-biased adverse event drug targets and drug metabolism genes","volume":"25","author":"Fisher","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1515\/dmpt-2020-0160","article-title":"Co-expression of drug metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes and estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) in human liver: racial differences and the regulatory role of ESR1","volume":"36","author":"Collins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Metab Pers Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2013.00012","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics of cytochrome P450 3A4: recent progress toward the \u201cmissing heritability\u201d problem","volume":"4","author":"Klein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1080\/03602530600786232","article-title":"PXR and CAR: nuclear receptors which play a pivotal role in drug disposition and chemical toxicity","volume":"38","author":"Stanley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2024.100025","article-title":"Impact of sex and pregnancy on hepatic CYP3A4 expression and activity in a humanized mouse model","volume":"53","author":"Fashe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141059","article-title":"Regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in inflammation","volume":"46","author":"Aitken","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.302","article-title":"Impact of infectious and inflammatory disease on cytochrome P450-mediated drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics","volume":"85","author":"Morgan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.119.089656","article-title":"Quantitative proteomics of clinically relevant drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters and their intercorrelations in the human small intestine","volume":"48","author":"Couto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.105.008672","article-title":"The human intestinal cytochrome P450 \u201cpie\u201d","volume":"34","author":"Paine","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1002\/psp4.13110","article-title":"In silico modeling and simulation of organ-on-a-chip systems to support data analysis and a priori experimental design","volume":"13","author":"Milani","year":"2024","journal-title":"CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.2174\/138920012800840464","article-title":"Sex differences in the clearance of CYP3A4 substrates: exploring possible reasons for the substrate dependency and lack of consensus","volume":"13","author":"Chetty","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2010.03773.x","article-title":"4\u03b2-Hydroxycholesterol, an endogenous marker of CYP3A4\/5 activity in humans","volume":"71","author":"Diczfalusy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2012.07.013","article-title":"DNA methylation dynamics in the hepatic CYP3A4 gene promoter","volume":"94","author":"Kacevska","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.123.001651","article-title":"Hydrocodone, oxycodone, and morphine metabolism and drug-drug interactions","volume":"387","author":"Coates","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.109.026609","article-title":"Up-regulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A4 by 17beta-estradiol: a potential mechanism of increased lamotrigine elimination in pregnancy","volume":"37","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib45","article-title":"A real-world pharmacovigilance study of lorazepam based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database","volume":"15","author":"Fang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2025.107119","article-title":"Sex differences in suspected adverse drug reactions of anti-seizure medications reported in EudraVigilance","volume":"210","author":"Girgis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson GD. Chapter 1 gender differences in pharmacological response. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2008;83:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0074-7742(08)00001-9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(08)00001-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F342","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00366.2011","article-title":"Sex hormones induce a gender-related difference in renal expression of a novel prostaglandin transporter, OAT-PG, influencing basal PGE2 concentration","volume":"302","author":"Hatano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s40291-014-0126-z","article-title":"Polymorphism of organic cation transporter 2 improves glucose-lowering effect of metformin via influencing its pharmacokinetics in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients","volume":"19","author":"Hou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Diagn Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmpk.2016.10.409","article-title":"Sex- and age-dependent gene expression in human liver: an implication for drug-metabolizing enzymes","volume":"32","author":"Uno","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100061","article-title":"Impact of variation in CYP3A and CYP2C8 on tucatinib metabolic clearance in human liver microsomes","volume":"53","author":"Latham","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(03)00187-5","article-title":"The effect of age, sex, and rifampin administration on intestinal and hepatic cytochrome P450 3A activity","volume":"74","author":"Gorski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1002\/bcp.70004","article-title":"Solanidine-derived CYP2D6 phenotyping elucidates phenoconversion in multimedicated geriatric patients","volume":"91","author":"Sar\u00f6mba","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.775","article-title":"The role of sex, age and genetic polymorphisms of CYP enzymes on the pharmacokinetics of anticholinergic drugs","volume":"9","author":"Trenaman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res Perspect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.113.055632","article-title":"Simultaneous quantification of the abundance of several cytochrome P450 and uridine 5\u2032-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes in human liver microsomes using multiplexed targeted proteomics","volume":"42","author":"Achour","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2013.11.003","article-title":"Short-term calorie restriction feminizes the mRNA profiles of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters in livers of mice","volume":"274","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18020191","article-title":"Aging reduces ATP-binding cassette transporter expression in brain microvessels of mice","volume":"18","author":"Wada","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13301","article-title":"Effect of P-glycoprotein inhibition at the blood-brain barrier on brain distribution of (R)-[11 C]verapamil in elderly vs. young subjects","volume":"83","author":"Bauer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvad040","article-title":"A gene risk score using missense variants in SLCO1B1 is associated with earlier onset statin intolerance","volume":"9","author":"Bigossi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.3624","article-title":"SLCO1B1 functional variants, bilirubin, statin-induced myotoxicity, and recent sub-Saharan African ancestry: a precision medicine health equity study","volume":"117","author":"Haldar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.18m12149","article-title":"Predictors of long-term and high-dose use of zolpidem in veterans","volume":"80","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib62","first-page":"103","article-title":"Effect of age and sex on warfarin dosing","volume":"6","author":"Khoury","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310754","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic guided opioid therapy improves chronic pain outcomes and comorbid mental health: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study","volume":"24","author":"Agull\u00f3","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2024.104002","article-title":"Sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Delahousse","year":"2024","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106853","article-title":"The application of organ-on-chip models for the prediction of human pharmacokinetic profiles during drug development","volume":"195","author":"Keuper-Navis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-023-01265-z","article-title":"Use of machine learning for dosage individualization of vancomycin in neonates","volume":"62","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"}],"container-title":["Drug Metabolism and Disposition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090955625094711?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0090955625094711?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T05:15:25Z","timestamp":1761714925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0090955625094711"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0090955625094711"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162","relation":{},"ISSN":["0090-9556"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0090-9556","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multitissue analysis of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion gene expression: Sex and age effects across human organ systems","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Drug Metabolism and Disposition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dmd.2025.100162","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100162"}}