{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T01:18:49Z","timestamp":1770945529031,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003407","name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CN00000013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1032 17\/06\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1032 17\/06\/2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CN00000022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1558 11\/10\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1558 11\/10\/2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H93C22000650001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H93C22000650001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecological Indicators"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T00:16:15Z","timestamp":1754698575000},"page":"114001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Road network connectivity explains wildfire probability in Southern Italy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4382-2752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Elia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Giannico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fantina","family":"Tedim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Sanesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Lafortezza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0005","article-title":"Accelerating agricultural expansion in the greater Mau Forest complex Kenya","volume":"28","author":"Akanga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Appl. Soc. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2024.112067","article-title":"Deep artificial intelligence applications for natural disaster management systems: a methodological review","volume":"163","author":"Akhyar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecol. Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2011.05.032","article-title":"Global and regional analysis of climate and human drivers of wildfire","volume":"409","author":"Aldersley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2022.108726","article-title":"Combining wildfire behaviour simulations and network analysis to support wildfire management: a Mediterranean landscape case study","volume":"137","author":"Apar\u00edcio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol. Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0025","article-title":"Enhancing infrastructure resilience in wildfire management to face extreme events: Insights from the Iberian Peninsula","volume":"44","author":"Arango","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clim. Risk Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1071\/WF08011","article-title":"Road network density correlated with increased lightning fire incidence in the Canadian western boreal forest","volume":"18","author":"Arienti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Wildland Fire"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.strusafe.2022.102310","article-title":"An efficient stratified sampling scheme for the simultaneous estimation of small failure probabilities in wind engineering applications","volume":"101","author":"Arunachalam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Struct. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.3390\/land11122295","article-title":"Land use impacts on traffic congestion patterns: a tale of a Northwestern Chinese City","volume":"11","author":"Bao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Land"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9587","DOI":"10.3390\/app13179587","article-title":"Evacuation simulation under threat of wildfire\u2014an overview of research, development, and knowledge gaps","volume":"13","author":"Beyki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0050","first-page":"58","article-title":"Time-Dependent queueing approach to helicopter allocation for forest fire initial-attack*","volume":"17","author":"Bookbinder","year":"1979","journal-title":"INFOR Inf. Syst. Oper. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3410","DOI":"10.3390\/su16083410","article-title":"Wildfire scenarios for assessing risk of cover loss in a megadiverse zone within the colombian caribbean","volume":"16","author":"Cabrera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9429","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59438-0","article-title":"Advanced transport systems: the future is sustainable and technology-enabled","volume":"14","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcns.2022.05.001","article-title":"Resilience of aging structures and infrastructure systems with emphasis on seismic resilience of bridges and road networks: Review","volume":"1","author":"Capacci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resilient Cities Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2023.104901","article-title":"Global urban road network patterns: Unveiling multiscale planning paradigms of 144 cities with a novel deep learning approach","volume":"241","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3390\/fire6050215","article-title":"Towards an integrated approach to wildfire risk assessment: when, where, what and how may the landscapes burn","volume":"6","author":"Chuvieco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fire"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0080","series-title":"Sampling Techniques","author":"Cochran","year":"1977"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_bib421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13091658","article-title":"Machine learning techniques for fine dead fuel load estimation using multi-source remote sensing data","volume":"13","author":"D\u2019Este","year":"2021","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11410","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2023.3279279","article-title":"Traffic count estimation at basis links without path flow and historic data","volume":"24","author":"Dey","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.treng.2024.100252","article-title":"Intelligent transportation systems for sustainable smart cities","volume":"16","author":"Elassy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transp. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2020.106474","article-title":"Estimating the probability of wildfire occurrence in mediterranean landscapes using artificial neural networks","volume":"85","author":"Elia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Impact Assess. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s13717-022-00360-6","article-title":"Uncovering current pyroregions in Italy using wildfire metrics","volume":"11","author":"Elia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol. Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00477-018-1558-5","article-title":"Modeling fire ignition patterns in Mediterranean urban interfaces","volume":"33","author":"Elia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-015-0531-z","article-title":"Developing custom fire behavior fuel models for mediterranean wildland\u2013urban interfaces in Southern Italy","volume":"56","author":"Elia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2015.05.002","article-title":"Understanding road network dynamics: Link-based topological patterns","volume":"46","author":"Freiria","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2024.101171","article-title":"Leveraging the power of internet of things and artificial intelligence in forest fire prevention, detection, and restoration: a comprehensive survey","volume":"26","author":"Giannakidou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Internet Things"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2023.102729","article-title":"Collaboration and individual performance during disaster response","volume":"82","author":"Guerrero","year":"2023","journal-title":"Glob. Environ. Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0130","article-title":"A review of forest fragmentation in Indonesia under the DPSIR framework for biodiversity conservation strategies","volume":"51","author":"Gunawan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Glob. Ecol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2013.05.023","article-title":"Privacy-preserving Kruskal\u2013Wallis test","volume":"112","author":"Guo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Programs Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0140","series-title":"Locational analysis in human geography \/","author":"Haggett","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175914","article-title":"Integrating machine learning for enhanced wildfire severity prediction: a study in the upper colorado river basin","volume":"952","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2024.111946","article-title":"Deep learning modeling of human activity affected wildfire risk by incorporating structural features: a case study in eastern China","volume":"160","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecol. Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2019.01.056","article-title":"Predicting spatial patterns of wildfire susceptibility in the Huichang County, China: an integrated model to analysis of landscape indicators","volume":"101","author":"Hong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1139\/er-2020-0019","article-title":"A review of machine learning applications in wildfire science and management","volume":"28","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2025.111429","article-title":"Improving wildfire resilience of road networks through generative models","volume":"264","author":"Jana","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.3390\/fire7080279","article-title":"Assessing the effect of community preparedness on property damage costs during wildfires: a case study of greece","volume":"7","author":"Kalogiannidis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fire"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15074","DOI":"10.3390\/su152015074","article-title":"Evaluating road hazard maintenance efficiency using citizen science data to improve road safety","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0180","unstructured":"Kofi, 2010, n.d. Network based indicators for prioritising the location of a new urban transport connection: Case study Istanbul, Turkey."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1139\/as-2021-0042","article-title":"Combining community observations and remote sensing to examine the effects of roads on wildfires in the East Siberian boreal forest","volume":"9","author":"Kuklina","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arct. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0190","unstructured":"Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, V., 2023. Effects of Road Conditions, Traffic Patterns, and Human-Made Features on Road Safety: Review Article 2, 20\u201327. doi: 10.5281\/zenodo.8220920."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2024.132005","article-title":"Assessment on vulnerability of road networks considering the dynamic impact of urban waterlogging and the mitigation effect of LID measures","volume":"643","author":"Lai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hydrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1071\/WF08011","article-title":"Road network density correlated with increased lightning fire incidence in the Canadian western boreal forest","volume":"18","author":"Latham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Wildland Fire"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foar.2015.08.003","article-title":"Characteristics of road network forms in historic districts of Japan","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Archit. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lohr, S., 2019. Sampling: Design and Analysis. doi: 10.1201\/9780429296284.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429296284"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-04927-3","article-title":"Local impacts on road networks and access to critical locations during extreme floods","volume":"12","author":"Loreti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3390\/fire7080278","article-title":"Forest fires: silvicultural prevention and mathematical models for predicting fire propagation in Southern Italy","volume":"7","author":"Marziliano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fire"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7743","DOI":"10.3390\/su12187743","article-title":"Cities under pressure: strategies and tools to face climate change and pandemic","volume":"12","author":"Moraci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3390\/fire7060175","article-title":"Assessing forest road network suitability in relation to the spatial occurrence of wildfires in mediterranean forest ecosystems","volume":"7","author":"Mostafa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fire"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.17221\/8\/2023-JFS","article-title":"Road network designing in a forested watershed using network connectivity indices","volume":"69","author":"Mostafa","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. For. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3846\/16486897.2017.1281816","article-title":"Watershed road network analysis with an emphasis on fire fighting management","volume":"25","author":"Mostafa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Environ. Eng. Landsc. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0245","unstructured":"Nagne, A.D., Nagne, D., Gawali, D.B.W., 2013. Transportation Network Analysis By Using Remote Sensing And Gis A Review."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2011.09.004","article-title":"Influences of forest roads on the spatial patterns of human- and lightning-caused wildfire ignitions","volume":"32","author":"Narayanaraj","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Necula, E., 2015. Analyzing Traffic Patterns on Street Segments Based on GPS Data Using R. Transp. Res. Procedia, 18th Euro Working Group on Transportation, EWGT 2015, 14-16 July 2015, Delft, The Netherlands 10, 276\u2013285. doi: 10.1016\/j.trpro.2015.09.077.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2015.09.077"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0260","series-title":"Breakthroughs in Statistics: Methodology and Distribution","first-page":"123","article-title":"On the Two Different Aspects of the Representative Method: the Method of Stratified Sampling and the Method of Purposive Selection","author":"Neyman","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.170443","article-title":"A European-scale analysis reveals the complex roles of anthropogenic and climatic factors in driving the initiation of large wildfires","volume":"917","author":"Ochoa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2012.03.003","article-title":"Modeling spatial patterns of fire occurrence in mediterranean europe using multiple regression and random forest","volume":"275","author":"Oliveira","year":"2012","journal-title":"For. Ecol. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s11698-020-00218-x","article-title":"Complex networks to understand the past: the case of roads in Bourbon Spain","volume":"15","author":"Pablo-Mart\u00ed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cliometrica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2024.103848","article-title":"Characterizing China\u2019s road network development from a spatial entropy perspective","volume":"116","author":"Pan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Transp. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0285","article-title":"A global outlook on increasing wildfire risk: current policy situation and future pathways","volume":"14","author":"Pandey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trees for. People"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2012.11.011","article-title":"Road network connectivity and land-cover dynamics in Lop Buri province","volume":"28","author":"Patarasuk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thailand. J. Transp. Geogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2012.08.021","article-title":"The use of subjective indicators to assess how natural and social capital support residents\u2019 quality of life in a small volcanic island","volume":"24","author":"Petrosillo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecol. Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0300","article-title":"Fire emergency response systems information requirements\u2019 data model for situational awareness of responders: a goal-directed task analysis","volume":"63","author":"Rezaeifam","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Build. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3390\/fire1020024","article-title":"Assessing the influence of roads on fire ignition: does land cover matter?","volume":"1","author":"Ricotta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fire"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107927","article-title":"Road network performance: a review on relevant concepts","volume":"165","author":"Rivera-Royero","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0315","article-title":"The geography of transport systems","author":"Rodrigue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geograp. Trans. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0320","unstructured":"Rojnkureesatien, 2006, n.d. Geographical accessibility and land-use and land-cover dynamics: The case of Nang Rong district, Northeast Thailand - ProQuest [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/www.proquest.com\/openview\/df72da22b46faca277d1d8853486563a\/1?cbl=18750&diss=y&pq-origsite=gscholar&parentSessionId=btkviAzGrGyEVidxpwamy5m1X%2BznPODzHpOiQHLbDxo%3D (accessed 10.17.24)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-008-9190-2","article-title":"GIS analysis of spatial patterns of human-caused wildfire ignition risk in the SW of Madrid (Central Spain)","volume":"23","author":"Romero-Calcerrada","year":"2008","journal-title":"Landsc. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0330","article-title":"Road network accessibility analysis using graph theory and GIS technology: a study of the villages of English Bazar Block","volume":"29","author":"Sarkar","year":"2020","journal-title":"India. Spat. Inf. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.3390\/su10082725","article-title":"Effect of roads on ecological corridors used for wildlife movement in a natural heritage site","volume":"10","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foreco.2024.122399","article-title":"Characterizing the spectral-temporal signatures of eastern hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) using sentinel-2 satellite images and phenology modelling","volume":"577","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"For. Ecol. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2023.102941","article-title":"Scheduling aerial resource operations for the extinction of large-scale wildfires","volume":"122","author":"Skorin-Kapov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sreelekha, M.G., Krishnamurthy, K., Anjaneyulu, M.V.L.R., 2016. Assessment of Topological Pattern of Urban Road Transport System of Calicut City. Transp. Res. Procedia, International Conference on Transportation Planning and Implementation Methodologies for Developing Countries (12th TPMDC) Selected Proceedings, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India, 10-12 December 2014 17, 253\u2013262. doi: 10.1016\/j.trpro.2016.11.089.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2016.11.089"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1071\/WF07087","article-title":"Predicting spatial patterns of fire on a southern California landscape","volume":"17","author":"Syphard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Wildland Fire"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2024.103655","article-title":"Exploring forest fire susceptibility and management strategies in Western Himalaya: Integrating ensemble machine learning and explainable AI for accurate prediction and comprehensive analysis","volume":"35","author":"Thi Hang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Innov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3390\/f12020110","article-title":"Forest roads and operational wildfire response planning","volume":"12","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Forests"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spl.2005.04.027","article-title":"Optimal allocation in balanced sampling","volume":"74","author":"Till\u00e9","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stat. Probab. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s10707-012-0161-z","article-title":"Cluster recognition in spatial-temporal sequences: the case of forest fires","volume":"16","author":"Vega Orozco","year":"2012","journal-title":"GeoInformatica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2023.104977","article-title":"Integrating cultural ecosystem services in wildfire risk assessment","volume":"243","author":"Vigna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Landsc. Urban Plan."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jag.2019.01.019","article-title":"Comparative analysis of CORINE and climate change initiative land cover maps in Europe: Implications for wildfire occurrence estimation at regional and local scales","volume":"78","author":"Vilar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinformation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106810","article-title":"Container drayage modelling with graph theory-based road connectivity assessment for sustainable freight transportation in new development area","volume":"149","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spl.2020.108829","article-title":"A general exact optimal sample allocation algorithm: with bounded cost and bounded sample sizes","volume":"165","author":"Wright","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stat. Probab. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2020.09.011","article-title":"Emergency vehicle lane pre-clearing: from microscopic cooperation to routing decision making","volume":"141","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Part B Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s42081-020-00093-w","article-title":"Statistical data integration in survey sampling: a review","volume":"3","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Stat. Data Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture9050100","article-title":"Road network and the spatial distribution of wildfires in the valencian community (1993\u20132015)","volume":"9","author":"Zambon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2021.107735","article-title":"Deep neural networks for global wildfire susceptibility modelling","volume":"127","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecol. Ind."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2014.05.018","article-title":"Early warning signals of regime shifts from cross-scale connectivity of land-cover patterns","volume":"45","author":"Zurlini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecol. Ind."}],"container-title":["Ecological Indicators"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1470160X25009318?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1470160X25009318?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:39:08Z","timestamp":1770943148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1470160X25009318"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":85,"alternative-id":["S1470160X25009318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-160X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-160X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Road network connectivity explains wildfire probability in Southern Italy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ecological Indicators","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecolind.2025.114001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114001"}}