{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T17:15:06Z","timestamp":1768324506274,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbj.0000000000000016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]],"date-time":"2018-10-02T17:34:42Z","timestamp":1538501682000},"page":"e16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Public health: why study neighborhoods?"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit-Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica e Forenses e Educa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal."}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.5.668","article-title":"Choosing a future for epidemiology: I. Eras and paradigms","volume":"86","author":"Susser","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"R3-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.88.2.216","article-title":"Bringing context back into epidemiology: variables and fallacies in multilevel analysis","volume":"88","author":"Diez-Roux","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"R5-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195083316.003.0014","article-title":"Ecological approaches: rediscovering the role of the physical and social environment","author":"Macintyre","year":"2000","journal-title":"Social Epidemiology"},{"key":"R6-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198111418634","article-title":"Social ecological approaches to individuals and their contexts: twenty years of health education & behavior health promotion interventions","volume":"39","author":"Golden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"key":"R8-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2013.08.033","article-title":"Physical activity-friendly neighbourhood among older adults from a medium size urban setting in Southern Europe","volume":"57","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"R9-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1879-y","article-title":"Distance to parks and non-residential destinations influences physical activity of older people, but crime doesn\u2019t: a cross-sectional study in a southern European city","volume":"15","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R10-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-1103","article-title":"Association between neighborhood deprivation and fruits and vegetables consumption and leisure-time physical activity: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis","volume":"13","author":"Alves","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R11-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.11.034","article-title":"Do neighborhoods affect individual mortality? A systematic review and meta-analysis of multilevel studies","volume":"74","author":"Meijer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"R12-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2014.10.009","article-title":"Neighbourhood characteristics and 10-year risk of depression in Canadian adults with and without a chronic illness","volume":"30","author":"Gariepy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"R13-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2011.07.004","article-title":"Green space, health inequality and pregnancy","volume":"40","author":"Dadvand","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"R14-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.12.050","article-title":"\u2018On the street where you live\u2019: neighbourhood deprivation and quality of life among community-dwelling older people in Edinburgh, Scotland","volume":"74","author":"M\u00f5ttus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"R15-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00214-3","article-title":"Place effects on health: how can we conceptualise, operationalise and measure them?","volume":"55","author":"Macintyre","year":"2002","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"R16-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.55.2.111","article-title":"Multilevel analyses of neighbourhood socioeconomic context and health outcomes: a critical review","volume":"55","author":"Pickett","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"R17-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1017\/S0047279400019310","article-title":"Area, class and health: should we be focusing on places or people?","volume":"22","author":"Macintyre","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Soc Policy"},{"key":"R18-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2015.02.012","article-title":"Area deprivation and the food environment over time: a repeated cross-sectional study on takeaway outlet density and supermarket presence in Norfolk, UK, 1990\u20132008","volume":"33","author":"Maguire","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"R19-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pii: E916","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14080916","article-title":"Socioeconomic inequalities in green space quality and accessibility\u2014evidence from a Southern European City","volume":"14","author":"Hoffimann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"R20-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.07.017","article-title":"Air quality and social deprivation in four French metropolitan areas \u2013 a localized spatiotemporal environmental inequality analysis","volume":"134","author":"Padilla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"R21-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckp216","article-title":"Inequalities, inequities, environmental justice in waste management and health","volume":"20","author":"Martuzzi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"R22-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.008","article-title":"The association between neighborhood disorder, social cohesion and hazardous alcohol use: a national multilevel study","volume":"126","author":"Kuipers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"R23-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nts011","article-title":"Psychosocial stressors and cigarette smoking among African American adults in midlife","volume":"14","author":"Slopen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"R24-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pii: E1205","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14101205","article-title":"Multi-contextual segregation and environmental justice research: toward fine-scale spatiotemporal approaches","volume":"14","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"R25-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-7-34","article-title":"What is my walking neighbourhood? A pilot study of English adults\u2019 definitions of their local walking neighbourhoods","volume":"7","author":"Smith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"R26-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.00123","article-title":"Is there a place for geography in the analysis of health inequality?","volume":"20","author":"Curtis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sociol Health Illn"},{"key":"R27-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-2309-2_2","article-title":"The mechanism(s) of neighbourhood effects: theory, evidence, and policy implications","author":"Galster","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neighbourhood Effects Research: New Perspectives"},{"key":"R28-20230824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940600551251","article-title":"The significance of neighbourhood context to child and adolescent health and well-being: a systematic review of multilevel studies","volume":"34","author":"Sellstr\u00f6m","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health"}],"container-title":["Porto Biomedical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/02054639-201808000-00008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T23:41:19Z","timestamp":1720654879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/02054639-201808000-00008"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pbj.0000000000000016","relation":{},"ISSN":["2444-8664"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2444-8664","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}}}