{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T04:44:12Z","timestamp":1764132252655},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,1]],"date-time":"1998-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":893980800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0048-9697(98)00131-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T00:47:11Z","timestamp":1027644431000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Congener specific PCB and polychlorinated camphene (toxaphene) levels in Svalbard ringed seals (Phoca hispida) in relation to sex, age, condition and cytochrome P450 enzyme activity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"216","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Wolkers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.C","family":"Burkow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C","family":"Lydersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S","family":"Dahle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M","family":"Monshouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.F","family":"Witkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1139\/f87-095","article-title":"Transfer of organochlorine residues from blubber through the circulatory system to milk in the lactating grey seal (Halichoerus grypus)","volume":"44","author":"Addison","year":"1987","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.2307\/3543952","article-title":"Organochlorine residue levels in Arctic ringed seals: variation with age and sex","volume":"25","author":"Addison","year":"1974","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1139\/z94-022","article-title":"Organochlorine residues in harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) from the gulf of St. Lawrence and Hudson Strait: an evaluation of contaminant concentrations and burdens","volume":"72","author":"Beck","year":"1994","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620120412","article-title":"Selective accumulation of polychlorocamphenes in aquatic biota from the Canadian Arctic","volume":"12","author":"Bidleman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-445X(87)90005-1","article-title":"The kinetics of individual polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in female harbour seals, with evidence for structure related metabolism","volume":"10","author":"Boon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-1136(89)90022-6","article-title":"A structure-activity relationship (SAR) approach towards metabolism of PCBs in marine mammals from different trophic levels","volume":"27","author":"Boon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mar Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boon JP, van Arnhem E, Jansen S, et al. The toxicokinetics of PCBs in marine mammals with special reference to possible interactions of individual congeners with the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase system: an overview. In: Walker CH, Livingstone DR, editors. Persistent pollutants in marine ecosystems. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1992:119\u2013161.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-041874-2.50012-4"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-445X(89)90008-8","article-title":"Polychlorobiphenyl contaminated fish induces vitamin A and thyroid hormone deficiency in the common seal (Phoca vitulina)","volume":"15","author":"Brouwer","year":"1989","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3721","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(95)00221-S","article-title":"CB pattern in the harbour porpoise: Bioaccumulation, metabolism and evidence for cytochrome P450IIB activity","volume":"31","author":"Bruhn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB10","first-page":"583","article-title":"Ethoxyresorufin: direct fluorometric assay of a microsomal O-dealkylation which is preferentially inducible by 3-methylcholanthrene","volume":"2","author":"Burke","year":"1974","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-1136(96)00005-0","article-title":"Persistent organochlorine compounds in the blubber of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Belcher Islands Northwest Territories, Canada","volume":"43","author":"Cameron","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mar Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.93101378","article-title":"Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans","volume":"101","author":"Colborn","year":"1993","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(93)90323-W","article-title":"Mono-ortho and non-ortho substituted PCB's in arctic ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Svalbard area: analyses and determination of toxic threat","volume":"27","author":"Daelemans","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB14","first-page":"95","article-title":"Individual chlorinated biphenyls and pesticides in tissues of some cetacean species from he North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean; tissue distribution and biotransformation","volume":"15","author":"Duinker","year":"1989","journal-title":"Aquat Mammal"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-8369.1986.tb00518.x","article-title":"The ringed seal (Phoca hispida) spring diet in Northwestern Spitsbergen Svalbard","volume":"4","author":"Gjertz","year":"1986","journal-title":"Polar Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(93)90390-Q","article-title":"Toxaphene in amphipods and zooplankton from the Arctic Ocean","volume":"27","author":"Hargrave","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(94)90203-8","article-title":"Enantiomer selective separation of toxaphene congeners isolated from seal blubber and obtained from synthesis","volume":"28","author":"Kallenborn","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1021\/es00007a024","article-title":"Chlorobiphenyls: model compounds for metabolism in food chain organisms and their potential use as ecological stress indicators by application of the metabolic slope concept","volume":"29","author":"Kannan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1239","article-title":"Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and prophyrin analyses in chicken embryo hepatocyte cultures with a fluorescene multiwell plate reader","volume":"211","author":"Kennedy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB20","unstructured":"Killie B, Dahle S. PCB, klororganiske pesticider og metaller I polartorsk (Boreogadus saida) vest og nordwest for Spitsbergen. Akvaplan-niva report no 414.95.677, 1996."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurements with the Folin phenol reagents","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(90)90372-Z","article-title":"Characteristic chlorinated hydrocarbon patterns in the blubber of seals from different marine regions","volume":"21","author":"Luckas","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lydersen C. Energetics of pregnancy, lactation and neonatal development in ringed seals (Phoca hispida). In: Blix AS, Wall\u00f8e L, Ulltang \u00d8, editors. Whales, seals, fish, and man. Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Biology of Marine Mammals in North East Atlantic. Troms\u00f8, Norway, 29 November\u20131 December 1994:319\u2013327.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-6995(06)80033-8"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/0269-7491(92)90131-S","article-title":"Organochlorine contaminants in narwhal (Monodon monoceros) from the Canadian Arctic","volume":"75","author":"Muir","year":"1992","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(92)90246-O","article-title":"Arctic marine ecosystem contamination","volume":"122","author":"Muir","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1021\/es00174a012","article-title":"Organochlorine contaminants in arctic marine food chains: accumulation of specific polychlorinated biphenyls and chlordane related compounds","volume":"22","author":"Muir","year":"1988","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB27","unstructured":"Muir DCG, Ford CA, Norstrom RJ, Simon M. Geographical variations of organochlorine contaminants in Canadian arctic marine food chains. In: Shearer R, Roots F, editors. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference, of Comit\u00e9 Arctique Internationale, on the Global Significance of the Transport and Accumulation of Polychlorinated Hydrocarbons in the Arctic. Oslo, 1995."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB28","first-page":"165","article-title":"Organochlorine contaminants in Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) from Canadian waters","volume":"224","author":"Muir","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Bull Aquat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(94)90082-5","article-title":"Chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in arctic marine mammals","volume":"154","author":"Norstrom","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(95)04419-2","article-title":"Determination of levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls and pesticides in harp seals from the Greenland Sea","volume":"162","author":"Oehme","year":"1995","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-6981(88)90031-5","article-title":"Long-range transport of some organic compounds to the Norwegian Arctic","volume":"22","author":"Pacyna","year":"1988","journal-title":"Atmos Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1038\/324456a0","article-title":"Reproductive failure of common seals (Phoca vitulina) feeding on fish from polluted coastal waters","volume":"324","author":"Reijnders","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.1988.tb00190.x","article-title":"Ecotoxicological perspectives in marine mammalogy: research principles and goals for a conservation policy","volume":"4","author":"Reijnders","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mar Mamm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(94)90077-9","article-title":"Relative immunocompetence of the newborn harbour seal (Phoca vitulina)","volume":"42","author":"Ross","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1139\/f90-142","article-title":"Estimating the blubber content of phocid seals","volume":"47","author":"Ryg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1139\/z90-069","article-title":"Seasonal changes in body mass and body composition in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) on Svalbard","volume":"68","author":"Ryg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00324544","article-title":"Interlaboratory comparison of total cytochrome P450 and protein determination in rat liver microsomes","volume":"61","author":"Rutten","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB38","first-page":"1","article-title":"Toxaphene-chemistry, biochemistry, toxicity and environmental fate","volume":"118","author":"Saleh","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rev Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1021\/es00033a020","article-title":"Isolation and identification of two major recalcitrant toxaphene congeners in aquatic biota","volume":"26","author":"Stern","year":"1992","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB40","unstructured":"Stromberg JO, Andersen LG, Bjork G, et al. State of the marine environment in Antarctica. UNEP Regional seas report and studies no. 129. United Nations Environment Program, Nairobi, 1990."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB41","first-page":"174","article-title":"Variations of organochlorine residues with age and sex in antarctic minke whales","volume":"44","author":"Tanabe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Mem Natl Inst Polar Res Spec"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(83)90152-3","article-title":"The quantification of PCB's by microwave plasma detection and the analyses of PCB's in the blubber lipid of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)","volume":"27","author":"van der Zande","year":"1983","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(93)90383-8","article-title":"Hepatic cytochrome P450 induction in dwarf goats: effects of model inducers and the metabolism of alkoxyresorufins, testosterone and ethylmorphine, and on apoprotein and mRNA levels","volume":"45","author":"van't Klooster","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(93)90402-Q","article-title":"Global usage of toxaphene","volume":"27","author":"Voldner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolkers J, Witkamp RF, Nijmeijer SM, Burkow IC, de Groene EM, Lydersen C, Dahle S, Monshouwer M. Phase I and phase II enzyme activities in ringed seals (Phoca hispida); characterization of hepatic cytochrome P450 by activity patterns, inhibition studies, mRNA analyses, and Western blotting. Aquat Toxicol 1998; in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-445X(98)00063-0"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(92)90200-3","article-title":"Acid reaction products of indole-3-carbinol and their effects on cytochrome P450 and phase II enzymes in rat and monkey hepatocytes","volume":"43","author":"Wortelboer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(98)00131-4_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1016\/0045-6535(93)90388-L","article-title":"Identification of polychlorocamphenes in the polar bear food chain","volume":"27","author":"Zhu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chemosphere"}],"container-title":["Science of The Total Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969798001314?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0048969798001314?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T18:01:20Z","timestamp":1620928880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0048969798001314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0048969798001314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0048-9697(98)00131-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0048-9697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0048-9697","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,5]]}}}