{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T05:44:07Z","timestamp":1761630247776},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,9,1]],"date-time":"1998-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":904608000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0168-8278(98)80063-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T09:48:20Z","timestamp":1027590500000},"page":"443-449","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Bright basal ganglia in T1-weighted magnetic resonance images are frequent in patients with portal vein thrombosis without liver cirrhosis and not suggestive of hepatic encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Wilhelm","family":"Nolte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Wiltfang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christian G.","family":"Schindler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Knut","family":"Unterberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Finkenstaedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Niedmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Henz","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Giuliano","family":"Ramadori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB1","first-page":"909","article-title":"Chronic acquired hepatic failure: MR imaging of the brain at 1.5 T","volume":"12","author":"Brunberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.9.1526","article-title":"Hyperintensity in the globus pallidus on T1-weighted and inversion-recovery MRI: a possible marker of advanced liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Pujol","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840160613","article-title":"Pallidal hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging in cirrhotic patients: clinical correlations","volume":"16","author":"Kulisevsky","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.1_Part_1.65","article-title":"Hyperintense globus pallidus on T1-weighted MRI in cirrhotic patients is associated with severity of liver failure","volume":"43","author":"Pujol","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-7071(94)90049-3","article-title":"Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging of liver cirrhosis patients","volume":"18","author":"Uchino","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB6","first-page":"440","article-title":"Increased signals seen in globus pallidus in T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cirrhotics are not suggestive of chronic hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"21","author":"Thuluvath","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250109","article-title":"Cerebral abnormalities in patients with cirrhosis detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"25","author":"Geissler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.179.2.2014310","article-title":"Portal-systemic encephalopathy: presence of basal ganglia lesions with high signal intensity on MR images","volume":"179","author":"Inoue","year":"1991","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(94)80236-X","article-title":"A quantitative evaluation of magnetic resonance image signal changes of the brain in chronic hepatic encepalopathy","volume":"21","author":"Norton","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v111.pm8698193","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric profile and hyperintense globus pallidus on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images in liver cirrhosis","volume":"111","author":"Krieger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1958.38.3.503","article-title":"Manganese in health and disease","volume":"38","author":"Cotzias","year":"1958","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360611","article-title":"Manganese intoxication and chronic liver failure","volume":"36","author":"Hauser","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB13","first-page":"735","article-title":"Manganese and chronic hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"345","author":"Krieger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90909-5","article-title":"Increased concentrations in pallidum of cirrhotic patients","volume":"345","author":"Pomier-Layrargues","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB15","first-page":"96","article-title":"Accumulation of copper and manganese in brain of cirrhotic patients: role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE)","volume":"25","author":"Pomier-Layrargues","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)29004-4","article-title":"Increased manganese (Mn2+) in blood and in palladium of cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy: factor responsible for magnetic resonance (MR) signal hyperintensity","volume":"108","author":"Spahr","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(89)90157-X","article-title":"Visualizing manganese in the primate basal ganglia with magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"106","author":"Newland","year":"1989","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB18","first-page":"510","article-title":"Manganese encephalopathy: utility of early magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"50","author":"Nelson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB19","first-page":"964","article-title":"Diagnosis of chronic manganese intoxication by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"336","author":"Ariona","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3109\/15563658608990461","article-title":"Chronic enteral poisoning caused by potassium permanganate: a case report","volume":"24","author":"Holzgraefe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520460090018","article-title":"Chronic manganese intoxication","volume":"46","author":"Huang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.17.2.128","article-title":"Chronic manganese poisoning. Clinical picture and manganese turnover","volume":"17","author":"Mena","year":"1967","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00686083","article-title":"Chronic manganese poisoning: a neuropathological study with determination of manganese distribution in the brain","volume":"70","author":"Yamada","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.6.1199","article-title":"MRI and PET studies of manganese-intoxicated monkeys","volume":"45","author":"Shinotoh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.8.1479","article-title":"Progression after chronic manganese exposure","volume":"43","author":"Huang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90769-2","article-title":"Dystonia, hyperintense basal ganglia, and high whole blood manganese levels in Alagille's syndrome","volume":"106","author":"Devenyi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/32.7.1350","article-title":"Sampling and analysis techniques for monitoring serum for trace elements","volume":"32","author":"Ericson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB28","first-page":"1","article-title":"The hepatic encephalopathies","author":"Conn","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(57)90005-3","article-title":"The electroencephalograph in liver disease","volume":"ii","author":"Parsons-Smith","year":"1957","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB30","author":"Lezak","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(196801)24:1<96::AID-JCLP2270240131>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"The influence of age on trail making test performance","volume":"24","author":"Davies","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB32","author":"Tewes","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB33","first-page":"1059","article-title":"Diagnostik und Therapie der portosystemischen Enzephalopathie","volume":"83","author":"Weissenborn","year":"1994","journal-title":"Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80290-5","article-title":"MRI findings in chronic hepatic encephalopathy depend on portosystemic shunt: results of a controlled prospective clinical investigation","volume":"27","author":"Krieger","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01991864","article-title":"MR imaging of the basal anglia in chronic liver disease: correlation of T1-weighted and magnetisation transfer contrast measurements with liver dysfunction and neuropsychiatric status","volume":"10","author":"Taylor-Robinson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Metab Brain Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB36","first-page":"21","article-title":"Portal-systemic encephalopathy: report of a case with unusual MR findings","volume":"11","author":"Uchino","year":"1993","journal-title":"Radiat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.5.995","article-title":"Persistence of MRI hyperintensity of the globus pallidus incirrhotic patients: a 2-year follow-up study","volume":"45","author":"Kulisevsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1023994","article-title":"Diagnostik der hepatischen Enzephalopathien","volume":"121","author":"Nolte","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dtsch Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90109-G","article-title":"Manganese intoxication during total parenteral nutrition","volume":"339","author":"Ejima","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.185.2.1410368","article-title":"Basal ganglial signal intensity alterations: reversal after discontinuation of parenteral manganese administration","volume":"185","author":"Mirowitz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1966.211.1.211","article-title":"Role of liver in regulating distribution and excretion of manganese","volume":"211","author":"Papavasilou","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80063-9_BIB42","first-page":"379","article-title":"Effect of liver transplantation on hepatic encephalopathy and hyperintense globus pallidus on T1-weighted MRI in liver failure: results of a prospective study","volume":"22","author":"Herrmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatlogy"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168827898800639?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0168827898800639?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T20:05:32Z","timestamp":1680725132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0168827898800639"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,9]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0168827898800639"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0168-8278(98)80063-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0168-8278"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0168-8278","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,9]]}}}