{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T16:48:15Z","timestamp":1772297295780,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Lancet Respiratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-2600(15)00326-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,25]],"date-time":"2015-10-25T01:13:46Z","timestamp":1445735626000},"page":"859-868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":162,"title":["Incidence and prognosis of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (TAVeM): a multicentre, prospective, observational study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Martin-Loeches","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Povoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Curcio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Mira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Lourdes","family":"Cordero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Lepecq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Girault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Candeias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Seguin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Paulino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Messika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alejandro G","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Valles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ligia","family":"Rabello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thiago","family":"Lisboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Salluh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Nseir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318232e41d","article-title":"Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia or ventilator-associated complications: a worthy, yet challenging, goal","volume":"40","author":"Kollef","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1086\/653051","article-title":"Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis and pneumonia: thinking outside the box","volume":"51","author":"Craven","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3283229fdb","article-title":"Nosocomial tracheobronchitis","volume":"22","author":"Nseir","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R32","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13725","article-title":"Incidence and diagnosis of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) in the intensive care unit: an international online survey","volume":"18","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2011.06.001","article-title":"Diagnosis of ventilator-associated respiratory infections (VARI): Microbiologic clues for tracheobronchitis (VAT) and pneumonia (VAP)","volume":"32","author":"Craven","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R179","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5136","article-title":"A modified McCabe score for stratification of patients after intensive care unit discharge: the Sabadell score","volume":"10","author":"Fernandez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F. A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European\/North American multicenter study. JAMA; 270: 2957\u201363.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510240069035"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288809164103","article-title":"The Barthel ADL Index: a reliability study","volume":"10","author":"Collin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Int Disabil Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2808-5","article-title":"Potentially resistant microorganisms in intubated patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia: the interaction of ecology, shock and risk factors","volume":"39","author":"Martin-Loeches","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709751","article-title":"The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction\/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"22","author":"Vincent","year":"1996","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/143.5_Pt_1.1121","article-title":"Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia by bacteriologic analysis of bronchoscopic and nonbronchoscopic \u2018blind\u2019 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid","volume":"143","author":"Pugin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4851","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00627-10","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy for sepsis","volume":"54","author":"Paul","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-20","article-title":"Accounting for centre-effects in multicentre trials with a binary outcome\u2013when, why, and how?","volume":"14","author":"Kahan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19981015)17:19<2265::AID-SIM918>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Propensity score methods for bias reduction in the comparison of a treatment to a non-randomized control group","volume":"17","author":"D'Agostino","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-11-200712040-00013","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia\u2013the wrong quality measure for benchmarking","volume":"147","author":"Klompas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-008-1336-9","article-title":"Defining, treating and preventing hospital acquired pneumonia: European perspective","volume":"35","author":"Torres","year":"2009","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.1.9907090","article-title":"Noninvasive versus invasive microbial investigation in ventilator-associated pneumonia: evaluation of outcome","volume":"162","author":"Ruiz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318169ed30","article-title":"Building a continuous multicenter infection surveillance system in the intensive care unit: findings from the initial data set of 9,493 patients from 71 Italian intensive care units","volume":"36","author":"Malacarne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2997-6","article-title":"Pre-emptive broad-spectrum treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia in high-risk patients","volume":"39","author":"Bouza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.12.012","article-title":"Incidence and outcomes of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis and pneumonia","volume":"126","author":"Craven","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R129","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13940","article-title":"Impact of appropriate antimicrobial treatment on transition from ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis to ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"18","author":"Nseir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181e4d7be","article-title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia in trauma patients is associated with lower mortality: results from EU-VAP study","volume":"69","author":"Magret","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000124","article-title":"Risks for multidrug-resistant pathogens in the ICU","volume":"5","author":"Martin-Loeches","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.360","article-title":"Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with multiple trauma: the randomized controlled HYPOLYTE study","volume":"305","author":"Roquilly","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70144-4","article-title":"Hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone for prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (Corti-TC): a double-blind, multicentre phase 3, randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"2","author":"Asehnoune","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2012.08.041","article-title":"High discordance of chest x-ray and computed tomography for detection of pulmonary opacities in ED patients: implications for diagnosing pneumonia","volume":"31","author":"Self","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-1336","article-title":"Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in a mixed surgical and medical ICU population","volume":"139","author":"Dallas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medin.2011.10.009","article-title":"Intubated patients developing tracheobronchitis or pneumonia have distinctive complement system gene expression signatures in the pre-infection period: a pilot study","volume":"36","author":"Martin-Loeches","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Intensiva"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-004-3167-0","article-title":"Erratum: Outcomes of ventilated COPD patients with nosocomial tracheobronchitis: a case-control study","volume":"32","author":"Nseir","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R238","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3508","article-title":"Effect of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis on outcome in patients without chronic respiratory failure: a case-control study","volume":"9","author":"Nseir","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R62","DOI":"10.1186\/cc6890","article-title":"Antimicrobial treatment for ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: a randomized, controlled, multicenter study","volume":"12","author":"Nseir","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31817c0f9e","article-title":"Aerosolized antibiotics and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in the intensive care unit","volume":"36","author":"Palmer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-1361","article-title":"Efficacy of single-dose antibiotic against early-onset pneumonia in comatose patients who are ventilated","volume":"143","author":"Vall\u00e9s","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201001-0094OC","article-title":"Nosocomial pneumonia in the intensive care unit acquired by mechanically ventilated versus nonventilated patients","volume":"182","author":"Esperatti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["The Lancet Respiratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213260015003264?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213260015003264?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,18]],"date-time":"2018-09-18T05:56:54Z","timestamp":1537250214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213260015003264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213260015003264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2213-2600(15)00326-4","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.725854250.793539576","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2213-2600"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-2600","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Incidence and prognosis of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (TAVeM): a multicentre, prospective, observational study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Lancet Respiratory Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00326-4","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00361-6","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}