{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T13:37:45Z","timestamp":1758634665639},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,14]],"date-time":"2009-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1239667200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":10665,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genet. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>With the aim of knowing the probable magnitude of non-random association between inversion chromosomes and electromorphs, both deterministic and stochastic studies are conducted on the evolutionary change of non-random association, which is defined as the difference in the frequency of a given allele between inversion and non-inversion chromosomes. In these studies inversion chromosomes are assumed to be subject to selection but electromorphs are selectively neutral, and recombination is allowed to occur between inversion and non-inversion chromosomes with a low frequency. The deterministic study has shown that in a variety of selective schemes for inversion chromosomes the non-random association decays at a rate equal to the recombination value in every generation. Thus, if the recombination value is of the order of 10<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\u02dc 10<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>, it would take a long time for the non-random association to disappear. Furthermore, the stochastic study has indicated that random genetic drift generates non-random association of inversions and electromorphs in finite populations and the standard error of non-random association often becomes larger than the mean. In addition to these problems the time required for the electromorph frequencies in the inversion and noninversion chromosomes to become equal in a finite population and the probability that the population of inversion chromosomes remains monomorphic for the allele which existed in the initial inversion introduced are studied. Considering all these quantities, it is concluded that data on the non-random association between electromorphs and inversions are not very informative for the study of the maintenance of protein polymorphism. It is also indicated that in the study of association between electromorphs and inversion chromosomes non-random association or Yule's coefficient of association has a better property than the usual linkage disequilibrium measure or correlation coefficient. Implications of this study on some experimental observations are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s001667230001394x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,17]],"date-time":"2009-09-17T07:39:04Z","timestamp":1253173144000},"page":"65-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Non-random association between electromorphs and inversion chromosomes in finite populations"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Nei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wen-Hsiung","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"98","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/74.2.371","article-title":"Probability of fixation and fixation time of an overdominant mutation","volume":"74","author":"Nei","year":"1973","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/281905"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1979.tb04691.x"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0016672300017511"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/31.2.125","article-title":"Genetics of natural populations. XII. Experimental reproduction of some of the changes caused by natural selection in certain populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura","volume":"31","author":"Wright","year":"1946","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-93065-2"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00486100"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/68.4.571","article-title":"Linkage disequilibrium between two segregating nucleotide sites under the steady flux of mutations in a finite population","volume":"68","author":"Ohta","year":"1969","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.68.5.1065"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/23.1.28","article-title":"Inversions in the chromosomes of Drosophila pseudoobscura","volume":"23","author":"Dobzhansky","year":"1938","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01245622"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref003","volume-title":"Genetics of the Evolutionary Process","author":"Dobzhansky","year":"1970"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/78.3.921","article-title":"Linkage disequilibrium in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"78","author":"Langley","year":"1974","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref002","volume-title":"An Introduction to Population Genetics Theory","author":"Crow","year":"1970"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.71.3.746"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/57.4.741","article-title":"Frequency changes of new inversions in populations under mutation-selection equilibria","volume":"57","author":"Nei","year":"1967","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref017","volume-title":"Molecular Population Genetics and Evolution","author":"Nei","year":"1975"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/77.4.771","article-title":"The genetic structure of natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. XII. Linkage disequilibrium in a large local population","volume":"77","author":"Mukai","year":"1974","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.34.4.137"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/75.1.123","article-title":"Gene coversion and transfer of genetic information within the inverted region of inversion heterozygote","volume":"75","author":"Chovnick","year":"1973","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0016672300015822"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02981626"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.59.2.398"},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref006","unstructured":"Epling C. (1944). Contributions to the Genetics, Taxonomy, and Ecology of Drosophila pseudoobscura and Its Relatives. III. The historical background. Carnegie Institute Washington Publication, no. 554, pp. 147\u2013183."},{"key":"S001667230001394X_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/69.3.405","article-title":"A molecular approach to the study of genie heterozygosity in natural populations. V. Further direct evidence of coadaptation in inversions of Drosophila","volume":"69","author":"Prakash","year":"1971","journal-title":"Genetics"}],"container-title":["Genetical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S001667230001394X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T22:47:03Z","timestamp":1633906023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S001667230001394X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,2]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S001667230001394X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s001667230001394x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-6723","1469-5073"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-6723","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-5073","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,2]]}}}