{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T04:23:52Z","timestamp":1759638232565},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":9623,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Of the 39 most common helminth parasites of man listed by Peters &amp; Gilles (1977), 30 may be detected and often diagnosed by finding their eggs or larvae in the faeces of infected people. The preferred habitat of many of these helminths is the alimentary tract itself and the continual flow of material through the food tube provides a simple, passive and reliable means of transport and eventual exit from the host for the reproductive stages of a worm. Helminth eggs are generally less than 150 \u03bcm in diameter and although individually comprise a small material investment by the adult worm in the propagation of the species, the chances of infecting a host are so slim (though this may be a teleological inference) that adult worms are often highly fecund: a female <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> is estimated to release daily into the intestine approximately 200,000 eggs (WHO, 1967). Yet numbers should not always be equated with great substance or bulk \u2013 an equally important determinant of the chances of finding an egg in faeces: assuming a spherical diameter of 60 \u03bcm and a specific gravity of 1\u00b72 (Sawitz, 1942) then a female <jats:italic>Ascaris<\/jats:italic> is estimated to produce only about 25 mg of eggs each day, which is 0\u00b701% of a moderate daily output of 250 g of faeces.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000056389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T16:36:28Z","timestamp":1244219788000},"page":"605-613","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Intestinal helminths of man: the interpretation of egg counts"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref032","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Regulation of Parasite Populations","author":"Schad","year":"1977"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref024","first-page":"139","article-title":"Comparison of the direct smear and dilution egg counts in the quantitative determination of hookworm infections","volume":"64","author":"Melvin","year":"1956","journal-title":"American Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(82)90272-3"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref003","first-page":"413","article-title":"The relationship of nutrition and health to worker productivity in Kenya","volume":"56","author":"Brooks","year":"1979","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1941.s1-21.159"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3272719"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(78)90078-4"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref006","volume-title":"An Illustrated Laboratory Manual of Parasitology","author":"Cable","year":"1958"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(57)90037-1"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref035","first-page":"509","article-title":"Evaluation of Kato thick smear technique for the detection of helminthic ova in faeces","volume":"65","author":"Sehgal","year":"1977","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(81)90148-6"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/32.4.916","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia and the productivity of adult males in Indonesia","volume":"32","author":"Basta","year":"1979","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1965.14.747"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref034","first-page":"176","article-title":"Studies in Egypt on the correction of helminth egg count data for size and consistency of stools","volume":"27","author":"Scott","year":"1938","journal-title":"American Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref039","first-page":"156","article-title":"Investigations on the control of hookworm disease. XVIII. On the relationship between the number of eggs found in human feces and the number of hookworms in the host","volume":"3","author":"Stoll","year":"1923","journal-title":"American Journal of Hygiene"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1934.s1-14.363"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19730032"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1968.17.382"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3278497"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref029","first-page":"269","volume-title":"Advances in Parasitology","volume":"10","author":"Pawlowski","year":"1972"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/284283a0"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref018","volume-title":"Human Schistosomiasis","author":"Jordan","year":"1969"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref042","volume-title":"Diagnosing Helminthiasis through Coprologocal Examination","author":"Thienpoint","year":"1979"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref045","volume-title":"Control of Ascariasis","year":"1967"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref030","volume-title":"A Colour Atlas of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology","author":"Peters","year":"1977"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-13-1-45"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref004","volume-title":"Basic Clinical Parasitology","author":"Brown","year":"1975"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref013","unstructured":"Hall A. (1981 a). Aspects of parasitic infection and host nutrition. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Cambridge."},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3276967"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(75)90198-4"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref040","first-page":"1","article-title":"This wormy world","volume":"33","author":"Stoll","year":"1947","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(82)90092-X"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1955.4.756"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref044","first-page":"265","article-title":"Intestinal obstruction in Kenya","volume":"1","author":"Wamba","year":"1974","journal-title":"East African Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)90357-4"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200005006X"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref028","first-page":"95","article-title":"Comparison of Kato thick smear technique and formol\u2013ether sedimentation method for qualitative diagnosis of intestinal helminths","volume":"58","author":"Pamba","year":"1981","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref041","first-page":"56","volume-title":"Parasitic Infections in Man","author":"Stoll","year":"1951"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000055177"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1966.46.3.457","article-title":"Movements of the large intestine","volume":"46","author":"Truelove","year":"1966","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref026","volume-title":"Worms and Disease: A Manual of Medical Helminthology","author":"Muller","year":"1975"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.180.4085.502"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000052847"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.23.6.545"},{"key":"S0031182000056389_ref010","volume-title":"A History of Parasitology","author":"Foster","year":"1965"}],"container-title":["Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0031182000056389","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T20:09:45Z","timestamp":1558728585000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0031182000056389\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1982,12]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031182000056389"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0031182000056389","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-1820","1469-8161"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-1820","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8161","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1982,12]]}}}