{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:12:10Z","timestamp":1772755930859,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]],"date-time":"2009-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238976000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21979,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1949,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A new virus affecting cruciferous plants is described and the name suggested for it is the<jats:italic>turnip yellow mosaic virus.<\/jats:italic>The virus is sap-transmissible and has a dilution end-point in extracted sap of 10<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>. The thermal inactivation point lies between 70 and 75\u00b0 C.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The virus is not transmitted by insects with sucking mouthparts, but the insect vector in nature is a flea-beetle,<jats:italic>Phyllotreta<\/jats:italic>sp. More than one species of flea-beetle can transmit the virus.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Under experimental conditions the virus has been transmitted by the mustard beetle,<jats:italic>Phaedon cochleariae<\/jats:italic>and its larva; by the \u2018long-horn\u2019 grasshopper,<jats:italic>Leptophyes punctatissima<\/jats:italic>Bosc.; by the \u2018short-horn\u2019 grasshopper,<jats:italic>Stauroderus bicolor<\/jats:italic>Charp. and by the common earwig,<jats:italic>Forflcula auricularia<\/jats:italic>Linn. Lepidopterous larvae have, so far, failed to transmit the virus.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The relationship of the virus with biting insects is discussed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Turnip yellow mosaic virus has been obtained from several cruciferous plants as a nucleoprotein of the pentose type. It crystallizes from salt solutions as isotropic octahedra and from 20% alcohol at pH 3\u00b77 as birefringent needles. On centrifuging out of solution the pellets are also crystalline. The virus preparation contains some 22% of nucleic acid.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The virus is denatured at room temperature in alcohol of concentration greater than 30% in neutral solutions, and the nucleic acid, which is a large polymerized particle, is liberated.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The preparations have been found to consist of 80 % of a nucleoprotein and 20 % of a nucleic acid-free protein which may be isolated by high-speed centrifuging. The latter has the same electrophoretic mobility and isoelectric point (pH 3\u00b77) as the nucleoprotein; both crystallize in the same crystal form, and they are serologically identical.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The nucleic acid-free material does not seem to be infectious.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000083918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,5]],"date-time":"2009-06-05T18:06:43Z","timestamp":1244225203000},"page":"330-342","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":229,"title":["Studies on the virus of turnip yellow mosaic"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Roy","family":"Markham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kenneth M.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0031182000083918_ref015","volume-title":"A Text-book of Plant Virus Diseases","author":"Smith","year":"1937"},{"key":"S0031182000083918_ref013","first-page":"85","volume":"9","author":"Militzer","year":"1946","journal-title":"Arch. 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