{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T17:16:37Z","timestamp":1772298997029,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705881600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Robotica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Flexible endoscopy is the gold standard modality for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of various colorectal conditions. A high bar is currently set for any new technology to replace the current modern colonoscope, but limitations do exist. For a robotic system to gain acceptance, ideally a clear advantage over the established standard needs to be demonstrated. The application of robotic technology inspired by locomotion observed in animals has been demonstrated in many fields including colonoscopy. A myriad of novel concepts has been proposed, which can overcome the anatomical and technical challenges.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This review discusses novel and innovative examples of bioinspired robotic locomotion in the colon with a detailed comparison of studies alongside separating the discussion by animal sections of insect, marine and reptile locomotion. We also discuss the current advantages and challenges a bioinspired robot will bring to the colon.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Bioinspired robotics in the colon is an exciting field of research with the potential to improve upon current existing high standards of practice in colonoscopy. By addressing areas that the conventional colonoscope is weaker in, studies are demonstrating improvement\u00a0upon current limitations of standard practice and providing an insight into new methods of engineering and fabrication. Focus on the technological, mechanical and regulatory barriers is key to achieve acceptance into standard practice and will allow the aspiration of a safe, low discomfort, low cost and potentially fully autonomous robotic colonoscope to be not too distant in the future of colonoscopy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0263574724000055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T22:16:02Z","timestamp":1706134562000},"page":"4249-4259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A review of bioinspired locomotion in lower GI endoscopy"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8889-7726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jabed F.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London"},{"name":"Imperial College London Healthcare Trust"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London"}]},{"given":"Ferdinando","family":"Rodriguez Y. Baena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London"}]},{"given":"Ara","family":"Darzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London"}]},{"given":"Nisha","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London"},{"name":"Imperial College London Healthcare Trust"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2345\/i0899-8205-40-6-471.1"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2003.1255"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2000.109802"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-3182\/4\/2\/021001"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref32","first-page":"261","article-title":"Motorised spiral enteroscopy: First prospective clinical feasibility study","volume":"70","author":"Beyna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i5.1811"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Robotics for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery: A review","volume":"9","author":"Xianao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Robot."},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118406427"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03091902.2011.625463"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref7","unstructured":"[7] Top 4 Reasons for the Failure of Robotic Process Automation (RPA), In: Homepage. https:\/\/www.xenith.co.uk\/blog\/top-4-reasons-for-the-failure-of-robotic-process-automation."},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12206-014-1009-2"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2017.2678540"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development and in vitro testing of a miniature robotic system for computer-assisted colonoscopy","volume":"4","author":"Dario","year":"1999","journal-title":"Comput. Aided Surg. Off. J. Int. Soc. Comput. Aided Surg."},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061648"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref6","unstructured":"[6] Robotics in Healthcare_ the future of medical care \u2013 intel.pdf (2021). https:\/\/www.coursehero.com\/file\/106467262\/Robotics-in-Healthcare-The-Future-of-Medical-Care-Intelpdf\/. Accessed 7 December 2022."},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref15","unstructured":"[15] Mangan, E. , Kinglsey, D. , Quinn, R. and Chiel, H. , \u201cDevelopment of a Peristaltic Endoscope,\u201d IEEE International Conference on Robotics 8 Automation (2002) pp. 347\u2013352."},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app112311351"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref34","unstructured":"[34] Tsui, E.-Y. (2018). The I2 snake robotic platform for endoscopic surgery: Imperial news: Imperial College London,\u201d Imperial News. https:\/\/www.imperial.ac.uk\/news\/195620\/the-i2-snake-robotic-platform-endoscopic\/. Accessed 7 December 2022."},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref5","first-page":"306","article-title":"Factors associated with abdominal pain in patients submitted to colonoscopy","volume":"7","author":"Bellei","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Coloproctol."},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2014.0001"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2010.4.1.31"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6362-2"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-3190\/ab45c9"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.2010"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.09.021"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-013-2818-6"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i2.190"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref29","first-page":"339","volume-title":"Total Mesorectal Excision Using the STIFF-FLOP Soft and Flexible Robotic Arm in Cadaver Models","author":"Allaix","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.389"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2002.1001976"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref27","first-page":"1427","article-title":"Use of total underwater colonoscopy to navigate endoscopic challenges","volume":"18","author":"Anderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Off. Clin. Pract. J. Am. Gastroenterol. Assoc."},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-010-0481-0"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0954411915591023"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2019.2949466"},{"key":"S0263574724000055_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202211385"}],"container-title":["Robotica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0263574724000055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T07:52:10Z","timestamp":1755589930000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0263574724000055\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0263574724000055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0263574724000055","relation":{},"ISSN":["0263-5747","1469-8668"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0263-5747","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8668","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]]}}}