{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:18:09Z","timestamp":1775067489891,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":186,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750982400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Robotica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Indoor positioning systems (IPS) are essential for mobile robot navigation in environments where global positioning systems (GPS) are unavailable, such as hospitals, warehouses, and intelligent infrastructure. While current surveys may limit themselves to specific technologies or fail to provide practical application-specific details, this review summarizes IPS developments directed specifically towards mobile robotics. It examines and compares a breadth of approaches that vary across non-radio frequency, radio frequency, and hybrid sensor fusion systems, through the lens of performance metrics that include accuracy, delay, scalability, and cost. Distinctively, this work explores emerging innovations, including synthetic aperture radar (SAR), federated learning, and privacy-aware AI, which are reshaping the IPS landscape. The motivation stems from the\u2019 increasing complexity and dynamic nature of indoor environments, where high-precision, real-time localization is essential for safety and efficiency. This literature review provides a new conceptual, cross-border pathway for research and implementation of IPS in mobile robotics, addressing both technical and application-related challenges in sectors related to healthcare, industry, and smart cities. The findings from the literature review allow early career researchers, industry knowledge workers, and stakeholders to provide secure societal, human, and economic integration of IPS with AI and IoT in safe expansions and scale-ups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0263574725101872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T23:26:22Z","timestamp":1750980382000},"page":"2710-2750","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Advancing indoor positioning systems: innovations, challenges, and applications in mobile robotics"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Rushikesh A.","family":"Deshmukh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ramdeobaba University"}]},{"given":"Meghana A.","family":"Hasamnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ramdeobaba University"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2911-3784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madhusudan B.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE)"}]},{"given":"Manish","family":"Bhaiyya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2022.109041"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2020.3016051"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app15010355"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-023-05685-3"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18093134"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0010202600380047"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCDS.2023.3239815"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11831-022-09815-7"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3053342"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2022.03.005"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19475705.2021.1964617"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2015.2415031"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2019.2960780"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref117","first-page":"1","article-title":"Research on robot positioning and navigation algorithm based on SLAM","volume":"2022","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Mob. Comput"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2017.2743228"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2422751"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics8030075"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2906388.2906417"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3149048"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref110","first-page":"131","article-title":"IMU and wheel odometry fusion for indoor mobile robot localization and navigation","volume":"3","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acad. J. Comput. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19112519"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref150","first-page":"604","article-title":"Indoor navigation system based on passive RFID transponder with digital compass for visually impaired people","volume":"7","author":"A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2023.3301531"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOT.2020.2981485"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24237490"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app142311005"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2023.3327211"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23041855"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2019.106522"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20082299"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2020.3008187"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2992996"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igx004.2607"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2017.03.002"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2024.100651"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19071496"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44285-023-00011-y"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1729881419896660"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3124970"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1730655"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2015.2441694"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-022-01582-8"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2961266"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics11040293"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref105","first-page":"1","article-title":"Safe and robust mobile robot navigation in uneven indoor environments","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors (Switzerland)"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21595\/rsa.2024.23893"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1729881420919940"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2024.3502825"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031376"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/ir.2023.22"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18093095"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546553.2021.1880235"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10514-019-09874-z"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref35","first-page":"540","article-title":"Intrusion detection and prevention system for an ioT environment, digit","volume":"8","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Netw."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-97929-4_18"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosrev.2018.09.001"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2024.108349"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2015.2464084"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1729881417745607"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s16050707"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.125780"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app11135963"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2018.10.025"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2018.01.009"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17112518"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11121838"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22134819"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3174865"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JAS.2023.124140"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3203438"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-024-02019-5"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20164486"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JRFID.2022.3186852"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44212-024-00037-9"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.robot.2019.103285"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-84205-5_68"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/402\/1\/012022"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOMWKSHPS61880.2024.10620739"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2019.2933886"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2015.01.009"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2023.1250209"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372224.3380894"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics12020047"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref129","article-title":"Wi-Fi indoor positioning and navigation: A cloudlet-based cloud computing approach","volume":"10","author":"Khanh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Human-Centr. Ccomput. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2846554"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18041294"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12518-018-00252-5"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref92","first-page":"1","article-title":"Autonomous navigation system of greenhouse mobile robot based on 3D Lidar and 2D Lidar SLAM","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20174742"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22082927"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21031002"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app13116768"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2021.3113358"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNPS.2019.8896297"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics7010004"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22041689"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2895131"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23104962"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3111083"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18010266"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref181","first-page":"19","article-title":"Federated learning: Applications, challenges and future directions","volume":"18","author":"Bharati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Hybrid Intell. Syst."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3060760"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24186099"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs14236133"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app9061048"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.863"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0373463317000194"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20216278"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103228"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref39","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evolution of wearable devices with real-time disease monitoring for personalized healthcare","volume":"9","author":"Guk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanomaterials-BASEL"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24216876"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12071533"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIV.2020.2980758"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2020.01.044"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19020249"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2403368"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref113","first-page":"197","article-title":"SLAM-based pseudo-GNSS\/INS localization system for indoor liDAR mobile mapping systems, 2018 IEEE\/ION position, locat","volume":"2018","author":"Shamseldin","year":"2018","journal-title":"2018 IEEE\/ION Position, Locat. Navig. Symp. PLANS 2018 - Proc."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref123","first-page":"1","article-title":"An rssi-based localization, path planning and computer vision-based decision making robotic system","volume":"9","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Electron"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref53","first-page":"425","article-title":"A safe, efficient and integrated indoor robotic fleet for logistic applications in healthcare and commercial spaces: The endorse concept","volume":"2019","author":"Ramdani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. - IEEE Int. Conf. Mob. Data Manag."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/math11061455"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref151","first-page":"175","article-title":"Design of indoor robot prototype guided by rfid based positioning and navigation system","volume":"46","author":"Demiral","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Photogram. Remote Sens. Spat. Inf. Sci. - ISPRS Arch."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2015.2396640"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics12040115"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM46510.2021.9685548"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5013\/IJSSST.a.20.S1.12"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/chso.12960-10.1111\/chso.12960"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3062557"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref99","first-page":"1","article-title":"A 2D-LiDAR-based localization method for indoor mobile robots using correlative scan matching","volume":"43","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"Robotica"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2021.3129917"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Indoor and outdoor low-cost seamless integrated navigation system based on the integration of INS\/GNSS\/LIDAR system","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3052316"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52866\/2788-7421.1241"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40648-018-0114-x"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22114172"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-023-05764-5"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2024.02.007"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2016.2590380"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref161","first-page":"1","article-title":"Radio frequency interference best practices guidebook, public saf","volume":"2020","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun. \u2013 RF Interf."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref148","first-page":"1","article-title":"Robot indoor positioning and navigation based on improved wiFi location fingerprint positioning algorithm","volume":"2022","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref172","first-page":"6115","article-title":"A real-time system for in-home activity monitoring of elders","volume":"2009","author":"Zhongna Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. Int. Conf. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. Annu. Int. Conf."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-018-2271-3"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref127","first-page":"1","article-title":"Wi-Fi-based indoor localization and navigation: A robot-aided hybrid deep learning approach","volume":"23","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s16081200"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3218301"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338231152084"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22041377"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SII.2012.6427311"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20185182"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2023.3282299"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24123827"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref60","first-page":"1","article-title":"Indoor positioning system based on chest-mounted IMU","volume":"19","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors (Switzerland)"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref135","first-page":"1","article-title":"Flexible Wi-Fi communication among mobile robots in indoor industrial environments","volume":"2018","author":"Haxhibeqiri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mob. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2016.05.006"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dac.5397"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2020.107557"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04117-4"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref66","first-page":"1","article-title":"High-accuracy and real-time indoor positioning system based on visible light communication and mobile robot","volume":"2020","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Opt."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21206858"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21175776"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22062093"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iot.2022.100608"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23125710"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref120","first-page":"47","article-title":"Development of mobile robot SLAM based on ROS","volume":"5","author":"An","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mech. Eng. Robot. Res."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18020407"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3169267"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10175782"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/technologies12090157"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17112554"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3230989"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2018.2865339"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17061299"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksuci.2021.02.015"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23073606"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2010.2084582"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref98","first-page":"1","article-title":"2D Lidar-based SLAM and path planning for indoor rescue using mobile robots","volume":"2020","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adv. Transp."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics12041023"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17061268"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPIN.2017.8115911"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/designs6010017"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Review of indoor positioning: Radio wave technology","volume":"11","author":"Kim Geok","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11554-020-00989-6"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10878-022-00939-x"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2021.102402"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26599\/TST.2023.9010010"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17061272"},{"key":"S0263574725101872_ref14","first-page":"8898672","article-title":"Evaluation of localization by extended kalman filter, unscented kalman filter, and particle filter-based techniques","volume":"2020","author":"Ullah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput"}],"container-title":["Robotica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0263574725101872","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T11:24:15Z","timestamp":1755084255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0263574725101872\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"references-count":186,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0263574725101872"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0263574725101872","relation":{},"ISSN":["0263-5747","1469-8668"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0263-5747","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8668","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]}}}