{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T18:30:19Z","timestamp":1767637819488,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Maximum Academic Press","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,7]],"date-time":"2009-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246924800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":5972,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Knowledge Engineering Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the past decade, expert systems have been applied to a wide variety of application tasks. A central problem of expert system development and maintenance is the demand placed on knowledge engineers and domain experts. A commonly proposed solution is knowledge-acquisition tools. This paper reviews a class of knowledge-acquisition tools that presuppose the problem-solving method, as well as the structure of the knowledge base. These explicit problem-solving models are exploited by the tools during knowledge-acquisition, knowledge generalization, error checking and code generation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0269888900000047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,7]],"date-time":"2009-07-07T09:35:02Z","timestamp":1246959302000},"page":"5-25","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Knowledge-acquisition tools with explicit problem-solving models"],"prefix":"10.48130","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"William","family":"Birmingham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Klinker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"27968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0269888900000047_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(87)80034-2"},{"key":"S0269888900000047_ref015","unstructured":"Forgy CL , 1984. \u201cThe OPS83 Report\u201d. 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