{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T18:28:20Z","timestamp":1767637700143,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Maximum Academic Press","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,7]],"date-time":"2009-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246924800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":6884,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Knowledge Engineering Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mechanical engineering design is a broad subject area covering many topics and bas influences upon many other engineering disciplines and activities. Computer support for mechanical engineering design activity has been in draughting Systems and analysis packages, but there has been little in conceptual design assistance. This paper presents a number of areas of work in which AI techniques and developments are being used, sometimes in conjunction with traditional methods, to improve the support of design. The approaches to design and design Systems are covered, along with some techniques that are used. Specifie design Systems illustrate progress, and integration issues and simultaneous engineering Systems indicate the way research is moving. Finally, discussion of the trends and future topics indicates where and how effort may be applied in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0269888900005397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,7]],"date-time":"2009-07-07T09:35:55Z","timestamp":1246959355000},"page":"167-179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Applications and prospects for AI in mechanical engineering design"],"prefix":"10.48130","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ian M.","family":"Carter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"27968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref029","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Knowledge Engineering in Computer-Aided Design","author":"Tomiyama","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref028","unstructured":"Talukdar S , Rehg J and Elfes A , 1988. \u201cDescriptive models of design projects\u201d Proceedings of the Third International Conference on AI in Engineering, \u201cArtificial Intelligence in Engineering: Design\u201d, ed. JS Gero, Amsterdam:Elsevier\/Computational Mechanics, pp 379\u2013392."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref027","unstructured":"Smithers T , Conkie A , Doheny J , Logan B and Millington K , 1989. \u201cDesign as intelligent behaviour: An AI in design research programme\u201d Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on AI in Engineering, \u201cArtificial Intelligence in Design\u201d, ed. JS Gero, Elsevier\/Computational Mechanics 1989, pp 293\u2013334."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref026","unstructured":"Serrano D and Gossard D , 1988. \u201cConstraint management in MCAE\u201d Proceedings of the Third International Conference on AI in Engineering, \u201cArtificial Intelligence in Engineering: Design\u201d, ed. JS Gero, Amsterdam:Elsevier\/Computational Mechanics, pp 217\u2013240."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref023","unstructured":"Rehg J , Elfes A , Talukdar S , Woodbury R , Eisenberger M and Edahl R , 1988. \u201cCASE: Computer-aided simultaneous engineering\u201d Proceedings of the Third International Conference on AI in Engineering, \u201cArtificial Intelligence in Engineering: Design\u201d, ed. JS Gero, Amsterdam: Elsevier\/Computational Mechanics, pp 339\u2013360."},{"volume-title":"Total design. 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JS Gero, Amsterdam:Elsevier\/Computatonal Mechanics, pp 385\u2013403."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref018","first-page":"333","article-title":"The ARCADE and OSA contribution to the theory of integrated CAD Systems","author":"Marechal","year":"1985","journal-title":"IFIP \u201cDesign Theory for CAD\u201d"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref017","unstructured":"MacCallum KJ , 1989. \u201cDoes intelligent CAD exist?\u201d invited talk, Fourth International Conference on AI in Engineering."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref016","first-page":"2","article-title":"Design in a distributed blackboard framework","volume":"5","author":"Kitzmiller","year":"1987","journal-title":"IFIP WG"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref015","unstructured":"Ishii K , Goel A and Adler RE , 1989. \u201cA model of simultaneous engineering design\u201d Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on AI in Engineering, \u201cArtificial Intelligence in Design\u201d, ed. JS Gero, Amsterdam:Elsevier\/Computational Mechanics, pp 483\u2013501."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref014","unstructured":"Ishii K , Adler RE and Barkan P , 1988. \u201cKnowledge based simultaneous engineering using design compatibility analysis\u201d Proceedings of the Third International Conference on AI in Engineering, \u201cArtificial Intelligence in Engineering: Design\u201d, ed. JS Gero, Amsterdam:Elsevier\/Computational Mechanics, pp 361\u2013378."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01580205"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref010","unstructured":"David BT , 1987. \u201cCaio: an intelligent CAD System\u201d in IFIP WG 5.2, 10."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref009","first-page":"95","article-title":"Blackboard architectures in computer aided engineering","volume":"1","author":"Corby","year":"1986","journal-title":"International Journal for AI in Engineering"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref008","first-page":"205","volume-title":"Knowledge Engineering in Computer-Aided Design","author":"Cholvy","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MEX.1986.4306977"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref005","first-page":"592","article-title":"An integration tool for life-cycle engineering","author":"Chalfan","year":"1987","journal-title":"IJCAI '87"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref004","first-page":"80","article-title":"A knowledge System that integrates heterogeneous software for a design application","author":"Chalfan","year":"1986","journal-title":"AI Magazine"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref003","first-page":"259","volume-title":"Knowledge Engineering in Computer-Aided Design","author":"Brown","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ep.1987.0240"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref024","first-page":"40","article-title":"An approach to structured analysis","author":"Ross","year":"1986","journal-title":"Computer Decisions"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref006","first-page":"264","volume-title":"CIPS","author":"Chalfan","year":"1987"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref012","first-page":"393","volume-title":"Knowledge Engineering in Computer-Aided Design","author":"Hatvany","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref013","first-page":"23","article-title":"Dominic: A domain-independent program for mechanical engineering design","volume":"1","author":"Howe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref001","first-page":"58","article-title":"Interactive engineering Systems design: A study for artificial intelligence applications","volume":"4","author":"Boyle","year":"1989","journal-title":"International Journal for AI in Engineering"},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref002","unstructured":"Brown DC , 1985. \u201cCapturing mechanical design knowledge\u201d Proceedings ASME International Computing Engineering Conference, pp 121\u2013129."},{"key":"S0269888900005397_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ullman DG , Dietterich TG and Stauffer LA , 1988. \u201cA model of the mechanical design process based on empirical data: A summary\u201d Proceedings of the Third International Conference on AI in Engineering, \u201cArtificial Intelligence in Engineering: Design\u201d, ed. 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