{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T18:27:23Z","timestamp":1767637643042,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Maximum Academic Press","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,30]],"date-time":"2013-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375142400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Knowledge Engineering Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The concept of\n                    <jats:italic>manipulative abduction<\/jats:italic>\n                    is devoted to capture the role of action in many interesting cognitive situations: action provides otherwise unavailable information that enables the agent to solve problems by starting and performing a suitable abductive process of generation or selection of hypotheses. We observe that many external things, usually inert from an epistemological point of view, can be transformed into\n                    <jats:italic>epistemic mediators<\/jats:italic>\n                    . I will present some details derived from the history of the discovery of the non-Euclidean geometries that illustrate the relationships between strategies for anomaly resolution and visual thinking. Geometrical diagrams are external representations that play both a\n                    <jats:italic>mirror<\/jats:italic>\n                    role (to externalize rough mental models) and an\n                    <jats:italic>unveiling<\/jats:italic>\n                    role (as gateways to imaginary entities). I describe them as epistemic mediators able to perform various explanatory, non-explanatory, and instrumental abductive tasks (discovery of new properties or new propositions\/hypotheses, provision of suitable sequences of models as able to convincingly verifying theorems, etc.). I am also convinced that they can be exploited and studied in everyday non-mathematical applications also to the aim of promoting new trends in artificial intelligence modeling of various aspects of hypothetical reasoning: finding routes, road signs, buildings maps, for example, in connection with various zooming effects of spatial reasoning. I also think that the cognitive activities of optical, mirror, and unveiling diagrams can be studied in other areas of manipulative and model-based reasoning, such as the ones involving creative, analogical, and spatial inferences, both in science and everyday situations so that this can extend the epistemological, computational, and the psychological theory.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s026988891300026x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,30]],"date-time":"2013-07-30T09:23:01Z","timestamp":1375176181000},"page":"303-326","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Thinking through drawing"],"prefix":"10.48130","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Magnani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"27968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S026988891300026X_ref3","first-page":"161","article-title":"Proofs and pictures","volume":"48","author":"Brown","year":"1997","journal-title":"Philosophy of Science"},{"key":"S026988891300026X_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-78733-4_1"},{"volume-title":"Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries","year":"1974","author":"Greenberg","key":"S026988891300026X_ref13"},{"key":"S026988891300026X_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-010-9622-5"},{"key":"S026988891300026X_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1355-2198(02)00079-5"},{"key":"S026988891300026X_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44590-0"},{"key":"S026988891300026X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1603_2"},{"volume-title":"Wet Mind, the New Cognitive Neuroscience","year":"1992","author":"Kosslyn","key":"S026988891300026X_ref18"},{"key":"S026988891300026X_ref23","first-page":"199","volume-title":"Spatial Cognition. 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