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The goal is to create the basis for a system that could capture some features of the existing urban fabric and apply them in contemporary urban planning and architectural design. The methodology used is described, from the initial historical analysis and fieldwork to the identification of three subgrammars necessary to encode the complexity of the urban preexistences: the urban grammar, the negotiation grammar, and the housing grammar. Top-down and bottom-up approaches to grammar design are analyzed and compared. The bottom-up urban grammar developed is then described, and a hand derivation of the existing urban fabric is proposed. Visual, symbolic, and tagged computer implementations of shape grammars are briefly discussed and a novel design generated by the tagged interpreter is presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0890060407000315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,19]],"date-time":"2007-09-19T14:44:08Z","timestamp":1190213048000},"page":"317-349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Unveiling the structure of the Marrakech Medina: A shape grammar and an interpreter for generating urban form"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 P.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o M.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gon\u00e7alo Ducla","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0890060407000315_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/b260059"},{"key":"S0890060407000315_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGill M. (2002). Shaper2D: visual software for learning shape grammars. Proc. 20th eCAADe Conf., pp. 148\u2013151.","DOI":"10.52842\/conf.ecaade.2002.148"},{"key":"S0890060407000315_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/b040089"},{"key":"S0890060407000315_ref4","unstructured":"Caldas L.G. (2005). Three-dimensional shape generation of low-energy architecture solutions using pareto genetic algorithms. Proc. 23rd Int. eCAADe Conf., pp. 491\u2013500."},{"key":"S0890060407000315_ref22","first-page":"89","article-title":"Algorithmic design: generating urban form","volume":"2","author":"Teeling","year":"1996","journal-title":"Urban Design Studies"},{"key":"S0890060407000315_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-2393-4_19"},{"key":"S0890060407000315_ref6","unstructured":"Duarte J.P. (2001). Customizing mass housing: a discursive grammar for Siza's Malagueira houses. PhD Dissertation. 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