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In this paper, we argue that interdisciplinary interest in design fixation has led to increasingly broad definitions of the phenomenon that may be undermining empirical research efforts, educational efforts to minimize fixation, and the acquisition and dissemination of transdisciplinary knowledge about fixation effects. To address these issues, we recommend that researchers consider categorizing fixation phenomena into one of three classifications: unconscious adherence to the influence of prior designs, conscious blocks to change, and intentional resistance to new ideas. Next, we distinguish between concept-based design fixation, fixation to a specific class of known design concepts, and knowledge-based design fixation, fixation to a problem-specific knowledge base. With these distinctions in place, we propose a system of orders of design fixation, recommend methods for reducing fixation in inventive design, and recommend areas that are in need of further research within the field of design science.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0890060414000043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,16]],"date-time":"2014-05-16T07:26:32Z","timestamp":1400225192000},"page":"129-137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Design fixation: Classifications and modern methods of prevention"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Youmans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomaz","family":"Arciszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03201216"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref40","first-page":"1568","article-title":"Item availability in cryptomnesia: assessing its role in two paradigms of unconscious plagiarism","volume":"21","author":"Marsh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1992.tb00051.x"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2162-6057.2011.tb01090.x"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref7","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Civil and Structural Engineering Computing","author":"Arciszewski","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-694X(91)90003-F"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref26","volume-title":"Synectics: The Development of Creative Capacity","author":"Gordon","year":"1961"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0742-051X(96)00045-5"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.destud.2010.08.001"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref22","volume-title":"Research methods for design science research: computational and cognitive approaches","author":"Gero","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1907229"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-694X(98)00032-5"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref31","first-page":"3","article-title":"Multiple causes of difficulty in insight: the case of the nine-dot problem","volume":"30","author":"Kershaw","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2162-6057.2011.tb01086.x"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4001110"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6916.2008.00064.x"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref3","first-page":"796","article-title":"ARIZ 77\u2014an innovative design method","volume":"22","author":"Arciszewski","year":"1988","journal-title":"Methods and Theories"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref58","article-title":"Another look at subliminal \u201cfacts.\u201d","volume":"55","author":"Weir","year":"1984","journal-title":"Advertising Age"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref39","first-page":"673","article-title":"Eliciting cryptomnesia: unconscious plagiarism in a puzzle task","volume":"19","author":"Marsh","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2390603"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruc.2005.03.002"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.destud.2004.05.004"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.508"},{"key":"S0890060414000043_ref5","first-page":"167","volume-title":"NASA Conf. 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