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This article demonstrates that the methods used to analyze product designers\u2019 cognitive behavior can be used to produce comparable and commensurable results when analyzing PSS designers. It also generates empirical grounding for the development of hypotheses based on a cognitive study of a PSS design session in a laboratory environment using protocol analysis. This study is a part of a larger project comparing PSS design with product design. The results, which are based on the function\u2013behavior\u2013structure coding scheme, show that PSS design, when coded using this scheme, can be quantitatively compared with product design. Five hypotheses were developed based on the results of the study of this design session concerning where and how designers expend their cognitive design effort. These hypotheses can be used to design experiments that test them and provide the grounding for a fuller understanding of PSS design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0890060420000402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T07:36:15Z","timestamp":1600328175000},"page":"515-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Analyzing cognitive processes of a product\/service-system design session using protocol analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5991-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiko","family":"Sakao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"John","family":"Gero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Mizuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0890060420000402_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-694X(98)00015-5"},{"key":"S0890060420000402_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/DETC2008-49980"},{"volume-title":"Case Study Methods. 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