{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T03:28:00Z","timestamp":1771471680820,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760054400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Combinator. Probab. Comp."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Here we consider the hypergraph Tur\u00e1n problem in uniformly dense hypergraphs as was suggested by Erd\u0151s and S\u00f3s. Given a\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline1.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$3$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -graph\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline2.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$F$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , the uniform Tur\u00e1n density\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline3.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$\\pi _{\\boldsymbol{\\therefore }}(F)$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    of\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline4.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$F$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    is defined as the supremum over all\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline5.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$d\\in [0,1]$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    for which there is an\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline6.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$F$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -free uniformly\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline7.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$d$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -dense\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline8.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$3$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -graph, where uniformly\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline9.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$d$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -dense means that every linearly sized subhypergraph has density at least\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline10.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$d$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    . Recently, Glebov, Kr\u00e1l\u2019, and Volec and, independently, Reiher, R\u00f6dl, and Schacht proved that\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline11.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$\\pi _{\\boldsymbol{\\therefore }}(K_4^{(3)-})=\\frac {1}{4}$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , solving a conjecture by Erd\u0151s and S\u00f3s. Despite substantial attention, the uniform Tur\u00e1n density is still only known for very few hypergraphs. In particular, the problem due to Erd\u0151s and S\u00f3s to determine\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline12.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$\\pi _{\\boldsymbol{\\therefore }}(K_4^{(3)})$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    remains wide open.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In this work, we determine the uniform Tur\u00e1n density of the\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline13.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$3$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    -graph on five vertices that is obtained from\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline14.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$K_4^{(3)-}$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    by adding an additional vertex whose link forms a matching on the vertices of\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline15.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$K_4^{(3)-}$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    . Further, we point to two natural intermediate problems on the way to determining\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0963548325100199_inline16.png\"\/>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$\\pi _{\\boldsymbol{\\therefore }}(K_4^{(3)})$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , and solve the first of these.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0963548325100199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T07:18:11Z","timestamp":1760080691000},"page":"59-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beyond the broken tetrahedron"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8312-6591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"August Y.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell University"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1621-4030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bjarne","family":"Sch\u00fclke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Basic Science"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0963548325100199_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2021.11.050"},{"key":"S0963548325100199_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139004114.004"},{"key":"S0963548325100199_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1112\/jlms.12095"},{"key":"S0963548325100199_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4171\/jems\/784"},{"key":"S0963548325100199_ref21","first-page":"436","article-title":"Eine Extremalaufgabe aus der Graphentheorie","volume":"48","author":"Tur\u00e1n","year":"1941","journal-title":"Mat. 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