{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T22:20:35Z","timestamp":1672957235531},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,14]],"date-time":"2002-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1013644800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":75,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat. Lang. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigate the problem of <jats:italic>complex answers<\/jats:italic> in question answering. Complex answers \nconsist of several simple answers. We describe the online question answering system <jats:sc>SHAPAQA<\/jats:sc>, \nand using data from this system we show that the problem of complex answers is quite \ncommon. We define nine types of complex questions, and suggest two approaches, based on \nanswer frequencies, that allow question answering systems to tackle the problem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1351324901002777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:49:03Z","timestamp":1027777743000},"page":"301-323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Complex answers: a case study using \na WWW question answering system"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"BUCHHOLZ","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"DAELEMANS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,14]]},"container-title":["Natural Language Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1351324901002777","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T21:32:56Z","timestamp":1557264776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1351324901002777\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1351324901002777"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1351324901002777","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-3249","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8110","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,12]]}}}