{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T14:57:23Z","timestamp":1759935443503},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,2]],"date-time":"2006-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1141257600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat. Lang. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present the <jats:sc>RAGS<\/jats:sc> (Reference Architecture for Generation Systems) framework: a specification of an abstract Natural Language Generation (NLG) system architecture to support sharing, re-use, comparison and evaluation of NLG technologies. We argue that the evidence from a survey of actual NLG systems calls for a different emphasis in a reference proposal from that seen in similar initiatives in information extraction and multimedia interfaces. We introduce the framework itself, in particular the two-level data model that allows us to support the complex data requirements of NLG systems in a flexible and coherent fashion, and describe our efforts to validate the framework through a range of implementations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1351324906004104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,2]],"date-time":"2006-03-02T10:24:50Z","timestamp":1141295090000},"page":"1-34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["A Reference Architecture for Natural Language Generation Systems"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"CHRIS","family":"MELLISH","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DONIA","family":"SCOTT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LYNNE","family":"CAHILL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DANIEL","family":"PAIVA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ROGER","family":"EVANS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MIKE","family":"REAPE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,2]]},"container-title":["Natural Language Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1351324906004104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,31]],"date-time":"2019-03-31T19:01:08Z","timestamp":1554058868000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1351324906004104\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1351324906004104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1351324906004104","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-3249","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8110","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]}}}