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One important issue in CLIR is how to apply monolingual information retrieval (IR) methods in cross-lingual environments. Recently, learning to rank (LTR) approach has been successfully employed in different IR tasks. In this paper, we use LTR for CLIR. In order to adapt monolingual LTR techniques in CLIR and pass the barrier of language difference, we map monolingual IR features to CLIR ones using translation information extracted from different translation resources. The performance of CLIR is highly dependent on the size and quality of available bilingual resources. Effective use of available resources is especially important in low-resource language pairs. In this paper, we further propose an LTR-based method for combining translation resources in CLIR. We have studied the effectiveness of the proposed approach using different translation resources. Our results also show that LTR can be used to successfully combine different translation resources to improve the CLIR performance. In the best scenario, the LTR-based combination method improves the performance of single-resource-based CLIR method by 6% in terms of Mean Average Precision.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1351324919000032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T07:50:42Z","timestamp":1551772242000},"page":"363-384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A learning to rank approach for cross-language information retrieval exploiting multiple translation resources"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Hosein","family":"Azarbonyad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azadeh","family":"Shakery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heshaam","family":"Faili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3077136.3080743"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1145\/1148170.1148205","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 29th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Cao","year":"2006"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref4","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI\u2019 12","author":"Azarbonyad","year":"2012"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/984321.984324"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1145\/1277741.1277809","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 30th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Xu","year":"2007"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref48","first-page":"363","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 38th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR \u201815","author":"Vuli\u0107","year":"2015"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1145\/383952.383965","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","author":"Gollins","year":"2001"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45691-0_5"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1145\/2970398.2970436","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on the Theory of Information Retrieval","author":"Godavarthy","year":"2016"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/00330331211276495"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-018-1232-8"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref16","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on IR Research on Advances in Information Retrieval","author":"Gao","year":"2009"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref15","first-page":"363","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics","author":"Finkel","year":"2005"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-012-9194-z"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2009.05.002"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15998-5_5"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25631-8_41"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40802-1_11"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10791-008-9058-8"},{"key":"S1351324919000032_ref46","unstructured":"T\u00fcre F. , Lin J.J. and Oard D.W. 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