{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T02:21:14Z","timestamp":1767666074297},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]],"date-time":"1999-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":920246400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat. Lang. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Verbmobil represents a new generation of speech-to-speech translation systems in which \nspontaneously spoken language, speaker independence and adaptability as well as the combination \nof deep and shallow approaches to the analysis and transfer problems are the main features. \nThe project brought together researchers from the fields of signal processing, computational \nlinguistics and artificial intelligence. Verbmobil goes beyond the state-of-the-art in each of \nthese areas, but its main achievement is the seamless integration of them. The first project \nphase (1993\u20131996) has been followed up by the second project phase (1997\u20132000), which \naims at applying the results to further languages and at integrating innovative telecooperation \ntechniques. Quite apart from the speech and language processing issues, the size and \ncomplexity of the project represent an extreme challenge on the areas of project management \nand software engineering:<\/jats:p><jats:p>[bull  ] 50 researchers from 29 organizations at different sites in different countries are involved \nin the software development process,<\/jats:p><jats:p>[bull  ] to reuse existing software, hardware, knowledge and experience, only a few technical \nrestrictions could be given to the partners.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In this article we describe the Verbmobil prototype system from a software-engineering \nperspective. We discuss:<\/jats:p><jats:p>[bull  ] the modularized functional architecture,<\/jats:p><jats:p>[bull  ] the flexible and extensible software architecture which reflects that functional architecture,<\/jats:p><jats:p>[bull  ] the evolutionary process of system integration,<\/jats:p><jats:p>[bull  ] the communication-based organizational structure of the project,<\/jats:p><jats:p>[bull  ] the evaluation of the system operational by the end of the first project phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1351324999002132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:30:22Z","timestamp":1027776622000},"page":"95-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Verbmobil prototype system \u2013 a software \nengineering perspective"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"THOMAS","family":"BUB","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"JOHANNES","family":"SCHWINN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]},"container-title":["Natural Language Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1351324999002132","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,31]],"date-time":"2019-03-31T19:19:50Z","timestamp":1554059990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1351324999002132\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1351324999002132"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1351324999002132","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-3249","1469-8110"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-3249","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-8110","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]}}}