{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:44:31Z","timestamp":1792687471456,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,20]],"date-time":"2011-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1303257600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AsianJIL"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>From a conceptual viewpoint, the legal universe has found its almost perfect configuration in our time. Almost all of the peoples of the world are members of the United Nations and as such are entitled to co-operate in shaping the direction and content of policies at the global level. Before World War II, and even a considerable time after the horrendous events unleashed by that war, many nations had no say in international matters. They were placed under colonial rule, which meant that their voices were not heard\u2014or heard only through the mediation of the powers that acted as their wards and guardians. That situation of structural discrimination has changed dramatically. All the peoples of the world have reached sovereign statehood and have been admitted to the world forum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s2044251311000026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,20]],"date-time":"2011-04-20T09:54:18Z","timestamp":1303293258000},"page":"217-231","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Asia and International Law\u2014Common Ground and Regional Diversity"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"TOMUSCHAT","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref43","volume-title":"Human Rights: Between Idealism and Realism","author":"TOMUSCHAT","year":"2008"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref42","article-title":"\u201cHuman Rights in a World-Wide Framework: Some Current Issues\u201d","volume":"45","author":"TOMUSCHAT","year":"1985","journal-title":"Heidelberg Journal of International Law 547 at"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref41","article-title":"\u201cHuman Rights in South Asia: Abuse and Degradation\u201d","volume":"10","author":"WAUGHRAY","year":"2001","journal-title":"Asian Yearbook of International Law"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref40","article-title":"\u201cHuman Rights and Governance: The Asia Debate\u201d","volume":"15","author":"GHAI","year":"1994","journal-title":"Australian Yearbook of International Law"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref38","volume-title":"International Law: Issues and Challenges","volume":"II","author":"KHAN","year":"2010"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref36","volume-title":"International Human Rights and Islamic Law","author":"BADERIN","year":"2003"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref35","unstructured":"ANGHIE Antony , \u201cThe Evolution of International Law: Colonial and Postcolonial Realities\u201d in Richard FALK et al., eds., supra note 40 at 45"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref34","article-title":"\u201cThe Role of Law in the Formation of Regional Perspectives in Human Rights and Regional Systems for the Protection of Human Rights: The European and Asian Models as Illustration\u201d","volume":"8","author":"YEE","year":"2004","journal-title":"Singapore Year Book of International Law 157 at"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MIRZAEE-YENGEJEH Saeid , \u201cInternational Law as a Cultural Perspective: Towards a Convergence of Civilizations\u201d in MacDonald and Johnston, eds., supra note 16 at 191","DOI":"10.1163\/9789047415916_010"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004479968","volume-title":"Liber Amicorum Judge Shigeru Oda","author":"ANDO","year":"2002"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/187197306779173202"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.cjilaw.a000472"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref26","volume-title":"La Charte des Nations Unies: Commentaire article par article","author":"KOHEN","year":"2005"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref24","article-title":"\u201cWhat is TWAIL?\u201d","volume":"94","author":"MUTUA","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Society of International Law Proceedings"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/187197306779173220"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref21","volume-title":"Principles of Public International Law","author":"BROWNLIE","year":"2003"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref20","volume-title":"Peace Treaties and International Law in European History","author":"TOMUSCHAT","year":"2004"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref18","volume-title":"Les Conventions de Vienne sur le droit des trait\u00e9s","volume":"II","author":"CORTEN","year":"2006"},{"key":"S2044251311000026_ref13","volume-title":"Looking to the Future: Essays on International Law in Honour of W. 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