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However, a paucity of empirical evidence has prevented their widespread introduction and regulatory approval. Existing research focuses on single-user simulators, leaving a gap in studies of collaborative training within virtual environments. Consequently, this paper investigates evidence-based simulator training within a collaborative virtual environment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A mixed methods approach was adopted, where behaviours related to industry-standard competencies were observed in a virtual reality complex aircraft and thematic analysis applied to a post-experiment participant debrief. The findings showcase the feasibility of utilising a collaborative virtual environment for evidence-based training purposes in scenarios aligned to typical initial First Officer airline training programmes, which is a precursor to supplementing traditional professional pilot training techniques. In addition, the study found that the visual barriers imposed by head-mounted displays were overcome through the adoption of refined communication strategies, thus laying the groundwork for physically separated multi-crew pilot training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/aer.2024.113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T10:55:33Z","timestamp":1732791333000},"page":"261-281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Assessing evidence-based training in a collaborative virtual reality flight simulator"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"129","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7768-1535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.I.","family":"Cross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0878-5546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Ryley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0001924024001131_ref17","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Teams: Their Training and Performance","author":"Salas","year":"1992"},{"key":"S0001924024001131_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327108IJAP1101_6"},{"key":"S0001924024001131_ref37","first-page":"6","article-title":"Analysing qualitative data: More than \u2018identifying themes\u2019","volume":"2","author":"Bazeley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Malaysian J. 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