{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:09:36Z","timestamp":1759410576484},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,9]],"date-time":"2016-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473379200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> An increased incidence of hospital admissions coded as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was noted in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, during the second wave of the influenza pandemic from October 2009 to March 2010. However, it was not clear whether this was due to heightened awareness of potential neurological complications of influenza or influenza vaccination or an actual increase in the number of cases. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> We extracted data from the charts of 139 patients hospitalized with an International Classification of Diseases-10 discharge code indicating ADEM (G04.0) or unspecified noninfectious encephalitis or myelitis (G04.8, G04.9) between January 2006 and December 2012. Clinical and laboratory data were reviewed by a neurologist, and diagnoses were determined using the Brighton criteria. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> Over the entire study period, there were 22 cases of ADEM. During the peak pandemic period (April-December 2009), seven patients were hospitalized with ADEM, corresponding to a rate of 7.8\/million\/year; 4.7 (95% confidence interval: 1.9-11.4) times higher than the rate before or after the pandemic period. Only one patient with ADEM had received the monovalent A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine within 12 weeks of hospitalization. <jats:bold><jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> We have found an increased incidence of ADEM during the pandemic period that may be related, at least in part, to the increased incidence of influenza during that period. However, there was no temporal relationship with the administration of A(H1N1)pdm09 or seasonal influenza vaccines. Our study provides reassurance that use of these vaccines was not associated with increased risk of ADEM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2016.291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,9]],"date-time":"2016-09-09T05:20:36Z","timestamp":1473398436000},"page":"819-823","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pandemic H1N1 Vaccination and Incidence of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in Manitoba"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Alan C.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz C.","family":"Mosta\u00e7o-Guidolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hasantha","family":"Sinnock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songul","family":"Bozat-Emre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Routledge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salaheddin M.","family":"Mahmud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7694-7"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1008553"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000133048.75452.dd"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.100488"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.08.103"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/484693","article-title":"Serological survey of the novel influenza A H1N1 in inner city Winnipeg, Manitoba, 2009","volume":"23","author":"Thompson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.04.060"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.05.130"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref18","first-page":"565","article-title":"A case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following influenza virus A-H1N1 infection","volume":"65","author":"Garazzino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Minerva Pediatr"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp0904572"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024384"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-011-0500-0"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.06.003"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref1","first-page":"4","article-title":"The geography and mortality of the 1918 influenza pandemic","volume":"65","author":"Patterson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bull Hist Med"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.08.068"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.03.019"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.10.1666"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.09.021"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref2","first-page":"619","volume-title":"Handbook of clinical neurology: neurovirology","author":"Davis","year":"2014"},{"key":"S0317167116002912_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12241"}],"container-title":["Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences \/ Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0317167116002912","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T21:58:10Z","timestamp":1555624690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0317167116002912\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0317167116002912"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/cjn.2016.291","relation":{},"ISSN":["0317-1671","2057-0155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0317-1671","type":"print"},{"value":"2057-0155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,9]]}}}