{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T06:28:40Z","timestamp":1772605720560,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549843200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Can. J. Neurol. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT:<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold>Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is associated with poorer outcome of critically ill patients. Microcirculatory changes and altered vascular permeability of skeletal muscles might contribute to the pathogenesis of ICU-AW. Muscular ultrasound (MUS) displays increased muscle echogenicity, although its pathogenesis is uncertain.<jats:italic><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:italic>We investigated the combined measurement of serum and ultrasound markers to assess ICU-AW and clinical patient outcome.<jats:italic><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:italic>Fifteen patients and five healthy controls were longitudinally assessed for signs of ICU-AW at study days 3 and 10 using a muscle strength sum score. The definition of ICU-AW was based on decreased muscle strength assessed by the muscular research council-sum score. Ultrasound echogenicity of extremity muscles was assessed using a standardized protocol. Serum markers of inflammation and endothelial damage were measured. The 3-month outcome was assessed on the modified Rankin scale.<jats:italic><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:italic>ICU-AW was present in eight patients, and seven patients and the control subjects did not develop ICU-AW. The global muscle echogenicity score (GME) differed significantly between controls and patients (mean GME, 1.1 \u00b1 0.06 vs. 2.3 \u00b1 0.41;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.001). Mean GME values significantly decreased in patients without ICU-AW from assessment 1 (2.30 \u00b1 0.48) to assessment 2 (2.06 \u00b1 0.45;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.027), which was not observed in patients with ICU-AW. Serum levels of syndecan-1 at day 3 significantly correlated with higher GME values at day 10 (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>= 0.63,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.012). Furthermore, the patients\u2019 GME significantly correlated with mRS at day 100 (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>= 0.67,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.013).<jats:italic><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:italic>The combined use of muscular ultrasound and inflammatory biomarkers might be helpful to diagnose ICU-AW and to predict long-term outcome in critical illness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/cjn.2018.390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T07:13:20Z","timestamp":1549869200000},"page":"234-242","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Muscular Ultrasound, Syndecan-1 and Procalcitonin Serum Levels to Assess Intensive Care Unit-Acquired 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